Table_1_Pathological Role of Natural Killer Cells in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.docx

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the common neurodegenerative diseases that is characterized by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and misfolding of α-synuclein into aggregates is thought to contribute to its pathology. Studies have shown that immune-inflammatory responses are involved in the development of PD and play an important role in α-synuclein scavenge. Natural killer (NK) cells are first responders in immune cells and can directly promote immune defense mechanisms by cytotoxicity and by secreting cytokines. Recent discoveries suggest that NK cells are increasingly recognized in the pathological features of PD. However, the mechanisms underlying it have not been fully understood. In this review, we systematically retrieved and evaluated published evidence about the functions of NK cells in PD. We find alterations in the number of NK cells and cytotoxicity during the progression of PD, and it seems that NK cells play a neuroprotective role in PD pathogenesis, which may further reveal novel targets for the management and treatment of PD.</p

Additional file 1 of Different electrophysiology patterns in GNE myopathy

Additional file 1: 1. Supplementary Table. List of gene panels for peripheral neuropathies (159 genes) and hereditary myopathies (199 genes). 2. The variant annotation and filtering criteria of whole exome sequencing. 3. The motor nerve conduction studies of the lower limb. 4. The age-matched normal value of the laboratory. 5. Supplementary figure 1. The lower limbs of patients with GNE myopathy. 6. Supplementary figure 2. The waveforms of motor nerve conduction studies of the lower limb. 7. Supplementary figure 3. H&E staining of sural nerve biopsy for patient 1 revealed no secondary peripheral neuropathy. 8.Supplementary figure 4. Images of lower limb MRI for patient 4 and 5

Heterogeneous Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Inducing Surface Reactions Toward Flotation Extraction of Hazardous Poly(Vinyl Chloride) From Waste Plastics

Low separation efficiency is a stumbling block for the recycling of heterogeneous waste plastics, which initiates the invasion of hazardous plastic pollutants, such as microplastics. The froth flotation controlled by wettability regulation strategies has become a promising remediation scheme and separation technology for plastic mixtures. Herein, this research proposed a wettability regulation for waste plastics from advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that was heterogeneous Fenton reactions catalyzed by green tea extract-reducing iron nanoparticles (GTFe0 NPs). In the heterogeneous catalysis system (GTFe0 NPs/H2O2), the GTFe0 NP catalyst excited HO• production and the reactive HO• was a major species for plastic oxidation. Besides, surface reactions on plastics were illustrated to explain the hydrophilic pattern of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC). HO• radicals can attack olefinic double bonds, abstract alkane protons, and scissor carbonate groups, anchoring hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on polymer surfaces. The flotation process separated hydrophilic ABS, PS, and PC plastics from hydrophobic hazardous poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastics. The recovery and purity of PVC could reach 100 and 97.6%. The mild modification temperature, wide pH value, and low oxidant concentration determined its potential application in separating hazardous plastics. Simplifying the plastic composition benefits plastic recycling and prevents environmental risks

Table1_Clinical features and genetic spectrum of Chinese patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia: A 14-year study.docx

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) constitutes a group of clinically and genetically rare neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive corticospinal tract degeneration. The phenotypes and genotypes of HSP are still expanding. In this study, we aimed to analyse the differential diagnosis, clinical features, and genetic distributions of a Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort and to improve our understanding of the disease.Methods: The clinical data of patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP at the initial visit to the Department of the Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, from 2008 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. Next-generation sequencing gene panels (NGS) combined with a multiplex ligation-amplification assay (MLPA) were conducted. Epidemiological and clinical features and candidate variants in HSP-related genes were analyzed and summarized.Results: 54 cases (probands from 25 different pedigrees and 29 sporadic cases) from 95 patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP were finally confirmed to have a clinical diagnosis of HSP based on clinical criteria, including their clinical findings, family history and long-term follow-up. Earlier disease onset was associated with longer diagnostic delay and longer disease duration and was associated with a lower risk of loss of ability to walk independently. In addition, 20 candidate variants in reported HSP-related genes were identified in these clinically diagnosed HSP patients, including variants in SPAST, ALT1, WASHC5, SPG11, B4GALNT1, and REEP1. The genetic diagnostic rate in these 54 patients was 35.18%.Conclusion: Hereditary spastic paraplegia has high clinical and genetic heterogeneity and is prone to misdiagnosis. Long-term follow-up and genetic testing can partially assist in diagnosing HSP. Our study summarized the clinical features of Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort, expanded the genotype spectrum, and improved our understanding of the disease.</p

DataSheet1_Clinical features and genetic spectrum of Chinese patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia: A 14-year study.XLSX

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) constitutes a group of clinically and genetically rare neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive corticospinal tract degeneration. The phenotypes and genotypes of HSP are still expanding. In this study, we aimed to analyse the differential diagnosis, clinical features, and genetic distributions of a Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort and to improve our understanding of the disease.Methods: The clinical data of patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP at the initial visit to the Department of the Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, from 2008 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. Next-generation sequencing gene panels (NGS) combined with a multiplex ligation-amplification assay (MLPA) were conducted. Epidemiological and clinical features and candidate variants in HSP-related genes were analyzed and summarized.Results: 54 cases (probands from 25 different pedigrees and 29 sporadic cases) from 95 patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP were finally confirmed to have a clinical diagnosis of HSP based on clinical criteria, including their clinical findings, family history and long-term follow-up. Earlier disease onset was associated with longer diagnostic delay and longer disease duration and was associated with a lower risk of loss of ability to walk independently. In addition, 20 candidate variants in reported HSP-related genes were identified in these clinically diagnosed HSP patients, including variants in SPAST, ALT1, WASHC5, SPG11, B4GALNT1, and REEP1. The genetic diagnostic rate in these 54 patients was 35.18%.Conclusion: Hereditary spastic paraplegia has high clinical and genetic heterogeneity and is prone to misdiagnosis. Long-term follow-up and genetic testing can partially assist in diagnosing HSP. Our study summarized the clinical features of Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort, expanded the genotype spectrum, and improved our understanding of the disease.</p

Simple-Structured NIR-Absorbing Small-Molecule Acceptors with a Thiazolothiazole Core: Multiple Noncovalent Conformational Locks and D–A Effect for Efficient OSCs

Developing simple-structured and efficient near-infrared (NIR) absorbing small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) remains of great importance for commercial applications in organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we construct two novel thiazolothiazole-centered NIR-absorbing SMAs by alkoxy/alkylthio side chains (TTz3/TTz4) and multiple noncovalent conformational locks of S···N, S···O, and S···S. These conformational locks make both simple-structured SMAs exhibit an extended planar configuration and a red-shifted NIR absorption in comparison with the SMA with an alkyl side chain (TTz1). As expected, both SMAs show high-efficiency photovoltaic performance in the solution-processing OSCs using J71 as a donor. A higher power conversion efficiency of 8.76% with a low energy loss (0.57 eV) is obtained in the TTz3-based OSCs. It is the first report on the simple-structured and efficient NIR-absorbing SMAs, which have great potential applied in the semitransparent OSCs

Simple-Structured NIR-Absorbing Small-Molecule Acceptors with a Thiazolothiazole Core: Multiple Noncovalent Conformational Locks and D–A Effect for Efficient OSCs

Developing simple-structured and efficient near-infrared (NIR) absorbing small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) remains of great importance for commercial applications in organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we construct two novel thiazolothiazole-centered NIR-absorbing SMAs by alkoxy/alkylthio side chains (TTz3/TTz4) and multiple noncovalent conformational locks of S···N, S···O, and S···S. These conformational locks make both simple-structured SMAs exhibit an extended planar configuration and a red-shifted NIR absorption in comparison with the SMA with an alkyl side chain (TTz1). As expected, both SMAs show high-efficiency photovoltaic performance in the solution-processing OSCs using J71 as a donor. A higher power conversion efficiency of 8.76% with a low energy loss (0.57 eV) is obtained in the TTz3-based OSCs. It is the first report on the simple-structured and efficient NIR-absorbing SMAs, which have great potential applied in the semitransparent OSCs

Experimental and Mechanistic Investigation of Amide-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for Quinoline Extraction and Separation from Wash Oil

This study undertakes a comprehensive examination of the action mechanism of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as extractants in the extraction and separation process of quinoline found in coal tar wash oil. This research is significant to the design, development, and high-value utilization of new extractants and wash oils. In this investigation, DESs were synthesized from amides, specifically acetamide, propionamide, and butyramide, in conjunction with lactic acid. The extraction and separation process of the DESs-quinoline-toluene system was scrutinized using a method that combines thermodynamic property prediction, experimental validation, and exploration of the action mechanism. The findings revealed that the Hansen solubility parameter (HSPs) theory effectively yielded solubility parameters of DESs and accurately forecasted the extraction efficiency and interaction type of quinoline. The HSP theory-based predictions for extraction efficiency were corroborated through liquid–liquid phase equilibrium experiments, in which the order of efficacy was observed as butyramide > propionamide > acetamide. This was further consolidated by quantum chemical analysis, which quantitatively unveiled the system’s separation action mechanism from an atomic fragment perspective. It was established that hydrogen bonding significantly influences the quinoline extraction process and that the interaction between the DES system and quinoline is predominantly governed by multicenter hydrogen bonding, which results in atom-pair interactions of superior strength

Additional file 1: of Endothelial damage, vascular bagging and remodeling of the microvascular bed in human microangiopathy with deep white matter lesions

Patient data. Demographic data and neuropathological diagnoses are shown for cases with small vessel disease (SVD) with/without vascular brain injury (VBI) and NoSVD controls included to the study. (DOCX 19.1 kb