BioCAD: an information fusion platform for bio-network inference and analysis-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "BioCAD: an information fusion platform for bio-network inference and analysis"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/8/S9/S2</p><p>BMC Bioinformatics 2007;8(Suppl 9):S2-S2.</p><p>Published online 27 Nov 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2217660.</p><p></p>of jobs are selected and executed in the Project Explorer Window (left

BioCAD: an information fusion platform for bio-network inference and analysis-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "BioCAD: an information fusion platform for bio-network inference and analysis"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/8/S9/S2</p><p>BMC Bioinformatics 2007;8(Suppl 9):S2-S2.</p><p>Published online 27 Nov 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2217660.</p><p></p>of jobs are selected and executed in the Project Explorer Window (left

Solvent-Free Nanocomposite Colloidal Fluids with Highly Integrated and Tailored Functionalities: Rheological, Ionic Conduction, and Magneto-Optical Properties

We introduce a unique and facile strategy for the preparation of solvent-free nanocomposite colloidal fluids that allows accurate control over the integration of functionalities as well as the composition and dimensions of the nanocomposite structure. For the preparation of colloidal fluids with highly integrated functionalities, oleic acid (OA)-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles (i.e., OA-Fe₃O₄ NPs) and CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were first synthesized in nonpolar solvent. In this case, OA-QDs dispersed in toluene were successively phase transferred to thiol-functionalized imidazolium-type ionic liquid (IL-SH) media with rheological and ionic conduction properties. After the functional NPs were synthesized, amine-functionalized dendrimers and OA-Fe₃O₄ NPs were alternately deposited onto silica colloids (i.e., SiO₂/(dendrimer/OA-Fe₃O₄)<i>_n</i>) using a ligand-exchange-induced LbL-assembly in organic media. Electrostatic LbL-assembled (anionic polyelectrolyte (PE)/cationic IL-SH-QD)<i>_n</i> multilayers were then sequentially adsorbed onto the outermost dendrimer layer of the magnetic colloids. The resulting functional colloidal fluids were devoid of colloidal aggregation and exhibited strong superparamagnetic, fluorescent, rheological, and ionic conduction properties at room temperature. Furthermore, mixtures of photoluminescent colloidal fluids with and without OA-Fe₃O₄ NPs behaved effectively as magneto-optically separable colloidal fluids. Because a variety of inorganic NPs ranging from metal to transition-metal oxides can be easily incorporated into colloidal substrates via LbL-assembly, our approach provides a basis for exploiting and designing functional colloidal fluids with liquidlike behavior at room temperature

Multifunctional Colloids with Optical, Magnetic, and Superhydrophobic Properties Derived from Nucleophilic Substitution-Induced Layer-by-Layer Assembly in Organic Media

We demonstrate the successful preparation of multifunctional silica colloids by coating with 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid (BMPA)-stabilized quantum dots (BMPA-QDs) and BMPA-stabilized iron oxide particles (BMPA-Fe3O4), along with amine-functionalized poly(amidoamine) (PAMA) dendrimers, using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly based on a nucleophilic substitution (NS) reaction between the bromo and amine groups in organic media. The QDs and Fe3O4 nanoparticles used in this study were directly synthesized in a nonpolar solvent (chloroform or toluene), and the oleic acid stabilizers were exchanged with BMPA in the same solvent to minimize chemical and physical damage to the nanoparticles. The direct adsorption of nanoparticles via an NS reaction in organic solvent significantly increased the packing density of the nanoparticles in the lateral dimensions because electrostatic repulsion between neighboring nanoparticles was absent. The multifunctional colloids densely coated with nanoparticles showed excellent characteristics (i.e., superparamagnetism, photoluminescence, and magneto-optical tuning properties) with long-term stability in nonpolar solvents. Furthermore, deposition of the nanocomposite colloids onto flat substrates, followed by coating with a low-surface-energy fluoroalkylsilane polymer, produced a densely packed rugged surface morphology in the colloidal films that displayed superhydrophobic properties with water contact angles greater than 150°

Preparation of Bismuth Telluride Films with High Thermoelectric Power Factor

Highly conductive n-type Bi2Te3 films on a flexible substrate were prepared via electrodeposition followed by a transfer process using an adhesive substrate. The growth of the Bi2Te3 crystals was precisely controlled by an electrochemical deposition potential (Vdep), which was critical to the preferred orientation of the crystal growth along the (110) direction and thus to the properties of a flexible thermoelectric generator (FTEG). A Bi2Te3 film prepared under Vdep of 0.02 V showed high electrical conductivity (691 S cm–1) with a maximum power factor of 1473 μW m–1 K–2, which is the highest among the Bi2Te3 films prepared by the electrodeposition methods. As-prepared FTEG was bendable, showing only a small resistance change after 300 repeated bending cycles. Combined with the n-type Bi2Te3 FTEG, a prototype p-n-type flexible thermoelectric (pn-FTEG) was prepared using p-type poly­(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)­s. The pn-FTEG (5-couples) generated an output voltage of 5 mV at ΔT = 12 K with high output power of 56 nW (or 105 nWg–1). These results indicate that the FTEG can reproducibly work well in a bent state and has high application potential for harvesting thermal energy from curved sources such as human body temperature

Electrically Bistable Properties of Layer-by-Layer Assembled Multilayers Based on Protein Nanoparticles

Electrochemical properties of redox proteins, which can cause the reversible changes in the resistance according to their redox reactions in solution, are of the fundamental and practical importance in bioelectrochemical applications. These redox properties often depend on the chemical activity of transition metal ions as cofactors within the active sites of proteins. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the reversible resistance changes in dried protein films based on ferritin nanoparticles can be caused by the externally applied voltage as a result of charge trap/release of Fe^III/Fe^II redox couples. We also show that one ferritin nanoparticle of about 12 nm size can be operated as a nanoscale-memory device, and furthermore the layer-by-layer assembled protein multilayer devices can be extended to bioinspired electronics with adjustable memory performance <i>via</i> molecular level manipulation

PEDOT as a Flexible Organic Electrode for a Thin Film Acoustic Energy Harvester

An efficient thin film acoustic energy harvester was explored using flexible poly­(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films as electrodes in an all-organic triboelectric generator (AO-TEG). A thin film AO-TEG structured as PEDOT/Kapton//PET/PEDOT was prepared by the solution casting polymerization­(SCP) on the dielectric polymer films. As-prepared AO-TEG showed high flexibility and durability due to the strong adhesion between the electrodes and the dielectric polymer. The short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc), open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc), and maximum power density (Pw) reached 50 mA/m², 700 V, and 12.9 W/m² respectively. The output current density decreased with the increase in the electrode resistance (<i>R</i>_e), but the energy loss in the organic electrodes was negligible. The AO-TEG could light up 180 LEDs instantaneously upon touching of the AO-TEG with a palm (∼120 N). With the flexible structure, the AO-TEG was worn as clothes and generated electricity to light LEDs upon regular human movement. Furthermore, the AO-TEG was applicable as a thin film acoustic energy harvester, which used music to generate electricity enough for powering of 5 LEDs. An AO-TEG with a PEDOT electrode (<i>R</i>_e = 200 Ω) showed instantaneous peak-to-peak voltage generation of 11 V under a sound pressure level (SPL) of 90–100 dB. The harvested acoustic energy through the AO-TEG was 350 μJ from the 4 min playing of the same single song. This is the first demonstration of a flexible triboelectric generator (TEG) using an organic electrode for harvesting acoustic energy from ambient environment

PEDOT as a Flexible Organic Electrode for a Thin Film Acoustic Energy Harvester

An efficient thin film acoustic energy harvester was explored using flexible poly­(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films as electrodes in an all-organic triboelectric generator (AO-TEG). A thin film AO-TEG structured as PEDOT/Kapton//PET/PEDOT was prepared by the solution casting polymerization­(SCP) on the dielectric polymer films. As-prepared AO-TEG showed high flexibility and durability due to the strong adhesion between the electrodes and the dielectric polymer. The short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc), open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc), and maximum power density (Pw) reached 50 mA/m², 700 V, and 12.9 W/m² respectively. The output current density decreased with the increase in the electrode resistance (<i>R</i>_e), but the energy loss in the organic electrodes was negligible. The AO-TEG could light up 180 LEDs instantaneously upon touching of the AO-TEG with a palm (∼120 N). With the flexible structure, the AO-TEG was worn as clothes and generated electricity to light LEDs upon regular human movement. Furthermore, the AO-TEG was applicable as a thin film acoustic energy harvester, which used music to generate electricity enough for powering of 5 LEDs. An AO-TEG with a PEDOT electrode (<i>R</i>_e = 200 Ω) showed instantaneous peak-to-peak voltage generation of 11 V under a sound pressure level (SPL) of 90–100 dB. The harvested acoustic energy through the AO-TEG was 350 μJ from the 4 min playing of the same single song. This is the first demonstration of a flexible triboelectric generator (TEG) using an organic electrode for harvesting acoustic energy from ambient environment

PEDOT as a Flexible Organic Electrode for a Thin Film Acoustic Energy Harvester

An efficient thin film acoustic energy harvester was explored using flexible poly­(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films as electrodes in an all-organic triboelectric generator (AO-TEG). A thin film AO-TEG structured as PEDOT/Kapton//PET/PEDOT was prepared by the solution casting polymerization­(SCP) on the dielectric polymer films. As-prepared AO-TEG showed high flexibility and durability due to the strong adhesion between the electrodes and the dielectric polymer. The short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc), open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc), and maximum power density (Pw) reached 50 mA/m², 700 V, and 12.9 W/m² respectively. The output current density decreased with the increase in the electrode resistance (<i>R</i>_e), but the energy loss in the organic electrodes was negligible. The AO-TEG could light up 180 LEDs instantaneously upon touching of the AO-TEG with a palm (∼120 N). With the flexible structure, the AO-TEG was worn as clothes and generated electricity to light LEDs upon regular human movement. Furthermore, the AO-TEG was applicable as a thin film acoustic energy harvester, which used music to generate electricity enough for powering of 5 LEDs. An AO-TEG with a PEDOT electrode (<i>R</i>_e = 200 Ω) showed instantaneous peak-to-peak voltage generation of 11 V under a sound pressure level (SPL) of 90–100 dB. The harvested acoustic energy through the AO-TEG was 350 μJ from the 4 min playing of the same single song. This is the first demonstration of a flexible triboelectric generator (TEG) using an organic electrode for harvesting acoustic energy from ambient environment

PEDOT as a Flexible Organic Electrode for a Thin Film Acoustic Energy Harvester

An efficient thin film acoustic energy harvester was explored using flexible poly­(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films as electrodes in an all-organic triboelectric generator (AO-TEG). A thin film AO-TEG structured as PEDOT/Kapton//PET/PEDOT was prepared by the solution casting polymerization­(SCP) on the dielectric polymer films. As-prepared AO-TEG showed high flexibility and durability due to the strong adhesion between the electrodes and the dielectric polymer. The short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc), open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc), and maximum power density (Pw) reached 50 mA/m², 700 V, and 12.9 W/m² respectively. The output current density decreased with the increase in the electrode resistance (<i>R</i>_e), but the energy loss in the organic electrodes was negligible. The AO-TEG could light up 180 LEDs instantaneously upon touching of the AO-TEG with a palm (∼120 N). With the flexible structure, the AO-TEG was worn as clothes and generated electricity to light LEDs upon regular human movement. Furthermore, the AO-TEG was applicable as a thin film acoustic energy harvester, which used music to generate electricity enough for powering of 5 LEDs. An AO-TEG with a PEDOT electrode (<i>R</i>_e = 200 Ω) showed instantaneous peak-to-peak voltage generation of 11 V under a sound pressure level (SPL) of 90–100 dB. The harvested acoustic energy through the AO-TEG was 350 μJ from the 4 min playing of the same single song. This is the first demonstration of a flexible triboelectric generator (TEG) using an organic electrode for harvesting acoustic energy from ambient environment