Equipment detection limit associated risk^*.

*<p>It is assumed that the detection limit is 10 organisms which comes from sampling a 0.09 m² surface with the pathogen concentration 292 organisms per m² and the recovery rate is 0.38 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032732#pone.0032732-Hong2" target="_blank">[12]</a>.</p

Relationship between absolute monocyte counts or monocyte percentage and different activity groups.

Relationship between absolute monocyte counts or monocyte percentage and different activity groups.</p

Reflectivity of a sodium atom by the CP potential <em>V_p</em>(<em>r</em>)

<p><strong>Figure 1.</strong> Reflectivity of a sodium atom by the CP potential <em>V_p</em>(<em>r</em>). Solid (black) line: reflectivity calculated numerically at each incident velocity. Dotted–dashed (red) line: reflectivity calculated by the current three-parameter model. Short dashed (green) line: reflectivity calculated according to the threshold formula (<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/18/185302/article#jpb472270eqn01" target="_blank">1</a>). Long dashed (blue) line: reflectivity calculated according to the high-order threshold formula (<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/18/185302/article#jpb472270eqn27" target="_blank">22</a>).</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>We investigate the quantum reflection governed by the Casimir–Polder potential which scales as −1/<em>r</em>³ at short separation and as −1/<em>r</em>⁴ at long separation. Using the available analytical solutions for the −1/<em>r</em>⁴ potential and quantum defect theory, we develop a three-parameter model for quantum reflection. The three parameters characterizing the potential are essentially constant near the threshold. The application scope of the model is examined. For a potential dominated by the −1/<em>r</em>⁴ behaviour, which is the case in many realistic atom–surface systems, our model gives accurate results over the energy range in which the quantum reflection is significant. Moreover, this parameterized model allows one to fit the experimental data efficiently.</p

Concentrations of pathogens on horizontal surfaces associated with risk of 10⁻³ (Prospective exposure duration = 1 year).

<p>Concentrations of pathogens on horizontal surfaces associated with risk of 10⁻³ (Prospective exposure duration = 1 year).</p

Demographic characteristics.

BackgroundAssessing Crohn’s disease (CD) activity is critical for monitoring disease progression. In CD, monocytes could release TNF-α. Thus, it is extremely important to study its role in the disease activity and loss of response to anti-TNF-α biologics.MethodsIn this study, we collected CD patients treated with biologics from January 2017 to May 2022. Indicators associated with disease activity were evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U test. Specifically, logistic analyses were used to explore the predictors of primary nonresponse (PNR) and secondary loss of response (SLOR) within 1 year of anti-TNF-α agents. In addition, a nomogram was developed for therapeutic effect prediction.Results283 patients with CD were identified. Disease activity group, defined as CDAI equal to or greater than 150, had significant elevated absolute monocyte counts than disease remission group based on CDAI score (p = 0.019, Z = -2.354). Logistic analyses showed that absolute monocyte counts could be an independent predictor of 1-year SLOR of anti-TNF-α agents in CD patients (p = 0.013). A nomogram established based on gender, absolute monocyte counts, and hemoglobin could predict SLOR within 1 year of anti-TNF-α agents reliably.ConclusionThe results of this study support the utility of absolute monocyte counts detecting disease activity and anti-TNF-α therapy effect in patients with CD.</div

Predictors of primary nonresponse to anti-TNF-α in CD patients.

Predictors of primary nonresponse to anti-TNF-α in CD patients.</p

The ROC curves of the single indicator and the combined indicator to predict disease activity.

Abbreviation: CDAI, Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; Hb, Hemoglobin; PLT, platelet count; HCT: Hematocrit; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein, ALB, albumin; TBIL, total bilirubin.</p

Area under curve of ROC curves.

BackgroundAssessing Crohn’s disease (CD) activity is critical for monitoring disease progression. In CD, monocytes could release TNF-α. Thus, it is extremely important to study its role in the disease activity and loss of response to anti-TNF-α biologics.MethodsIn this study, we collected CD patients treated with biologics from January 2017 to May 2022. Indicators associated with disease activity were evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U test. Specifically, logistic analyses were used to explore the predictors of primary nonresponse (PNR) and secondary loss of response (SLOR) within 1 year of anti-TNF-α agents. In addition, a nomogram was developed for therapeutic effect prediction.Results283 patients with CD were identified. Disease activity group, defined as CDAI equal to or greater than 150, had significant elevated absolute monocyte counts than disease remission group based on CDAI score (p = 0.019, Z = -2.354). Logistic analyses showed that absolute monocyte counts could be an independent predictor of 1-year SLOR of anti-TNF-α agents in CD patients (p = 0.013). A nomogram established based on gender, absolute monocyte counts, and hemoglobin could predict SLOR within 1 year of anti-TNF-α agents reliably.ConclusionThe results of this study support the utility of absolute monocyte counts detecting disease activity and anti-TNF-α therapy effect in patients with CD.</div

Table_1_Temporal trend of anisometropia incidence in Chinese school-aged children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.docx

ObjectiveTo analyze and compare the temporal trends in the incidence of anisometropia among Chinese school-aged children both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the incidence of anisometropia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study comprising six distinct and independent longitudinal cohorts, each including children aged 6 to 13 years who visited the Joint Shantou International Eye Center between January 2010 and December 2021. Children were grouped into cohorts based on the year of their first eye clinic visit: 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, or 2020. Only children without anisometropia at initial visits, followed for 18 ± 6 months, were included. The cumulative incidence and risk factors of anisometropia were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Subgroup analyses were performed based on sex, age groups, initial refractive error status, and initial interocular SE difference. Anisometropic children were further categorized into myopic and non-myopic, with subsequent subgroup analyses conducted.ResultsOf 11,235 children were recruited from six cohorts (2010: n = 1,366; 2012: n = 1,708; 2014: n = 1,896; 2016: n = 2,354; 2018: n = 2,514; 2020: n = 1,397), 869 children developed anisometropia during a mean follow-up of 17.5 ± 3.7 months. After adjustment of confounding factors, we found that the risk of anisometropia remained relatively stable before 2020 but significantly increased in the 2020 cohort (adjusted HR 2.93, 95% CI 2.23 to 3.86; p ConclusionThis study reveals a concerning rise in anisometropia incidence among Chinese school-aged children during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the worrisome rise in anisometropia risk during the COVID-19 pandemic and emphasize the importance of early detection and management to safeguard children’s visual health.</p

(a) The variation of the quantity Δ with the coefficient <em>C</em>₄

<p><strong>Figure 3.</strong> (a) The variation of the quantity Δ with the coefficient <em>C</em>₄. (b) Square: experimental data taken from [<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/46/18/185302/article#jpb472270bib07" target="_blank">7</a>]; solid line: theoretical fitting result. See the text for details.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>We investigate the quantum reflection governed by the Casimir–Polder potential which scales as −1/<em>r</em>³ at short separation and as −1/<em>r</em>⁴ at long separation. Using the available analytical solutions for the −1/<em>r</em>⁴ potential and quantum defect theory, we develop a three-parameter model for quantum reflection. The three parameters characterizing the potential are essentially constant near the threshold. The application scope of the model is examined. For a potential dominated by the −1/<em>r</em>⁴ behaviour, which is the case in many realistic atom–surface systems, our model gives accurate results over the energy range in which the quantum reflection is significant. Moreover, this parameterized model allows one to fit the experimental data efficiently.</p