Gender dalam perspektif dosen pendidikan agama Islam di UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

INDONESIA: Gender merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak terpisahkan dengan perguruan tinggi agama Islam (PTAI) mengingat lembaga pendidikan ini adalah salah satu bagian dari agen perubahan sosial, selain peran utamanya dalam mengembangkan dan menerapkan ilmu pengetahuan. Dengan demikian, perguruan tinggi agama Islam (PTAI), diharapkan mampu menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai relasi gender ke dalam lembaga dan masyarakat luas. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana dosen pendidikan agama Islam memaknai gender, kategorisasi pemikiran dosen tersebut tentang gender, dan bagaimana implikasi gender di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang perspektif dosen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemaknaan gender perspektif dosen pendidikan agama Islam, mendeskripsikan kategorisasi pemikiran dosen tehadap gender, dan mendeskripsikan implikasi gender di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang berdasar perspektif dosen pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan, dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Jadi mendeskripsikan pandangan dosen tentang konsep gender dan aplikasinya dalam pendidikan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis data model interaktif, yang meliputi konseptualisasi, kategorisasi, dan deskripsi yang dikembangkan atas dasar pendapat dan kejadian yang diperoleh ketika penelitian berlangsung. Adapun hasil penelitiannya adalah: (1) gender memiliki pemaknaan yang berbeda-beda dilihat dari perspektif dosen pendidikan agama Islam, yakni gender adalah perimbangan berdasarkan kodrat, kemudian merupakan upaya dalam penyamaan harkat-martabat, dan sebuah perspektif berdasarkan konstruksi sosial. (2) pengkategorisasian paparan terkait gender ditemukan tiga kategori, yaitu kategori tradisional, kategori tradisional, dan kategori konvergensi. (3) terdapat implikasi gender yang cukup signifikan pada Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, yakni terlihat pada penerapan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang meliputi pendidikan-pengajarannya melalui kegiatan pembelajaran dan metodenya, pada bidang penelitian melalui karya ilmiah dan buku yang diterbitkan, sedangkan bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat melalui seminar kebidangan gender yang dilakukan dan terjun langsung pada masyarakat untuk pengenalan tentang kegenderan. ENGLISH: Gender is an inseparable unity with the Islamic colleges considering this educational institution is one part of a social change agent, in addition to its primary role in developing and applying science. Thus, Islamic colleges, are expected to internalize the values of gender relations in organizations and society at large. The focus of this research is how to interpret Islamic education lecturer gender, categorization of the faculty of thinking about gender, and how gender implications in the State Islamic University ( UIN ) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang faculty perspective. The purpose of this study is to describe the meaning of the gender perspective of Islamic religious education lecturer, lecturer thought tehadap describe gender categorization, and describe the implications of gender in the State Islamic University (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Islamic education lecturer based perspective. This study used a qualitative approach to the type of field research, with qualitative descriptive. So the view of the lecturer described the concept of gender and its application in education. Data was collected by interview, observation, and documentation. Analysis of the data using an interactive model of data analysis, which includes conceptualization, categorization, and descriptions are developed on the basis of the opinion and events obtained when the study took place. The results of the research are: (1) gender has a different meaning from the perspective of Islamic religious education lecturer, the gender balance is based on nature, then an equalization effort in dignity, and a construction based on a social perspective. (2) gender-related exposure categorization was found three categories, namely traditional categories, traditional categories, and the category of convergence. (3) there is a significant gender implications at the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, which looks at the application of Tri Dharma University which includes education-teaching through learning activities and methods, in the field of research through scientific papers and books published, while the shape community service through seminars conducted gender track and jump directly to the public for the introduction of gender

Simulated parameters in all the Monte Carlo simulation experiments.

<p>Simulated parameters in all the Monte Carlo simulation experiments.</p

Diagrammatic representation of ISIS EM-BLASSO algorithm.

<p>Diagrammatic representation of ISIS EM-BLASSO algorithm.</p

Known genes identified only by ISIS EM-BLASSO in the GWAS of six flowering time traits in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

<p>Known genes identified only by ISIS EM-BLASSO in the GWAS of six flowering time traits in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.</p

Standard deviation and absolute bias for QTL estimates in the new method.

<p><i>a</i>: additive effect; <i>d</i>: dominant effect; and <i>var</i>: residual variance.</p

Statistical powers of all the simulated QTNs in the first simulation experiment plotted against Type 1 error (in a log10 scale) for the five GWAS methods (ISIS EM-BLASSO, SCAD, EMMA, FarmCPU, and mrMLM).

<p>Statistical powers of all the simulated QTNs in the first simulation experiment plotted against Type 1 error (in a log10 scale) for the five GWAS methods (ISIS EM-BLASSO, SCAD, EMMA, FarmCPU, and mrMLM).</p

Multi-QTL Mapping for Quantitative Traits Using Epistatic Distorted Markers

<div><p>The interaction between segregation distortion loci (SDL) has been often observed in all kinds of mapping populations. However, little has been known about the effect of epistatic SDL on quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. Here we proposed a multi-QTL mapping approach using epistatic distorted markers. Using the corrected linkage groups, epistatic SDL was identified. Then, these SDL parameters were used to correct the conditional probabilities of QTL genotypes, and these corrections were further incorporated into the new QTL mapping approach. Finally, a set of simulated datasets and a real data in 304 mouse F₂ individuals were used to validate the new method. As compared with the old method, the new one corrects genetic distance between distorted markers, and considers epistasis between two linked SDL. As a result, the power in the detection of QTL is higher for the new method than for the old one, and significant differences for estimates of QTL parameters between the two methods were observed, except for QTL position. Among two QTL for mouse weight, one significant difference for QTL additive effect between the above two methods was observed, because epistatic SDL between markers C66 and T93 exists (<i>P</i> = 2.94e-4).</p></div

for QTL parameters in the paired <i>t</i> test between the old and new methods.

<p><i>p</i>: QTL position; <i>a</i>: additive effect of QTL; <i>d</i>: dominant effect of QTL; <i>var</i>: residual variance. The <i>dashed line</i> represents the critical value at the 0.05 level of significance.</p

An Efficient Hierarchical Generalized Linear Mixed Model for Mapping QTL of Ordinal Traits in Crop Cultivars

<div><p>Many important phenotypic traits in plants are ordinal. However, relatively little is known about the methodologies for ordinal trait association studies. In this study, we proposed a hierarchical generalized linear mixed model for mapping quantitative trait locus (QTL) of ordinal traits in crop cultivars. In this model, all the main-effect QTL and QTL-by-environment interaction were treated as random, while population mean, environmental effect and population structure were fixed. In the estimation of parameters, the pseudo data normal approximation of likelihood function and empirical Bayes approach were adopted. A series of Monte Carlo simulation experiments were performed to confirm the reliability of new method. The result showed that new method works well with satisfactory statistical power and precision. The new method was also adopted to dissect the genetic basis of soybean alkaline-salt tolerance in 257 soybean cultivars obtained, by stratified random sampling, from 6 geographic ecotypes in China. As a result, 6 main-effect QTL and 3 QTL-by-environment interactions were identified.</p> </div

Frequency distribution for soybean alkaline-salt tolerance grade in 2009 (left) and 2010 (right).

<p>Frequency distribution for soybean alkaline-salt tolerance grade in 2009 (left) and 2010 (right).</p