Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Graphene Oxide and DNA into Multifunctional Hydrogels

Graphene and its functionalized derivatives are unique and versatile building blocks for self-assembly to fabricate graphene-based functional materials with hierarchical microstructures. Here we report a strategy for three-dimensional self-assembly of graphene oxide sheets and DNA to form multifunctional hydrogels. The hydrogels possess high mechanical strength, environmental stability, and dye-loading capacity, and a exhibit self-healing property. This study provides a new insight for the assembly of functionalized graphene with other building blocks, especially biomolecules, which will help rational design and preparation of hierarchical graphene-based materials

Performance Enhancement of ZnO Photocatalyst via Synergic Effect of Surface Oxygen Defect and Graphene Hybridization

ZnO_1–<i>x</i>/graphene hybrid photocatalyst was prepared via a facile in-situ reduction of graphene oxide and ZnO_1–<i>x</i> surface defect oxide. The hybrid photocatlayst showed enhanced photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of methylene blue. The photocorrosion of ZnO_1–x was successfully inhibited by graphene hybridation. ZnO_1–<i>x</i>/graphene hybrid photocatalyst with 1.2 wt % graphene showed the optimized photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO_1–<i>x</i>/graphene-1.2 wt % under visible and UV light was about 4.6 and 1.2 times that of ZnO_1–<i>x</i> sample, respectively. The photocurrent intensity of ZnO_1–<i>x</i> under visible and UV light irradiation can be enhanced by 2 and 3.5 times by graphene hybridization. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity and photocurrent intensity in ZnO_1–<i>x</i>/graphene was attributed to the synergistic effect between graphene and ZnO_1–<i>x</i> for high separation efficiency of photoinduced electron–hole pairs mainly resulting from the promotion of HOMO orbit of graphene and the O_i″ defect level of ZnO_1–<i>x</i> in ZnO_1–<i>x</i>/graphene

Additional file 1 of Complex interplay of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), fractures, and osteoporosis: a mendelian randomization study

Supplementary Material 1: Supplementary Material Supplementary Figure 1, 4, 7, 10 and 10-22 showed the leave one out plot of NDDs on bone fractures and osteoporosis; Figure 2, 5, 8 and 22 showed the funnel plot of NDDs on bone fractures and osteoporosis; Figure 3, 6, 9 and 23 showed the scatter plot of NDDs on bone fractures and osteoporosis. Supplementary Figure 24-26 showed the leave one out plot bone fractures and osteoporosis on NDDs; Supplementary Figure 27-29 showed the funnel plot bone fractures and osteoporosis on NDDs; Supplementary Figure 30-32 showed the scatter plot bone fractures and osteoporosis on NDD

Vertically Aligned Oxygenated-CoS₂–MoS₂ Heteronanosheet Architecture from Polyoxometalate for Efficient and Stable Overall Water Splitting

To achieve efficient conversion of renewable energy sources through water splitting, low-cost, earth-abundant, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are required. Herein, vertically aligned oxygenated-CoS₂–MoS₂ (O-CoMoS) heteronanosheets grown on flexible carbon fiber cloth as bifunctional electrocatalysts have been produced by use of the Anderson-type (NH₄)₄[Co^IIMo₆O₂₄H₆]·6H₂O polyoxometalate as bimetal precursor. In comparison to different O-FeMoS, O-NiMoS, and MoS₂ nanosheet arrays, the O-CoMoS heteronanosheet array exhibited low overpotentials of 97 and 272 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^–2 in alkaline solution for the HER and OER, respectively. Assembled as an electrolyzer for overall water splitting, O-CoMoS heteronanosheets as both the anode and cathode deliver a current density of 10 mA cm^–2 at a quite low cell voltage of 1.6 V. This O-CoMoS architecture is highly advantageous for a disordered structure, exposure of active heterointerfaces, a “highway” of charge transport on two-dimensional conductive channels, and abundant active catalytic sites from the synergistic effect of the heterostructures, accomplishing a dramatically enhanced performance for the OER, HER, and overall water splitting. This work represents a feasible strategy to explore efficient and stable bifunctional bimetal sulfide electrocatalysts for renewable energy applications

Vertically Aligned Oxygenated-CoS₂–MoS₂ Heteronanosheet Architecture from Polyoxometalate for Efficient and Stable Overall Water Splitting

To achieve efficient conversion of renewable energy sources through water splitting, low-cost, earth-abundant, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are required. Herein, vertically aligned oxygenated-CoS₂–MoS₂ (O-CoMoS) heteronanosheets grown on flexible carbon fiber cloth as bifunctional electrocatalysts have been produced by use of the Anderson-type (NH₄)₄[Co^IIMo₆O₂₄H₆]·6H₂O polyoxometalate as bimetal precursor. In comparison to different O-FeMoS, O-NiMoS, and MoS₂ nanosheet arrays, the O-CoMoS heteronanosheet array exhibited low overpotentials of 97 and 272 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^–2 in alkaline solution for the HER and OER, respectively. Assembled as an electrolyzer for overall water splitting, O-CoMoS heteronanosheets as both the anode and cathode deliver a current density of 10 mA cm^–2 at a quite low cell voltage of 1.6 V. This O-CoMoS architecture is highly advantageous for a disordered structure, exposure of active heterointerfaces, a “highway” of charge transport on two-dimensional conductive channels, and abundant active catalytic sites from the synergistic effect of the heterostructures, accomplishing a dramatically enhanced performance for the OER, HER, and overall water splitting. This work represents a feasible strategy to explore efficient and stable bifunctional bimetal sulfide electrocatalysts for renewable energy applications

PUD@HA/PEEK Scaffold Induces Subchondral Bone Regeneration to Repair Osteochondral Defect in Rabbits

Osteochondral defects (OCDs) pose a significant challenge in clinical practice, and recent advancements in their repair indicate that satisfying subchondral bone repair may be critical for this. Herein, a series of hydroxyapatite/poly(ether ether ketone) (HA/PEEK) scaffolds were fabricated with varying mass percentages (0, 20, 30, and 40%) to induce subchondral bone regeneration. Subsequently, an optimal scaffold with 40% HA/PEEK was selected to establish osteochondral scaffolds with poly(ether urethane) urea-Danshensu (PUD) for repairing the OCD. The material characteristics of HA/PEEK and PUD were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, tensile, swelling, and fatigue tests, and cytological experiments. The effects of serial HA/PEEK scaffolds on subchondral bone repair were then assessed by using microcomputed tomography, hard tissue slicing, and histological staining. Furthermore, the optimal 40% HA/PEEK scaffold was used to develop osteochondral scaffolds with PUD to observe the effect on the OCD repair. HA/PEEK materials exhibited an even HA distribution in PEEK. However, when composited with HA, PEEK exhibited inferior mechanical strength. 40%HA/PEEK scaffolds showed an optimum effect on in vivo subchondral bone repair. Cartilage regeneration on 40%HA/PEEK scaffolds was pronounced. After PUD was introduced onto the HA/PEEK, the PUD@40%HA/PEEK scaffold produced the expected effect on the repair of the OCD in rabbits. Therefore, achieving satisfactory subchondral bone repair can benefit surficial cartilage repair. The PUD@40%HA/PEEK scaffold could induce subchondral bone regeneration to repair the OCD in rabbits and could provide a novel approach for the repair of the OCD in clinical practice

Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Nanorods as a Transparent Conducting Electrode for Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Water by Hematite

We report the growth of well-defined antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanorods as a conductive scaffold to improve hematite’s photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance. The hematite grown on ATO exhibits greatly improved performance for photoelectrochemical water oxidation compared to hematite grown on flat fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). The optimized photocurrent density of hematite on ATO is 0.67 mA/cm² (0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl), which is much larger than the photocurrent density of hematite on flat FTO (0.03 mA/cm²). Using H₂O₂ as a hole scavenger, it is shown that the ATO nanorods indeed act as a useful scaffold and enhanced the bulk charge separation efficiency of hematite from 2.5% to 18% at 0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl

Data_Sheet_1_Prognosis of ischemic stroke predicted by machine learning based on multi-modal MRI radiomics.docx

ObjectiveIncreased risk of stroke is highly associated with psychiatric disorders. We aimed to conduct the machine learning model based on multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics predicting the prognosis of ischemic stroke.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 148 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation artery occlusion. Based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, patients were divided into good (mRS ≤ 2) and poor (mRS > 2) outcome groups. Segmentation of the infarct region was performed by manually outlining a mask of the lesion on diffusion-weighted images (DWI) using MRIcron software. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fluid decay inversion recoverage (FLAIR), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and T1-weighted (T1w) images were aligned to the DWI images and the radiomic features within the lesion area were extracted for each image modality. The calculations were done using pyradiomics software and a total of 4,744 stroke-related imaging features were automatically calculated. Next, feature selection based on recursive feature elimination was used for each modality and three radiomic features were extracted from each modality plus one feature from the lesion mask, for a total of 16 radiomic features. At last, five machine learning (ML) models were trained and tested to predict stroke prognosis, calculate the received operating characteristic (ROC) curves and other parameters, evaluate the performance of the models and validate their predictive efficacy by five-fold cross-validation.ResultsSixteen radiomic features were selected to construct the ML models for prognostic classification. By five-fold cross-validation, light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) model-based muti-modal MRI radiomic features performed best in binary prognostic classification with accuracy of 0.831, sensitivity of 0.739, specificity of 0.902, F1-score of 0.788 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.902.ConclusionThe ML models based on muti-modal MRI radiomics are of high value for predicting clinical outcomes in acute stroke patients.</p

Photostable Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizer Nanoparticle/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Efficient Photodynamic Tooth Bleaching

In this work, a highly efficient photodynamic strategy for bleaching teeth was developed, and the strategy was based on aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer nanoparticles that were embedded in a hyaluronic acid hydrogel. The bleaching effect of the photosensitizer (PS) nanoparticle hydrogel was much better than that of the 40% H2O2 hydrogel used in the clinic. Both PSs exhibited an excellent photostability and ability to produce reactive oxygen species under light irradiation, and this significantly influenced the tooth bleaching effect. Upon white light irradiation, the increase in pulp cavity temperature remained under the safety threshold of 5.5 °C, which indicates that the photodynamic bleaching strategy is very safe. Furthermore, the microstructure damage in the enamel surface and the loss of minerals in the teeth were much less severe with this method than with the 40% H2O2 hydrogel treatment