Water Pipeline Leakage Detection Based on Machine Learning and Wireless Sensor Networks

The detection of water pipeline leakage is important to ensure that water supply networks can operate safely and conserve water resources. To address the lack of intelligent and the low efficiency of conventional leakage detection methods, this paper designs a leakage detection method based on machine learning and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The system employs wireless sensors installed on pipelines to collect data and utilizes the 4G network to perform remote data transmission. A leakage triggered networking method is proposed to reduce the wireless sensor network’s energy consumption and prolong the system life cycle effectively. To enhance the precision and intelligence of leakage detection, we propose a leakage identification method that employs the intrinsic mode function, approximate entropy, and principal component analysis to construct a signal feature set and that uses a support vector machine (SVM) as a classifier to perform leakage detection. Simulation analysis and experimental results indicate that the proposed leakage identification method can effectively identify the water pipeline leakage and has lower energy consumption than the networking methods used in conventional wireless sensor networks

N-Cyclo­hexyl-2-(5-meth­oxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetamide

In the title compound, C17H20N2O3, the cyclo­hexane ring adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into layers parallel to the ac plane

Bis(μ-3-carb­oxy-2-oxidobenzoato)-κ3O1,O 2:O 3;κ3 O 3:O1,O 2-bis­[aqua­(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)copper(II)]

In the centrosymmetric dinuclear complex, [Cu2(C8H4O5)2(C10H8N2)2(H2O)2], the CuII ion is coordinated by two N atoms from a bipyridine ligand, three O atoms from two 3-carb­oxy-2-oxidobenzoate dianions and the O atom of the water mol­ecule in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The Cu—-O(H) coordination [2.931 (3) Å] is very weak. In the crystal structure, the dinuclear units are linked into a two-dimensional network parallel to (010) by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

The Role of Pre-Existing Diabetes Mellitus on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence and Prognosis: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

The impact of pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and prognosis is complex and unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between pre-existing diabetes mellitus and hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence and prognosis.We searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library from their inception to January, 2011 for prospective epidemiological studies assessing the effect of pre-existing diabetes mellitus on hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence, mortality outcomes, cancer recurrence, and treatment-related complications. Study-specific risk estimates were combined by using fixed effect or random effect models.The database search generated a total of 28 prospective studies that met the inclusion criteria. Among these studies, 14 reported the risk of HCC incidence and 6 studies reported risk of HCC specific mortality. Six studies provided a total of 8 results for all-cause mortality in HCC patients. Four studies documented HCC recurrence risks and 2 studies reported risks for hepatic decomposition occurrence in HCC patients. Meta-analysis indicated that pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) was significantly associated with increased risk of HCC incidence [meta-relative risk (RR) = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-2.27] and HCC-specific mortality (meta-RR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.39-2.55) compared with their non-DM counterparts. HCC patients with pre-existing DM had a 38% increased (95% CI: 1.13-1.48) risk of death from all-causes and 91% increased (95%CI: 1.41-2.57) risk of hepatic decomposition occurrence compared to those without DM. In DM patients, the meta-RR for HCC recurrence-free survival was 1.93(95%CI: 1.12-3.33) compared with non-diabetic patients.The findings from the current meta-analysis suggest that DM may be both associated with elevated risks of both HCC incidence and mortality. Furthermore, HCC patients with pre-existing diabetes have a poorer prognosis relative to their non-diabetic counterparts

Merger-induced star formation in low-metallicity dwarf galaxy NGC 4809/4810

The physical mechanisms driving starbursts in dwarf galaxies are unclear, and the effects of mergers on star formation in these galaxies are still uncertain. We explore how the merger process affects star formation in metal-poor dwarf galaxies by analyzing high-spatial-resolution ($\sim$ 70 pc) integral field spectrograph observations of ionized gas. We use archival data from the Very Large Telescope/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer to map the spatial distribution of strong emission lines (e.g., $\rm H\beta$, $\rm H\alpha$, $\rm [OIII]\lambda5007$, $\rm [NII]\lambda6583$, etc) in the nearby merging star-forming dwarf galaxy system NGC 4809/4810. We identify approximately 112 star-forming knots scattered among the two galaxies, where the gas-phase metallicity distribution is inhomogeneous and mixing with metal-poor and metal-rich ionized gas. Star-forming knots at the interacting region show lower metallicity, the highest star formation rates (SFRs) and SFR to resolved main-sequence-relation (rMSR) ratios. Ionized gas exhibits an obvious northeast-southwest velocity gradient in NGC 4809, while seemingly mixed in NGC 4810. High virial parameters and the stellar mass-size relation of HII regions indicate that these regions are dominated by direct radiation pressure from massive stars/clusters and persistently expanding. We find two different stellar mass surface density-stellar age relations in NGC 4809 and NGC 4810, and the stellar ages of NGC 4810 are systematically younger than in NGC 4809. Our study suggests that the merging stage of two dwarf galaxies can induce starburst activities at the interaction areas, despite the metal-deficient environment. Considering the high specific SFRs and different stellar ages, we propose that the interaction initially triggered star formation in NGC 4809 and then drove star formation in NGC 4810.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in A&

Non-coding RNAs participate in the regulatory network of CLDN4 via ceRNA mediated miRNA evasion

AbstractThousands of genes have been well demonstrated to play important roles in cancer progression. As genes do not function in isolation, they can be grouped into “networks” based on their interactions. In this study, we discover a network regulating Claudin-4 in gastric cancer. We observe that Claudin-4 is up-regulated in gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Claudin-4 reinforce proliferation, invasion, and EMT in AGS, HGC-27, and SGC-7901 cells, which could be reversed by miR-596 and miR-3620-3p. In addition, lncRNA-KRTAP5-AS1 and lncRNA-TUBB2A could act as competing endogenous RNAs to affect the function of Claudin-4. Our results suggest that non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulatory network of Claudin-4. As such, non-coding RNAs should be considered as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets against gastric cancer.</jats:p