Size-Selected Submicron Gold Spheres: Controlled Assembly onto Metal, Carbon, and Plastic Substrates

Size-selected submicron spheres become very useful building blocks if the spheres could be synthesized and integrated at any desired position. In particular, spheres having a similar size to visible-light wavelength have attracted much attention. Here, we show the synthesis and assembly of size-selected submicron gold spheres using pulsed laser ablation of a gold plate in a supercritical fluid. Four findings were obtained in the study. Submicron spheres with a narrow size distribution were generated, and the polydispersity was ≈ 6%. The average diameter was controlled from 600 to 1000 nm. A thermodynamic condition for scalable synthesis was found. The assembly of spheres onto a metal, carbon, or plastic substrate was accomplished

Synthesis and Antimuscarinic Properties of Quinuclidin-3-yl 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylate Derivatives as Novel Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists

In the course of continuing efforts to develop potent and bladder-selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists, quinuclidin-3-yl 1-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylate derivatives and related compounds were designed as conformationally restricted analogues of quinuclidin-3-yl benzhydrylcarbamate (8). Binding assays with rat muscarinic receptor subtypes revealed that the quinuclidin-3-yl 1-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylate derivatives showed high affinities for the M3 receptor, and selectivity for the M3 receptor over the M2 receptor. Of these derivatives, (+)-(1S,3'R)-quinuclidin-3'-yl 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylate monohydrochloride (9b) exhibited almost the same inhibitory activity against bladder contraction to that of oxybutynin (1), and more than 10-fold selectivity for bladder contraction versus salivary secretion, demonstrating that 9b may be useful for the treatment of symptoms associated with overactive bladder without having side effects such as dry mouth

sj-docx-1-car-10.1177_19476035231193087 – Supplemental material for Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Polyglycolic Acid Meniscal Scaffold for Irreparable Meniscal Tear

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-car-10.1177_19476035231193087 for Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Polyglycolic Acid Meniscal Scaffold for Irreparable Meniscal Tear by Shuhei Otsuki, Shunsuke Sezaki, Yoshinori Okamoto, Takashi Ishitani, Hitoshi Wakama and Masashi Neo in CARTILAGE</p

Hyaluronic acid promotes proliferation and migration of human meniscus cells via a CD44-dependent mechanism

Purpose: Treatment of meniscal injury is important for osteoarthritis (OA) prevention. Meniscus cells are divided between inner and outer cells, which have different characteristics and vascularity. We evaluated the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the proliferation and migration of human inner and outer meniscus cells, and investigated the underlying healing mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Lateral menisci from 18 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were used. Meniscus cells were harvested from the outer and inner menisci and evaluated using migration and proliferation assays after treatment with HA or chondroitin sulfate (CS). The effects of HA on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced apoptosis and gene expression were evaluated. Results: Cell migration and proliferation were increased by HA in a concentration-dependent manner, in both inner and outer meniscus cells. PGE2-induced apoptosis and caspase-3/7 activity were suppressed by HA in both inner and outer meniscus cells, and these effects were blocked by an anti-CD44 antibody. COL2A1 and ACAN mRNA levels were upregulated following HA treatment of inner meniscus cells. MMP13 mRNA was downregulated following CS stimulation of both inner and outer meniscus cells. These results suggest that CS treatment suppresses the inflammatory reaction rather than providing meniscal restoration. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were activated by HA in both types of meniscus cells; these effects were blocked by treatment with an anti-CD44 antibody. Conclusions: HA promoted human meniscus regeneration by inhibiting apoptosis, promoting cell migration, and accelerating cell proliferation, potentially through the PI3K/MAPK pathway via the CD44 receptor.</p

sj-docx-1-car-10.1177_19476035221137724 – Supplemental material for Impact of the Weightbearing Line on Cartilage Regeneration of the Medial Knee Compartment after Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy, Based on Second-Look Arthroscopy

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-car-10.1177_19476035221137724 for Impact of the Weightbearing Line on Cartilage Regeneration of the Medial Knee Compartment after Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy, Based on Second-Look Arthroscopy by Shuhei Otsuki, Kuniaki Ikeda, Takashi Ishitani, Yoshinori Okamoto, Hitoshi Wakama, Junya Matsuyama, Kaito Nakamura and Masashi Neo in CARTILAGE</p

Relative expression of Shati/Nat8l mRNA in mice administered saline or Meth.

<p>Real-time RT-PCR was performed to quantify Shati/Nat8l mRNA in mice treated with saline (white bar) or MAP (black bar) from (a) nucleus accumbens (NAc), (b) hippocampus (HIP) and (c) cerebellum (CB). Primers used for each PCR are shown in the text. Data were normalized to 36B4 expression. The fold-change in expression of Shati/Nat8l mRNA was calculated using the ΔΔCT method. Data were plotted as the mean ± SEM. n = 6–8 mice. Significance is set at *p < 0.01.</p

The methylation profiles of <i>Shati/Nat8l</i> DNA from mouse brain (A) and cardiac blood (B).

<p>The promoter region of <i>Shati/Nat8</i> was analyzed in DNA collected from (a) nucleus accumbens (NAc), (b) hippocampus (HIP), (c) cerebellum (CB) and (B) cardiac blood (BLD) of mice. The methylation ratios of each CpG unit and the average of the region are represented. Saline and Meth groups are indicated by white and black bars, respectively. Data are plotted as the mean ± SEM. n = 6 mice. Significance is set at *p < 0.05.</p

The methylation profiles of <i>Shati/Nat8l</i> DNA of mice blood.

<p>The methylation profiles of <i>Shati/Nat8l</i> DNA of mice blood.</p

The methylation profiles of <i>SHATI/NAT8L</i> DNA from the human blood.

<p>The methylation profiles of <i>SHATI/NAT8L</i> DNA from the human blood.</p