S2 Fig -

Distribution of urine albumin (upper two figures), urinary creatinine (middle figure), and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (lower two figures) in Korean men. (DOCX)</p

Fig 4 -

Relationship between albuminuria and FRS in Korean women (A) and men (B). Urine albumin-to-creatine ratio was categorized into 20 groups (x-axes) based on ascending order. FRS was calculated based on the equation provided by a study [22]. Abbreviation: FRS, Framingham risk score.</p

S1 Fig -

Distribution of urine albumin (upper two figures), urinary creatinine (middle figure), and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (lower two figures) in Korean women. (DOCX)</p

Fig 1 -

UACRs according to CVD status in Korean women (A) and men (B). Left side boxplots (grey and brown colored boxes) indicate median-based summary statistics; specifically, the middle, upper, and lower lines describe median, 75, and 25 percentile values, respectively. Right side boxplots indicate mean-based summary statistics, in which the middle, upper, and lower lines illustrate mean, one standard deviation values, respectively.</p

Fig 3 -

Relationship between albuminuria and cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean women (A) and men (B). Top four graphs (i.e., age, TC, HDL-C, SBP) were obtained by multivariate linear regression after setting the four predictors arranged separately as dependent variables. UACR was determined as the independent variable, and other remnant six predictors as covariates. The lower three graphs (i.e., AHM, smoking, diabetes) were obtained by multivariate logistic regression set to the same conditions as the multivariate linear regression. All x-axes indicate beta-coefficients obtained from the multivariate linear or logistic regressions. UACR levels were log-transformed for the associational analyses. Abbreviations: TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HTN Med, hypertension medication; DM, diabetes mellitus.</p

Sex-specific characteristics according to UACR tertile.

Sex-specific characteristics according to UACR tertile.</p

Table_1_The association between implementation of multidisciplinary rounds and clinical outcomes.DOCX

BackgroundMultidisciplinary rounds (MDR) consisting of social workers, dietitians, pharmacists, physical therapists, nurses, and physicians have been implemented at many healthcare institutions to address the complex components of inpatient care. However, little is known on the association of MDR on clinical outcomes across cardiovascular pathologies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MDR on cardiovascular patients.MethodsHospital admissions to inpatient cardiology were evaluated prior to (November 2017 to November 2018) and after implementation of MDR (December 2018 to August 2020) at a metropolitan academic medical center. The following outcomes were evaluated: clinical complications (incidence of stroke, gastrointestinal bleed, myocardial infarction, or systemic infection during hospitalization), Length of Stay (LOS), 30-day readmissions and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included utilization of physical therapy and dietary services.ResultsAdmissions were evaluated prior to (N = 1054) and after (N = 1659) MDR implementation. All-cause in-hospital mortality after MDR implementation decreased significantly from 2.8 to 1.6% (P = 0.03). Although the number of complications and LOS decreased, these differences were not statistically significant. No significant change was observed in 30-day readmissions. Significant increase in the utilization of physical therapy (34.2 to 53.5%; P ConclusionMultidisciplinary rounds implementation was associated with significantly decreased mortality and positively impacted resource utilization with increased consultations for ancillary services. MDR is a high impact intervention that utilizes existing resources to improve mortality and should be implemented especially for cardiovascular patients. Further investigation into the benefit of MDR across different patient populations and care settings is warranted.</p

Fig 2 -

Relationship between UACR and cardiometabolic risk factors in Korean women (A) and men (B). Beta values were measured by linear regression after setting continuous variables, including age, TC, HDL-C, and SBP as dependent variables and UACR subgroups as independent variables. In case of features exhibiting binomial distribution, such as AHM use, smoking, and diabetes, the ratio of presence of disease or status was set as the dependent variable in the linear regression for the calculation of the Beta value. Abbreviations: UACR, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio; Beta, beta-coefficient; AHM, anti-hypertensive medication; HDL-C. high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol.</p