52 research outputs found
Privacy-Preserving Polynomial Computing Over Distributed Data
In this letter, we delve into a scenario where a user aims to compute
polynomial functions using their own data as well as data obtained from
distributed sources. To accomplish this, the user enlists the assistance of
distributed workers, thereby defining a problem we refer to as
privacy-preserving polynomial computing over distributed data. To address this
challenge, we propose an approach founded upon Lagrange encoding. Our method
not only possesses the ability to withstand the presence of stragglers and
byzantine workers but also ensures the preservation of security. Specifically,
even if a coalition of workers collude, they are unable to acquire any
knowledge pertaining to the data originating from the distributed sources or
the user
Multiplexed Streaming Codes for Messages With Different Decoding Delays in Channel with Burst and Random Erasures
In a real-time transmission scenario, messages are transmitted through a
channel that is subject to packet loss. The destination must recover the
messages within the required deadline. In this paper, we consider a setup where
two different types of messages with distinct decoding deadlines are
transmitted through a channel that can introduce burst erasures of a length at
most , or random erasures. The message with a short decoding deadline
is referred to as an urgent message, while the other one with a decoding
deadline () is referred to as a less urgent message.
We propose a merging method to encode two message streams of different
urgency levels into a single flow. We consider the scenario where . We establish that any coding strategy based on this merging approach has a
closed-form upper limit on its achievable sum rate. Moreover, we present
explicit constructions within a finite field that scales quadratically with the
imposed delay, ensuring adherence to the upper bound. In a given parameter
configuration, we rigorously demonstrate that the sum rate of our proposed
streaming codes consistently surpasses that of separate encoding, which serves
as a baseline for comparison
Acute and acute-on-chronic kidney injury of patients with decompensated heart failure: impact on outcomes
DR-SISM: A dual reversible secret image sharing mechanism
Secret image sharing (SIS) technology has received wide attention from researchers due to its multi-party management of secret information. Traditional SIS algorithms usually convert secret information into the shares of noise-like images, which may attract the attention of hackers and cannot be effectively managed. Moreover, for communication scenario with multiple user participation, participants hope to embed additional data in their shares, while the secret image and the embedded additional information to be reversibly recovered. However, the embedding capacity, security, and authentication capability are limited in the existing SIS algorithms. Therefore, this paper proposes a dual reversible secret image sharing mechanism, called DR-SISM, which includes reversible hiding stage and reversible sharing stage. This proposed DR-SISM can simultaneously achieve the reversible recovery of secret image and additional data embedded. In the first stage, a reversible data hiding method is constructed that leverages the predictive technique of median edge detection to obtain the layered label map for capturing a higher embedding load and utilizes the bit-plane replacement technique to embed additional information. In the second stage, a novel (k,n) threshold reversible SIS strategy is presented by employing the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT), which can generate visually meaningful shares. The authentication bits produced by employing the hash function are embedded into the share, which are utilized to compare with the authentication bits owned by users for verifying the identities of the participants before the secret image reconstruction. Through the comparison of advanced SIS algorithms, our proposed DR-SISM in this article is preferred over the recent algorithms in respect of embedding capacity, security, and authentication capability
Effective Conditions for Achieving Carbon Unlocking Targets for Transport Infrastructure Development—Joint Analysis Based on PLS-SEM and NCA
It is important to investigate how to achieve carbon unlocking in the transport sector, especially in transport infrastructure, in order to contribute to the achievement of carbon neutrality targets and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to investigate the necessary and sufficient conditions to achieve carbon unlocking in transport infrastructure. To achieve this, a combination of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) methods have been used to examine whether there are unidentified necessity factors beyond the currently recognized ‘technology-in-institution’ (TIC) lock-in. This study also explores how the carbon unlocking of transport infrastructure can be achieved through the unlocking of relevant factors. The study includes 366 points from a subjective questionnaire from the government, transport infrastructure researchers, and relevant businesspeople. We found that, at the adequacy level, achieving institutional and technological unlocking is sufficient and economic factors have little impact on transport infrastructure (0.06), and that institutional and technical factors have a large impact on carbon unlocking (0.453, 0.280); however, from the necessary point of view, carbon unlocking at the economic level is necessary to achieve the goal of a medium to high level of carbon unlocking. To achieve carbon unlocking at this level (over 50%), a combination of technological, institutional, and economic factors is required. To achieve full carbon unlocking, the technology, system, and economy need to be at least 0.533, 0.791, and 0.63 unlocked. Therefore, we can conclude that by using the joint analysis of PLS-SEM and NCA, we have achieved an extension of the traditional TIC and identified sufficient and necessary conditions to achieve a medium to high degree of carbon unlocking
Particle Growth and Variation of Cloud Condensation Nucleus Activity on Polluted Days with New Particle Formation: A Case Study for Regional Air Pollution in the PRD Region, China
New particle formation (NPF) events on polluted days at a regional supersite in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region and its impact on the abundance and properties of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) were investigated. Nucleation and subsequent significant growth of nanoparticles on a regional scale was observed and representative events on 2 and 6 October 2013 were chosen in this study. The measurements showed that the primary components of the particles were sulfate, ammonium, and organics as they were added continuously to secondary aerosol mass and that particles show inversion from growth to shrink if the particles comprise primarily of organics due to evaporation of semi-volatile species under favorable meteorological conditions. The effective hygroscopicity parameter. of fine particles on 2 October composed of sulfate, nitrate and ammonium (kappa = 0.26-0.42) was larger than that of fine particles on 6 October containing more organics (kappa = 0.19-0.36). Particles in the nucleation mode were observed to grow rapidly to the CCN sizes and dominate the CCN number concentrations at a water vapor supersaturation (S) over 0.46%. At an S range of 0.26-0.86%, the CCN number concentrations reached maximum values of (1.3-2.6) x 10(4) cm(-3) after the NPF event on 2 October. The sulfate component in the particles was found to increase significantly, about 50% higher than that before NPF. Results from events on 6 October showed a significant increase of the organic component and the CCN number concentrations after the NPF event were comparable or slightly lower than those before the event. Nevertheless, the average CCN number concentrations scaled with EC mass concentration with S over 0.46% in the daytime of 2 and 6 October were significantly higher than those on a non-NPF event day.National Natural Science Foundation of China [41303075, U1301234]; major national scientific instrument and equipment development project [2013YQ060569]; Pearl River New Star project on science and technology in Guangzhou [201506010079]SCI(E)[email protected]
Science policy interplay: Air quality management in the Pearl River Delta region and Hong Kong
The information provided by the scientific studies and control measures implemented in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China reveals that tremendous progress has been made in the understanding of regional air pollution issues and the deployment of mitigation measures for alleviating these problems. Given the unparalleled rapid economic growth in the PRD over the past two decades, such progress was only made possible by strong, science-based support and the partnerships between government and research institutions in the region and overseas. Researchers from these partnership programs and related studies have deployed cutting-edge expertise and experience in various crucial mainland China and mainland China/Hong Kong-level projects. China recognizes the importance of protecting the environment and cleaning up the air in the pursuit of sustainable growth and economic development. To avoid falling into a cycle of event-driven clean-up efforts, China has recently taken a major step and updated the national ambient air quality standards. Clearly, China is implementing an increasing number of evidence-based policies to address air pollution problems. Thus, to bring a fresh impetus at a national level, the PRD must maintain and augment the Hong Kong-mainland collaborative momentum, inducing a "whole-China" effort to clean up air pollution. To strengthen the science-based support system and ensure continuous and concerted effort in implementing the regional multi-pollutant control strategy, there must be an over-arching and integral Hong Kong-Guangdong science consortium framework supporting the formulation of regional policy and control measures built on common goals under the "one country, two systems" principle. The "PRD Approach" of the air quality management regime reflected regional cooperative efforts in synchronous air pollutant control, catalyzed the crucial role of information disclosure and subtly transformed the air quality management approach to overcome the nation's new air pollution challenges. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Comparisons of Anatomical Characteristics and Transcriptomic Differences between Heterografts and Homografts in Pyrus L.
Pear (Pyrus L.) is an important temperate fruit worldwide, and grafting is widely used in pear vegetative propagation. However, the mechanisms of graft healing or incompatibility remain poorly understood in Pyrus. To study the differences in graft healing in Pyrus, the homograft “Qingzhen D1/Qingzhen D1” and the heterograft “QAUP-1/Qingzhen D1” as compatibility and incompatibility combinations were compared. Anatomical differences indicated the healing process was faster in homografts than in heterografts. During the healing process, four critical stages in graft union formation were identified in the two types of grafts. The expression of the genes associated with hormone signaling (auxin and cytokinins), and lignin biosynthesis was delayed in the healing process of heterografts. In addition, the PbBglu13 gene, encoded β-glucosidase, was more highly up-regulated in heterografts than in homografts to promote healing. Meanwhile, the most of DEGs related starch and sucrose metabolism were found to be up-regulated in heterografts; those results indicated that cellulose and sugar signals were also involved in graft healing. The results of this study improved the understanding of the differences in the mechanisms of graft healing between homografts and heterografts
Seasonal cycles of secondary organic aerosol tracers in rural Guangzhou, Southern China: The importance of atmospheric oxidants
The Pearl River Delta Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network - Regional Collaborative Efforts on Joint Air Quality Management
In November 2005 the Guangdong and Hong Kong governments established the Pearl River Delta regional air quality monitoring network ("PRD RAQMN"), which represented the first joint regional air pollution and reporting effort in this rapidly developing and heavy-polluted area in southern China. This project has recorded the air quality trends during the 11th Five-Year Plan (FYP), implemented between 2006 and 2010, and will continue to do so throughout the period of economic development and stringent emission control of coal-fired power plants and vehicles that are part of the 12th FYP, to be implemented between 2011 and 2015. The PRD RAQMN serves as a role model for cooperation among local administrative authorities, as well as for the joint prevention and management of air pollution. The PRD RAQMN demonstrates that regional collaboration is critical to address the air pollution problems that China faces in a more effective manner
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