Підвищення ефективності сепарації пилу у вихрових апаратах із зустрічними закрученими потоками із циліндричною сепараційною камерою (ВАЗЗПЦ) для підприємств хімічних та будівельних матеріалів

Актуальною проблемою, яка постає сьогодні перед вітчизняною промисловістю, є вдосконалення техніки і технології охорони навколишнього середовища в цілому, і, зокрема, зменшення рівня запиленості атмосферного повітря.Вирішення проблеми міститься у процесі сепарації пилу у ВАЗЗПЦ і безперервним вивантаженням уловлюваного пилу стосовно хімічних та будівельних матеріалів

State funded places in independent day schools before 1976

Transfection efficiency of Ad-A20 and Ad-ABIN1. Transfection efficiencies were determined using signals of GFP co-expression from Ad-A20 and Ad-ABIN1 vectors. The efficiencies were approximately > 90 %. (TIFF 2031 kb

Mechanism Studies on NanoPCR and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Genetic Analysis

Recently, the applications of nanomaterial-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanoPCR) have received considerable attention. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, but mainly according to the results of PCR assays under specific conditions and lacking direct and general evidence. The mechanism of nanoPCR has not been elucidated yet. Here, taking gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as an example, we report the three general effects of AuNPs: (1) AuNPs adsorb polymerase and modulate the amount of active polymerase in PCR, which was directly demonstrated by a simple and straightforward colorimetric assay and the dynamic light scattering measurements. (2) AuNPs adsorb primers and decrease the melting temperatures (<i>T</i>_m) of the duplexes formed with perfectly matched and mismatched primers and increase the <i>T</i>_m difference between them. (3) AuNPs adsorb PCR products and facilitate the dissociation of them in the denaturing step. All these effects were confirmed by addition of a rationally selected surface adsorbent, bovine thrombin, to highly efficiently modulate the surface adsorption of PCR components. These findings suggested that AuNPs should have multiple effects on PCR: (1) to regulate PCR in a case-by-case way via modulating the amount of active polymerase in PCR; (2) to improve PCR specificity in the annealing step via increasing the <i>T</i>_m difference between the perfectly matched and mismatched primers; (3) to improve PCR efficiency via speeding up the dissociation of the PCR products in the denaturing step. Taken together, we proposed the mechanism of nanoPCR is that the surface interaction of PCR components (polymerase, primers, and products) with AuNPs regulates nanoPCR. We further demonstrated that the applications of these findings improve the PCR of the amelogenin genes and Hepatitis B virus gene for genetic analysis. These findings could also provide helpful insight for the applications of other nanomaterials in nanoPCR

Pharmacokinetic profiles of cancer sonochemotherapy

<p><b>Introduction:</b> Sonochemotherapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, however, there is limited understanding of its pharmacokinetics (PK).</p> <p><b>Area covered:</b> The PK profile of sonochemotherapy is evaluated based on released data. Preclinical investigations suggest that the blood PK of sonochemotherapy is similar to chemotherapy when using free anticancer drugs. When using encapsulated drugs, a lower plasma level usually occurs; however, the ultrasonic release of drugs within a tumor may lead to drugs leaking into circulation, causing a rebound in the plasma drug level; a higher drug level is detected in certain healthy organs, however this depends mostly on the pharmaceutical formulation. Sonochemotherapy increases both the level and retention time of drugs in a tumor. Clinical trials of combined chemotherapy and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are evaluated from the perspective of preclinical PK: the intratumoral PK and drug interactions under insonation, and a protocol to set the interval between drug administration and insonation are lacking.</p> <p><b>Expert opinion:</b> Insonation can alter the PK properties of chemotherapeutics, which may exacerbate the system and/or organ toxicity of anticancer drugs. Directly employing the PK parameters validated in conventional chemotherapy plays an important role in unsatisfactory clinical outcomes of chemotherapy combined with HIFU.</p

Hydrotreating of Phenolic Compounds Separated from Bio-oil to Alcohols

Phenolic compounds in bio-oil are not stable and difficult to be upgraded to ideal fuels. In this study, simulated bio-oil as well as phenolic compounds separated from bio-oil by glycerol-assisted distillation were hydrotreated by Ru/SBA-15 catalyst and completely converted into C₃ to C₁₀ alcohols at mild conditions, which could be a feasible way to transfer the phenolic compounds in bio-oil or other real systems from lignin decomposition into high heating-value liquid fuel or fuel additives. The stability of the Ru/SBA-15 catalyst was also investigated. It was found that Ru/SBA-15 was stable with phenolic compounds in the simulated bio-oil but not in a real one

Metal Nitrate Mediated Regioselective Nitration of BN-Substituted Arenes

A regioselective nitration of BN-substituted arene compounds has been successfully developed. The first examples of BN-nitroarenes have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Photophysical studies of these novel compounds reveal an effective π conjugation between the nitro group and 1,2-azaborine moiety in the solution phase. A plausible mechanism for this nitration reaction is proposed

Higher Ethanodiamondoids in Petroleum

Higher ethanodiamondoids (ethanodiamantanes and ethanotriamantanes) have been identified for the first time in petroleum. Because ethanodiamondoids are the most thermally stable complex saturated hydrocarbons in petroleum, they appear to reflect the level of oil thermal stress and may serve as a promising reliable indicator for oil cracking and oil maturity. As the ethano-bridged diamond lattice molecules, the extraordinarily thermostable characteristics and predictable derivatizable features of ethanodiamondoids make them attractive components for nanomaterials and devices as well as heat-resistant materials

Metal Nitrate Mediated Regioselective Nitration of BN-Substituted Arenes

A regioselective nitration of BN-substituted arene compounds has been successfully developed. The first examples of BN-nitroarenes have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Photophysical studies of these novel compounds reveal an effective π conjugation between the nitro group and 1,2-azaborine moiety in the solution phase. A plausible mechanism for this nitration reaction is proposed

Stoichiometric inconsistencies in iKF1028 [70].

<p>Reaction: the reaction identifiers in the GEM; Equation: the reaction equations; H left/right: the total number of H atoms at the left/right side of the equations; H residue: the differences between the number of H atoms at the left versus the right side of the equations. Two reactions, RR08939 and IR01815, are shown at the bottom of the table, which correspond to the balanced version of the inconsistent reactions RR00610 and IR04287, respectively. Both pairs (marked with * and **, respectively) were present in iKF1028, rendering the overall model stoichiometrically inconsistent.</p

Diagram showing an application of the <i>FindPrimaryPairs</i> algorithm to a metabolic model.

<p>Diagram showing an application of the <i>FindPrimaryPairs</i> algorithm to a metabolic model.</p