α‑In₂Se₃ Nanostructure-Based Photodetectors for Tunable and Broadband Response

The strong thickness-dependent narrow direct band gap of few-layer α-In2Se3 makes it a promising candidate for high-performance photodetectors. However, few researchers focus on the relationship between thickness and optoelectronic characteristics, and most results are based on the mechanically exfoliated α-In2Se3 nanoflakes. Herein, a reliable physical vapor deposition strategy to grow α-In2Se3 nanosheets with tunable thickness and submillimeter scale is reported. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies confirmed the high-quality growth of α-In2Se3 nanosheets. The back-gate field-effect transistors on SiO2 substrates display n-type semiconductor behavior. A systematical investigation of the optoelectronic properties reveals a thickness-dependent broadband response from visible (447 nm) to near-infrared (1550 nm) wavelengths with better and excellent performance obtained in thicker α-In2Se3 nanosheets than that in thinner devices. More importantly, a great improvement of the responsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) can be achieved by changing the thickness of In2Se3. The photodetector exhibits an outstanding photoresponsivity of 347.6 A/W, an ultrahigh detectivity of 1.5 × 1013 Jones, and an external quantum efficiency of 8.3 × 104%, which is superior to several α-In2Se3 nanostructure- or other two-dimensional (2D)-based photodetectors. The thickness-dependent broadband response characteristics make the α-In2Se3 nanostructure a promising candidate for multifunctional optoelectronic device applications

Oxidation of Ethyl Ether on Borate Glass: Chemiluminescence, Mechanism, and Development of a Sensitive Gas Sensor

A gas sensor was developed by using the chemiluminescence (CL) emission from the oxidation of ethyl ether by oxygen in the air on the surface of borate glass. Theoretical calculation, together with experimental investigation, revealed the main CL reactions: ethyl ether is first oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetic acid, during which main luminous intermediates such as CH3CO• are generated and emit light with a peak at 493 nm. At a reaction temperature of 245 °C, the overall maximal emission was found at around 460 nm, and the linear range of the CL intensity versus the concentration of ethyl ether was 0.12−51.7 μg mL−1 (R = 0.999, n = 7) with a limit of detection (3σ) of 0.04 μg mL−1. Interference from foreign substances including alcohol (methanol, ethanol and isopropanol), acetone, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, or ether (n-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, propylene oxide, isopropyl ether and methyl tert-butyl ether) was not significant except a minimal signal from n-butyl ether (<2%). It is a simple, sensitive and selective gas sensor for the determination of trace ethyl ether

Novel Mn₃O₄ Micro-octahedra: Promising Cataluminescence Sensing Material for Acetone

Two novel morphologies of Mn3O4 micro-octahedra and hexagonal nanoplates were controllably synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of KMnO4 in the dodecylamine-Na2SO3-ethanol/dodecylamine-ethanol system. XRD, SEM, HRTEM and N2 adsorption measurements were used to characterize the prepared manganese oxide materials. With Mn3O4 micro-octahedra and hexagonal nanoplates as sensing materials, new acetone gas sensors were designed and their cataluminescence (CTL) property was evaluated. The effects of influencing parameters on the synthesis and sensing were studied. Experimental results show that the CTL properties of the prepared Mn3O4 materials are shape-dependent and Mn3O4 micro-octahedra show excellent sensing characteristics for acetone. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the calibration curve of the CTL intensity versus acetone vapor concentration was linear in ranges of 2.6−52.2 and 52.2−394.0 μg mL−1, respectively, with a detection limit of 0.4 μg mL−1 (signal/noise = 3) and a relative standard deviation in the range of 1 to 3%. For long-term stability, the signal variation for acetone concentration at 47 μg mL−1 varied within ±11% in 6 months. The present sensor has a fast response time of 3 s and recovery time of less than 40 s

<i>In Vitro</i> Study on the Piezodynamic Therapy with a BaTiO₃‑Coating Titanium Scaffold under Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation

To solve the poor sustainability of electroactive stimulation in clinical therapy, a strategy of combining a piezoelectric BaTiO3-coated Ti6Al4V scaffold and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) was unveiled and named here as piezodynamic therapy. Thus, cell behavior could be regulated phenomenally by force and electricity simultaneously. First, BaTiO3 was deposited uniformly on the surface of the three-dimensional (3D) printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffold, which endowed the scaffold with excellent force–electricity responsiveness under pulsed ultrasound exposure. The results of live/dead staining, cell scanning electron microscopy, and F-actin staining showed that cells had better viability, better pseudo-foot adhesion, and more muscular actin bundles when they underwent the piezodynamic effect of ultrasound and piezoelectric coating. This piezodynamic therapy activated more mitochondria at the initial stage that intervened in the cell cycle by promoting cells’ proliferation and weakened the apoptotic damage. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data further confirmed that the costimulation of the ultrasound and the piezoelectric scaffolds could trigger adequate current to upregulated the expression of osteogenic-related genes. The continuous electric cues could be generated by the BaTiO3-coated scaffold and intermittent LIPUS stimulation; thereon, more efficient bone healing would be promoted by piezodynamic therapy in future treatment

Additional file 1 of Effects of different potassium-lowering regimens on acute hyperkalemia in hemodialysis patients: a real-world, retrospective study

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Scheme of selection of potassium-lowering regimens for enrolled patients

Promoting Osseointegration of Ti Implants through Micro/Nanoscaled Hierarchical Ti Phosphate/Ti Oxide Hybrid Coating

In this study, micro/nanoscaled hierarchical hybrid coatings containing titanium (Ti) phosphate and Ti oxide have been fabricated with the aim of promoting osseointegration of Ti-based implants. Three representative surface coatings, namely, micro/nanograss Ti (P-G-Ti), micro/nanoclump Ti, (P-C-Ti), and micro/nanorod Ti (P-R-Ti), have been produced. In-depth investigations into the coating surface morphology, topography, chemical composition, and the surface/cell interaction have been carried out using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, contact-angle measurement, and protein adsorption assay. In addition, in vitro performance of the coating (cell proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation) has been evaluated using rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), and in vivo assessments have been carried out based on a rat tibia implantation model. All the hybrid coating modified implants demonstrated enhanced protein adsorption and BMSC viability, adhesion and differentiation, with P-G-Ti showing the best bioactivity among all samples. Subsequent in vivo osseointegration tests confirmed that P-G-Ti has induced a much stronger interfacial bonding with the host tissue, indicated by the 2-fold increase in the ultimate shear strength and over 6-fold increase in the maximum push-out force compared to unmodified Ti implants. The state-of-the-art coating technology proposed for Ti-based implants in this study holds great potential in advancing medical devices for next-generation healthcare technology

Biomimetic Spiral-Cylindrical Scaffold Based on Hybrid Chitosan/Cellulose/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Membrane for Bone Regeneration

Natural bone is a complex material with well-designed architecture. To achieve successful bone integration and regeneration, the constituent and structure of bone-repairing scaffolds need to be functionalized synergistically based on biomimetics. In this study, a hybrid membrane composed of chitosan (CS), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) was curled in a concentric manner to generate an anisotropic spiral-cylindrical scaffold, with compositional and structural properties mimicking natural bone. After optimization in terms of morphology, hydrophilicity, swelling and degradation pattern, the osteoblast cells seeded on the membrane of 60 wt% n-HA exhibited the highest cell viability and osteocalcin expression. In vivo osteogenesis assessment revealed that the spiral-cylindrical architecture played a dominant role in bone regeneration and osseointegration. Newly formed bone tissue grew through the longitudinal direction of the cylinder-shaped scaffold bridging both ends of the defect, bone marrow penetrated the entire scaffold and formed a medullary cavity in the center of the spiral cylinder. This study for the first time demonstrates that the spiral-cylindrical scaffold can promote complete infiltration of bone tissues in vivo, leading to successful osteointegration and functional reconstruction of bone defects. It suggests that the biomimetic spiral-cylindrical scaffold could be a promising candidate for bone regeneration applications

Additional file 1 of Serological investigation of Gyrovirus homsa1 infections in chickens in China

Additional file 1

Core–Shell NiS@SrTiO₃ Nanorods on Titanium for Enhanced Osseointegration via Programmed Regulation of Bacterial Infection, Angiogenesis, and Osteogenesis

Developing bone implants with dynamic self-adjustment of antibacterial, angiogenic, and osteogenic functions in line with a bone regenerative cascade is highly required in orthopedics. Herein, a unique core–shell nanorods array featuring a thin layer of NiS coated on each SrTiO3 nanorod (NiS@SrTiO3) was in situ constructed on titanium (Ti) through a two-step hydrothermal treatment. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the photoresponsive effect of NiS layer in synergy with the physical perforation of SrTiO3 nanorods initially enabled in vitro antibacterial rates of 96.5% to Escherichia coli and 93.1% to Staphylococcus aureus. With the degradation of the NiS layer, trace amounts of Ni ions were released, which accelerated angiogenesis by upregulating the expression of vascular regeneration-related factors, while the gradual exposure of SrTiO3 nanorods could simultaneously enhance the surface hydrophilicity in favor of cell adhesion and slowly release Sr ions to promote the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vivo assessment verified not only the satisfactory antibacterial effect but also the superior osteogenic ability of the NiS@SrTiO3/Ti group with the aid of NIR irradiation, finally promoting the osseointegration of the Ti implant. The modification method endowing Ti implant with antibacterial, angiogenic, and osteogenic functions provides a new strategy to improve the long-term reliability of Ti-based devices

Plant-Derived Polyphenol and LL-37 Peptide-Modified Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Promotion of Antibacterial Activity, Anti-Inflammation, and Type‑H Vascularized Bone Regeneration

The regeneration of oral tissues is a challenging clinical problem because of the complex microbial and biological stress environments. Electrospun fibrous scaffolds have attracted significant interest as effective barrier membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR); however, no mature strategy yet exists for the surface modification of fibers to provide versatility to satisfy clinical requirements. This study demonstrated a practical biosafety strategy: the combined use of plant polyphenols and LL-37 peptides to modify the fiber surface to endow the fibrous scaffold with antimicrobial activity, immunoregulation, and vascularized bone regeneration. We confirmed that the LL-37 peptides interacted with tannic acid (TA) through noncovalent bonds through experiments and molecular docking simulation analysis. In vitro experiments showed that the TA coating imparted strong antibacterial properties to the fibrous scaffold, but it also caused cytotoxicity. The grafting of LL-37 peptide promoted the spreading, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and was also conducive to the M2 polarization of RAW264.7 cells. In vivo experiments further verified that the LL-37 peptide-grafted fibrous scaffold significantly enhanced angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and type-H vascularized bone regeneration. Overall, the fibrous scaffold modified by the LL-37 peptide through TA grafting has significant potential for GBR applications