Repeated measure ANOVA for species importance value during three successive years in the study site.

<p>The Greenhouse-Geisser corrected degrees of freedom and F-statistic were reported for within-subjects comparison.</p

Biomass allocation for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the study site.

<p>Panel A, B, and C represent below/above-ground biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the first, second, and third year, respectively. Species abbreviations are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0050247#pone-0050247-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05). Error bars denote 1 standard error.</p

Two-way ANOVAs for plant height, biomass and biomass allocation (below/above–ground biomass) during three successive years in study sites.

<p>Two-way ANOVAs for plant height, biomass and biomass allocation (below/above–ground biomass) during three successive years in study sites.</p

Annual increment in importance value (IV) for species during three successive years in the study site.

<p>Species abbreviations are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0050247#pone-0050247-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>. Significant increments (<i>P</i><0.05) are shown in bold.</p

List of species with abbreviations in the study site.

<p>List of species with abbreviations in the study site.</p

Plant height for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the study site.

<p>Panel A, B, and C represent plant height for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the first, second, and third year, respectively. Species abbreviations are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0050247#pone-0050247-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05). Error bars denote 1 standard error.</p

Ag/Cd coordination architecture and photoluminescence behaviors

<p>Three coordination architectures, {[Ag₄(pbmb)₄·(BF₄)₄](CH₃OH)₂·H₂O}_n (<b>1</b>), {[Cd₂(pbmb)₄](ClO₄)₄·(CH₃OH)₅}_n (<b>2</b>), and [Cd₄(pbmb)₄·I₈(CH₃OH)₂]_n (<b>3</b>) (pbmb = 1-((2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzoimidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzotriazole), are built up from Ag(I)/Cd(II) salts and a flexible pyridyl-benzimidazole-based organic spacer. Single-crystal analysis shows that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> have 1-D chains, while <b>3</b> displays a tetranuclear structure. All complexes exhibit different coordination geometries and properties, which can be attributed to the difference between the metal centers or anions. In the case of <b>1</b> in particular, the Ag⋯Ag interactions play a crucial role in the formation of a supramolecular architecture. The binuclear-based complex consists of a pair of Ag⋯Ag contacts (<i>ca.</i> 2.953 Å), and it exhibits intense triplet emission with large Stokes shift and high thermal stability. Compared to pbmb, <b>2</b> has excellent high-energy fluorescence properties, while <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibit mainly low-energy emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that the heavy atom effect has a causative influence in enhancing the triplet state radiative rate, resulting in large Stokes’ shift of the complex.</p

ANOVAs for soil homogeneity in the study site.

<p>ANOVAs for soil homogeneity in the study site.</p

Ag/Cd coordination architecture and photoluminescence behaviors

<p>Three coordination architectures, {[Ag₄(pbmb)₄·(BF₄)₄](CH₃OH)₂·H₂O}_n (<b>1</b>), {[Cd₂(pbmb)₄](ClO₄)₄·(CH₃OH)₅}_n (<b>2</b>), and [Cd₄(pbmb)₄·I₈(CH₃OH)₂]_n (<b>3</b>) (pbmb = 1-((2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzoimidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzotriazole), are built up from Ag(I)/Cd(II) salts and a flexible pyridyl-benzimidazole-based organic spacer. Single-crystal analysis shows that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> have 1-D chains, while <b>3</b> displays a tetranuclear structure. All complexes exhibit different coordination geometries and properties, which can be attributed to the difference between the metal centers or anions. In the case of <b>1</b> in particular, the Ag⋯Ag interactions play a crucial role in the formation of a supramolecular architecture. The binuclear-based complex consists of a pair of Ag⋯Ag contacts (<i>ca.</i> 2.953 Å), and it exhibits intense triplet emission with large Stokes shift and high thermal stability. Compared to pbmb, <b>2</b> has excellent high-energy fluorescence properties, while <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibit mainly low-energy emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that the heavy atom effect has a causative influence in enhancing the triplet state radiative rate, resulting in large Stokes’ shift of the complex.</p

Plant biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the study site.

<p>Panel A, B, and C represent plant biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in the first, second, and third year, respectively. Species abbreviations are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0050247#pone-0050247-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05). Error bars denote 1 standard error.</p