BiOCl Nanorings with Co-Exposed (110)/(001) Facets for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

A BiOCl nanoring with co-exposed (110)/(001) facets is presented, which is prepared by selectively etching (001) facets of BiOCl nanosheets based on a selective etching mechanism. The BiOCl nanorings display a high photocatalytic performance toward organic dyes including butyl rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO). The results show that 40 mg of BiOCl nanorings can degrade 40 mL of RhB (10 mg L–1) in 4 min. Besides, 40 mL of 30 mg L–1 RhB can be completely degraded within 14 min. The reaction rate constant of 1.659 min–1 for BiOCl nanorings is seven times higher than that of the BiOCl nanosheets. In addition, 40 mg of BiOCl nanorings can degrade 97% of 40 mL (10 mg L–1) MO in 2 min. The good photocatalytic performance is ascribed to the formation of type-II junctions between (001) and (110) facets. It is expected that the specific nanoring structure presented here would find broad applications for developing many other emerging high-performance photocatalysts

Full length sequence and classification for circRNAs

Here, the full length circRNA sequences and circRNA classification are given for the circRNAs downloaded from circbase, circRNAdb and plantcircbase database.The details for the annotation file and the reference genome are as follows: 1. circbase and circRNAdb The annotation file is downloaded from circRNAdb (http://202.195.183.4:8000/circrnadb/resources.php) and the reference genome hg19 is downloaded from UCSC (http://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/downloads.html#human). 2. Arabidopsis thaliana The reference genome and annotation version TAIR10.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 3. Poncirus trifoliata The reference genome and annotation version Citrus_clementina_v1.0 are downloaded from https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant 4. Glycine max The reference genome and annotation version Glycine_max_v2.0.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 5. Gossypium arboreum The reference genome and annotation version Gossypium_arboreum_v1.0 are downloaded from https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/ 6. Gossypium hirsutum The reference genome and annotation version NBI_Gossypium_hirsutum_v1.1 are downloaded from https://www.cottongen.org/data/download/genome_NBI_AD1 7. Gossypium raimondii The reference genome and annotation version Graimondii_221 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.jgi-psf.org/pub/compgen/phytozome/v9.0/Graimondii/ 8. Hordeum vulgare The reference genome and annotation version Hv_IBSC_PGSB_v2.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 9. Oryza sativa The reference genome and annotation version IRGSP-1.0.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 10. Solanum lycopersicum The reference genome and annotation version SL2.50.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 11. Solanum tuberosum The reference genome and annotation version SolTub_3.0.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ 12. Triticum aestivum The reference genome and annotation version IWGSC1.0+popseq.29 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-29/ 13. Zea mays The reference genome and annotation version AGPv4.38 are downloaded from ftp://ftp.ensemblgenomes.org/pub/plants/release-38/ </p

Facile Solution Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Mesocrystals and Ultralong Nanowires from Layered Basic Zinc Salt Precursor

Novel hierarchical ZnO mesocrystals and ultralong ZnO nanowires have been prepared from a precursor of synthetic layered basic zinc acetate nanobelts by a facile solution route in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the products. Refluxing an aqueous dispersion of the nanobelts precursor in the presence of PVP at 100 °C for 6 h leads to the formation of well-defined hierarchical ZnO bundled mesocrystals. With an increase in the basicity of the reaction solution, ultralong ZnO nanowires were prepared. On the basis of the experimental results, a mechanism involving the self-organization of smaller inorganic building blocks during the crystallization of ZnO crystals was proposed. It has been demonstrated that PVP plays a key role in the formation of such novel hierarchical mesocrystals. Photoluminescence results show that the as-synthesized ZnO bundled mesocrystals have a broad yellow emission at above 568 nm excited by UV light, and this yellow emission band is attributed to a singly charged oxygen vacancy or other defects. Our work may shed some light on the design of other well-defined complex superstructures, and the as-grown architectures may have potential applications

DataSheet1_Evaluation of CircRNA Sequence Assembly Methods Using Long Reads.docx

The functional study on circRNAs has been increasing in the past decade due to its important roles in micro RNA sponge, protein coding, the initiation, and progression of diseases. The study of circRNA functions depends on the full-length sequences of circRNA, and current sequence assembly methods based on short reads face challenges due to the existence of linear transcript. Long reads produced by long-read sequencing techniques such as Nanopore technology can cover full-length sequences of circRNA and therefore can be used to evaluate the correctness and completeness of circRNA full sequences assembled from short reads of the same sample. Using long reads of the same samples, one from human and the other from mouse, we have comprehensively evaluated the performance of several well-known circRNA sequence assembly algorithms based on short reads, including circseq_cup, CIRI_full, and CircAST. Based on the F1 score, the performance of CIRI-full was better in human datasets, whereas in mouse datasets CircAST was better. In general, each algorithm was developed to handle special situations or circumstances. Our results indicated that no single assembly algorithm generated better performance in all cases. Therefore, these assembly algorithms should be used together for reliable full-length circRNA sequence reconstruction. After analyzing the results, we have introduced a screening protocol that selects out exonic circRNAs with full-length sequences consisting of all exons between back splice sites as the final result. After screening, CIRI-full showed better performance for both human and mouse datasets. The average F1 score of CIRI-full over four circRNA identification algorithms increased from 0.4788 to 0.5069 in human datasets, and it increased from 0.2995 to 0.4223 in mouse datasets.</p

Facile Fabrication of Bi₁₂O₁₇Br₂/Bi₂₄O₃₁Br₁₀ Type II Heterostructures with High Visible Photocatalytic Activity

One-dimensional (1D) Bi₁₂O₁₇Br₂/Bi₂₄O₃₁Br₁₀ type II heterostructures were synthesized by calcining BiOBr/Bi­(OHC₂O₄)·2H₂O heterostructures in air at 400 °C. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared products was evaluated by the degradation of phenol and Rhodamin B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The Bi₁₂O₁₇Br₂/Bi₂₄O₃₁Br₁₀ hierarchical heterostructures show enhanced visible light catalytic activity with the increase of the loaded/Bi₂₄O₃₁Br₁₀ content, which results from the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers due to the staggered band potentials of the two materials. Radical scavenger experiments confirm that photogenerated holes (h⁺) are the main active species for oxidizing RhB molecules during the photocatalytic processes

Synproportionation Reaction for the Fabrication of Sn²⁺ Self-Doped SnO_2‑x Nanocrystals with Tunable Band Structure and Highly Efficient Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity

Tailored fabrication of nonstoichiometric semiconductor nanocrystals with tunable electronic structures has attracted considerable attention owing to their scientific and technological importance. In this work, we have developed a novel and facile approach to prepare stable Sn2+ self-doped SnO2‑x nanocrystals with a large surface area via a synproportionation reaction of Sn4+ with metal tin under mild conditions. The effects of Sn2+ doping concentration in SnO2‑x lattice on the nanoparticle size, band structure, and photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) were investigated in detail. It is found that the obtained deep-yellow colored Sn2+ self-doped SnO2‑x sample shows exceptionally higher visible-light photocatalytic performance than stoichiometric SnO2, which is only sensitive to UV light due to its intrinsic large band gap. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental example that self-doped metal oxide nanocrystals have been utilized as an effective photocatalyst for the degradation of pollutants within 15 min under visible-light irradiation (λ ≥ 400 nm). The superior photodegradation activity of the Sn2+ self-doped SnO2‑x can be ascribed to the incorporation of Sn2+ into the lattice matrix and accompanying oxygen vacancies, which can result in significant narrowing of the band gap and enhancement in the visible-light absorption capability, notably, the efficient separation of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs in SnO2‑x, which has been further confirmed by remarkable enhancement of the photocurrent response. Moreover, strong photo-oxidation capability for high content •OH radical formation over SnO2‑x (ca. 25 times higher than SnO2 sample) also contributes to the improvement of photocatalytic performance. Our synthetic approach could be extended to design other nonstoichiometric semiconductor nanostructures with tunable band structure, highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic activity, and enhanced photoelectric conversion properties in the future

On Assembling Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Carbon Tetrachloride via Dichlorocarbene Intermediary by A Solvothermal Reaction: A Reaction Pattern from Carbene−Ylide Interconversion.

On Assembling Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Carbon Tetrachloride via Dichlorocarbene Intermediary by A Solvothermal Reaction:  A Reaction Pattern from Carbene−Ylide Interconversion

On Assembling Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Carbon Tetrachloride via Dichlorocarbene Intermediary by A Solvothermal Reaction: A Reaction Pattern from Carbene−Ylide Interconversion.

On Assembling Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Carbon Tetrachloride via Dichlorocarbene Intermediary by A Solvothermal Reaction:  A Reaction Pattern from Carbene−Ylide Interconversion

On Assembling Polychlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Carbon Tetrachloride via Dichlorocarbene Intermediary by a Solvothermal Reaction: A Reaction Pattern from Carbene−Ylide Interconversion

The forced one-electron reduction of carbon tetrachloride with sodium in a sealed steel vessel is shown to have a narrow window of conditions to arrest the reaction at the polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAHs), as well as to prevent the reaction from proceeding all the way to the final stage of graphite and other carbon solids. The intermediates are quenched with toluene or benzene to give electrophilic substitution products and with water to give a quinomethine as the major product. The product pattern leads us to propose the carbene, perchlorobenzo[c,d]pyren-6-ylidene, or its reversible dimer as the major intermediate among others, that survives the severe conditions until coming into contact with these nucleophiles. Mainly from aromatic resonance stabilization, the carbene is proposed to have a delocalized singlet state analogous to a ylide electronic structure and, thus, undergoes observed ionic reactions instead of typical carbene reactions. This work serves as a mechanistic link on the structural evolution of carbon networks between molecular chemistry and nanomaterial chemistry

Time window selection.

The three subplots represent the precision values for different time windows based on 21 start frames (x axis) and 12 window lengths (7 frames to 29 frames) for phases 1, 2, and 3 (from top to bottom) respectively, and the black bash line in each subplot indicates a precision value of 0.55.</p