Probe Decomposition of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite in N₂ and O₂ by in Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

Packaging methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI₃)-based solar cells with N₂ or dry air is a promising solution for its application in outdoor photovoltaics. However, the effect of N₂ and O₂ on the decomposition chemistry and kinetics of MAPbI₃ is not yet well-understood. With in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements, we show that the effective activation energy for the degradation of MAPbI₃ in N₂ is ∼120 kJ/mol. The decomposition of MAPbI₃ is greatly accelerated by exposure to O₂ in the dark. As a result of the synergistic effect between O₂ and a HeNe laser (633 nm), the degradation rate is further increased with photon flux. This synergistic effect reduces the effective activation energy of degradation of MAPbI₃ to ∼50 kJ/mol. The solid decomposition products after annealing in N₂ and O₂ at 150 °C or below do not have absorbance between 650 and 4000 cm^–1

Make Conjugation Simple: A Facile Approach to Integrated Nanostructures

We report a facile approach to the conjugation of protein-encapsulated gold fluorescent nanoclusters to the iron oxide nanoparticles through catechol reaction. This method eliminates the use of chemical linkers and can be readily extended to the conjugation of biological molecules and other nanomaterials onto nanoparticle surfaces. The key to the success was producing water-soluble iron oxide nanoparticles with active catechol groups. Further, advanced electron microscopy analysis of the integrated gold nanoclusters and iron oxide nanoparticles provided direct evidence of the presence of a single fluorescent nanocluster per protein template. Interestingly, the integrated nanoparticles exhibited enhanced fluorescent emission in biological media. These studies will provide significantly practical value in chemical conjugation, the development of multifunctional nanostructures, and exploration of multifunctional nanoparticles for biological applications

Patients’ characteristics and ECG results of the subjects (x¯ ± S, n = 1160).

<p>Patients’ characteristics and ECG results of the subjects (</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></p><p></p><p></p><p></p> ± S, n = 1160).<p></p

Catheter placements and P-wave amplitude changes for the subjects (n = 1160).

<p>Catheter placements and P-wave amplitude changes for the subjects (n = 1160).</p

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of P-wave stability in intracavitary electrocardiography (n = 1160).

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis of P-wave stability in intracavitary electrocardiography (n = 1160).</p

Additional file 1 of The extremely reduced, diverged and reconfigured plastomes of the largest mycoheterotrophic orchid lineage

Additional file 1

MicroRNA-455-3p accelerate malignant progression of tumor by targeting H2AFZ in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) becomes the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in 2020. Emerging studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in tumorigenesis and progression. The dysfunctions of miR-455-3p are observed in many cancers. However, its biological function in CRC remains to be confirmed. By sequencing serum sample, miR-455-3p was found to be up-regulated in CRC patients. RT-qPCR demonstrated that the miR-455-3p expression was both higher in the serum and tumor tissues of CRC patients. Furthermore, it indicated that miR-455-3p had the ability in promoting cell proliferation, suppressing cell apoptosis, and stimulating cell migration. In vivo experiments also showed that miR-455-3p promoted tumor growth. Additionally, H2AFZ was proved as the direct gene target of miR-455-3p by dual-luciferase assay. Taken together, miR-455-3p functioned as a tumor promoter in CRC development by regulating H2AFZ directly. Thus, it has enormous potential as a biomarker in the diagnosis of CRC.</p

Novel Surface Molecular Functionalization Route To Enhance Environmental Stability of Tellurium-Containing 2D Layers

Recent studies have shown that tellurium-based two-dimensional (2D) crystals undergo dramatic structural, physical, and chemical changes under ambient conditions, which adversely impact their much desired properties. Here, we introduce a diazonium molecule functionalization-based surface engineering route that greatly enhances their environmental stability without sacrificing their much desired properties. Spectroscopy and microscopy results show that diazonium groups significantly slow down the surface reactions, and consequently, gallium telluride (GaTe), zirconium telluride (ZrTe₃), and molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe₂) gain strong resistance to surface transformation in air or when immersed under water. Density functional theory calculations show that functionalizing molecules reduce surface reactivity of Te-containing 2D surfaces by chemical binding followed by an electron withdrawal process. While pristine surfaces structurally decompose because of strong reactivity of Te surface atoms, passivated functionalized surfaces retain their structural anisotropy, optical band gap, and emission characteristics as evidenced by our conductive atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence, and absorption spectroscopy measurements. Overall, our findings offer an effective method to increase the stability of these environmentally sensitive materials without impacting much of their physical properties

Additional file 1 of Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild hand, foot and mouth disease in children under 7 years old, Nanjing, China, 2010–2019

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Spatial cluster scan of mild hand, foot, and mouth disease cases aged < 7 years in Nanjing, China, 2010-2019. Supplementary Table 2. Enterovirus serotypes distribution for mild hand, foot, and mouth disease cases aged < 7 years in Nanjing, China, 2010-2019

Additional file 2 of Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild hand, foot and mouth disease in children under 7 years old, Nanjing, China, 2010–2019

Additional file 2: Supplementary results. Overview of epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild hand, foot and mouth disease in children aged ≥ 7 years old, Nanjing, China, 2010‑2019