20,471 research outputs found
Effects of Length and Diameter of Open-Ended Coaxial Sensor on its Reflection Coefficient
This paper presents a calibration technique for a coaxial sensor using a transmission signal approach. The sensor was fabricated from commercially available RG402/U and RG405/U semi-rigid coaxial cable. The length of the coaxial sensor was correlated with the attenuation and standing wave inside the coaxial line. The functions of multiple reflection amplitude and tolerance length with respect to the actual length of coaxial line were empirically formulated using regression analysis. The tolerances and the undesired standing wave which occurs along the coaxial line were analyzed in detai
Profiles of thermal line emission from advection dominated accretion flows
Recently, Narayan & Raymond (1999) proposed that the thermal emission lines
from the hot plasma in advection dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) are
potentially observable with the next generation of X-ray observatories, with
which the physical properties of some X-ray sources can be probed. In ADAFs,
the temperature of the ion is so high that the thermal broadening of the line
is important. We calculate the profiles of thermal line emission from ADAFs, in
which both the thermal and Doppler broadening have been considered. It is found
that the double-peaked profiles are present for high inclination angles between
the axis of disk and the line of sight. The double-peaked profiles are smeared
in low inclination cases, and completely disappear while the inclination angle
is less than , where the thermal and turbulent broadening dominated
on the line profiles. We also note that the thermal line profile is affected by
the location of the transition radius of ADAF. The self-similar
height-integrated disk structure and the emissivity with power-law dependence
of radius are adopted in our calculations. The results obtained in this work
can be used as a diagnosis on the future X-ray observations of the thermal
lines. Some important physical quantities of ADAFs could be inferred from
future thermal line observations.Comment: 7 page
Optical isolation with nonlinear topological photonics
It is shown that the concept of topological phase transitions can be used to
design nonlinear photonic structures exhibiting power thresholds and
discontinuities in their transmittance. This provides a novel route to devising
nonlinear optical isolators. We study three representative designs: (i) a
waveguide array implementing a nonlinear 1D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model,
(ii) a waveguide array implementing a nonlinear 2D Haldane model, and (iii) a
2D lattice of coupled-ring waveguides. In the first two cases, we find a
correspondence between the topological transition of the underlying linear
lattice and the power threshold of the transmittance, and show that the
transmission behavior is attributable to the emergence of a self-induced
topological soliton. In the third case, we show that the topological transition
produces a discontinuity in the transmittance curve, which can be exploited to
achieve sharp jumps in the power-dependent isolation ratio.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
A Simplified Scheme of Estimation and Cancellation of Companding Noise for Companded Multicarrier Transmission Systems
Nonlinear companding transform is an efficient method to reduce the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of multicarrier transmission systems. However, the introduced companding noise greatly degrades the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the companded multicarrier systems. In this paper, a simplified but effective scheme of estimation and cancellation of companding noise for the companded multicarrier transmission system is proposed. By expressing the companded signals as the summation of original signals added with a companding noise component, and subtracting this estimated companding noise from the received signals, the BER performance of the overall system can be significantly improved. Simulation results well confirm the great advantages of the proposed scheme over other conventional decompanding or no decompanding schemes under various situations
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