A simple and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of tyrosine and its metabolites in human urine

In this paper, a fast and reliable method was developed for simultaneous quantification of tyrosine, 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, 4-hydroxyphenyl lactic acid, 3-4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid, 4-hydroxyphenethyl amine and 3-4-hydroxyphenyl alanine in human urine by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The sample preparation procedure was simplified to obtain a fast analysis in terms of diluting the urine with ultrapure water and centrifuging pre-analysis. After estimating the matrix effect, matrix-matched calibration curves were used to equalize the matrix effect, and both chromatographic and MS conditions were optimized. To verify the reliability of this method, the performances of this method were validated carefully in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, sensitivity, stability and carryover effect. The validation results showed that, the calibration cures were linear (correlation coefficients above 0.999), and the limits of detection and limits of quantification for the analytes were in the range of 0.003–0.081 mg/L and 0.010–0.270 mg/L, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 85.5–110.0%, with RSDs of 0.8–4.2%. This method was further applied to human urine samples from normal people and cancer patients. All the results showed that this study might be helpful for development of noninvasive methods for cancer biomarkers discovering.</p

Preventive and therapeutic effects of pigment and polysaccharides in <i>Lycium barbarum</i> on alcohol-induced fatty liver disease in mice

This study aims to explore the preventive and therapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum pigment (LP) and polysaccharides (LBPs) on alcohol-induced fatty liver disease (AFLD) in mice, through the measurement of serum and hepatic biochemical indexes, morphologic pathological observation and expression of metabolism-related genes. The results showed that LP and LBPs were non-toxic. The body weight, liver index, and lipid metabolic indexes were significantly inhibited by LP and LBPs. Besides, LP and LBPs could protect liver from oxidative injury and allergy, as suggested by increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Furthermore, through RT-PCR, LP, and LBPs were found to regulate liver injury related metabolism by increasing expression of AMPKα2 mRNA and reducing expressions of SREBP-1c, CYP2E1, TLR4, and Myd88 mRNA. Therefore, Lycium barbarum may be developed as a potential functional food regarding preventing and treating AFLD.</p

Additional file 2 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 2. sTable 1 The sample size of each 2-year survey circle in this Study

Additional file 23 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 23. sTable 22 Trend in control rate of blood pressure among metabolic syndrome from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 18 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 18. sTable 17 Trend in intervention of physical activity among metabolic syndrome from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 13 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 13. sTable 12 Change in distribution of characteristics among elevated triglyceride from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 20 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 20. sTable 19 Trend in control rate of HbA1camong metabolic syndrome from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 21 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 21. sTable 20 Trend in control rate of triglyceride among metabolic syndrome from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 14 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 14. sTable 13 Change in distribution of characteristics among obesity from 1999 to 2018

Additional file 16 of Trends and influence factors in the prevalence, intervention, and control of metabolic syndrome among US adults, 1999–2018

Additional file 16. sTable 15 Trend in treatment of glucose lowering medication among metabolic syndrome from 1999 to 2018