DataSheet1_Immobilization of Superoxide Dismutase in Mesoporous Silica and its Applications in Strengthening the Lifespan and Healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans.docx

Senescence is a major inductive factor of aging-related diseases in connection with an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, it is important to maintain ROS at an appropriate level to keep homeostasis in organisms. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a vital enzyme in defending against oxidative damage in vivo. Because of the defects in the direct application of SOD and SOD mimics, mounting delivery systems have been developed for the efficient applications of SOD to realize antioxidant treatment. Among these systems, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely studied because of various advantages such as desirable stability, low toxicity, and adjustable particle sizes. Herein, SOD was immobilized on MSNs using a physical absorption strategy to construct the nanosystem SOD@MSN. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was selected as the model organism for the subsequent antioxidant and anti-aging studies. The research results suggested the nanosystem could not only be effectively internalized by C. elegans but could also protect the nematode against external stress, thus extending the lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans. Therefore, SOD@MSN could be applied as a promising medicine in anti-aging therapeutics.</p

Elucidation of the Streptoazine Biosynthetic Pathway in <i>Streptomyces aurantiacus</i> Reveals the Presence of a Promiscuous Prenyltransferase/Cyclase

Heterologous expression of a three-gene cluster from Streptomyces aurantiacus coding for a cyclodipeptide synthase, a prenyltransferase, and a methyltransferase led to the elucidation of the biosynthetic steps of streptoazine C (2). In vivo biotransformation experiments proved the high flexibility of the prenyltransferase SasB toward tryptophan-containing cyclodipeptides for regular C-3-prenylation. Furthermore, their corresponding dehydrogenated derivatives prepared by using cyclodipeptide oxidases were also used for prenylation. This study provides an enzyme with high substrate promiscuity from a less explored group of prenyltransferases for potential use to generate prenylated derivatives

Table_1_Analysis of influencing factors and prediction of China’s Containerized Freight Index.xlsx

China, as a major maritime nation, the China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) serves as an objective reflection of the Chinese shipping market and an important indicator for understanding China’s shipping industry globally. The shipping market is a complex ecosystem influenced by various factors, including vessel supply and demand, cargo supply and demand relationships and prices, fuel prices, and competition from substitute and complementary markets. To analyze and study the state of the Chinese shipping market, we selected the CCFI as an indicator and collected data on six factors that may affect the overall shipping market. These factors include “ the China Coastal Bulk Freight Index(CCBFI)”, “the Baltic Dry Index(BDI)”, “the Yangtze River Container Freight Index”, “Global: Aluminum (minimum purity of 99.5%, London Metal Exchange (LME) spot price): UK landed price”, “Major Ports: Container Throughput”, and “Coal Price: US Central Appalachia: Coal Spot Price Index”. Then, we constructed an analyticaland predictive framework using Deep Neural Network (DNN), CatBoost regression model, and robust regression model to study the CCFI. Based on the R2 results of the three models, it is evident that DNN provides the best analytical and predictive performance for the CCFI, accurately forecasting its changes. Additionally, the robust regression model indicates that “Global: Aluminum (minimum purity of 99.5%, LME spot price): UK landed price” has the greatest impact on the CCFI. Finally, from a business perspective, we provide some suggestions for China’s container shipping industry.</p

A <i>Streptomyces</i> Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Catalyzes Regiospecific <i>C</i>2‑Guaninylation for the Synthesis of Diverse Guanitrypmycin Analogs

Heterologous expression of a cdps-p450 locus from Streptomyces sp. NRRL S-1521 led to the identification of guanitrypmycin D1, a new guaninylated diketopiperazine. The cytochrome P450 GutD1521 catalyzed the regiospecific transfer of guanine to C-2 of the indole ring of cyclo-(l-Trp-l-Tyr) via a C–C linkage and represents a new chemical transformation within this enzyme class. Furthermore, GutD1521 efficiently accepts several other tryptophan-containing cyclodipeptides or derivatives for regiospecific coupling with guanine, thus generating different guanitrypmycin analogs

Additional file 7: Table S7. of Exposure to various abscission-promoting treatments suggests substantial ERF subfamily transcription factors involvement in the regulation of cassava leaf abscission

Forward and reverse primers used for qRT-PCR analysis of ERF gene expression. (DOC 35 kb

Engineering Hybrid Chemotaxis Receptors in Bacteria

Most bacteria use transmembrane sensors to detect a wide range of environmental stimuli. A large class of such sensors are the chemotaxis receptors used by motile bacteria to follow environmental chemical gradients. In <i>Escherichia coli</i>, chemotaxis receptors are known to mediate highly sensitive responses to ligands, making them potentially useful for biosensory applications. However, with only four ligand-binding chemotaxis receptors, the natural ligand spectrum of <i>E. coli</i> is limited. The design of novel chemoreceptors to extend the sensing capabilities of <i>E. coli</i> is therefore a critical aspect of chemotaxis-based biosensor development. One path for novel sensor design is to harvest the large natural diversity of chemosensory functions found in bacteria by creating hybrids that have the signaling domain from <i>E. coli</i> chemotaxis receptors and sensory domains from other species. In this work, we demonstrate that the <i>E. coli</i> receptor Tar can be successfully combined with most typical sensory domains found in chemotaxis receptors and in evolutionary-related two-component histidine kinases. We show that such functional hybrids can be generated using several different fusion points. Our work further illustrates how hybrid receptors could be used to quantitatively characterize ligand specificity of chemotaxis receptors and histidine kinases using standardized assays in <i>E. coli</i>

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Exposure to various abscission-promoting treatments suggests substantial ERF subfamily transcription factors involvement in the regulation of cassava leaf abscission

Putative AP2/ERF genes expressed during ethylene- and water-deficit stress-induced leaf abscission. (XLS 1472 kb

Euphorbia sparrmanni Boiss.

原著和名: オホアガリニシキサウ科名: トウダイグサ科 = Euphorbiaceae採集地: 沖縄県 南大東島 東部海岸 (琉球 南大東島 東部海岸)採集日: 1985/12/19採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH025855国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-97585

Additional file 6: Table S6. of Exposure to various abscission-promoting treatments suggests substantial ERF subfamily transcription factors involvement in the regulation of cassava leaf abscission

Summary of abiotic stress-inducible cis-elements in cassava ERF subfamily transcription factor promoter regions. (DOC 191 kb

Antibiofilm Platform based on the Combination of Antimicrobial Polymers and Essential Oils

The development of potent strategies to counter microbial biofilm is an urgent priority in healthcare. The majority of bacterial infections in humans are biofilm related, however, effective treatments are still lacking especially for combating multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Herein, we report an effective antibiofilm platform based on the use of synthetic antimicrobial polymers in combination with essential oils, where the antimicrobial polymers play a secondary role as delivery vehicle for essential oils. Two ternary antimicrobial polymers consisting of cationic primary amines, low-fouling oligo­(ethylene glycol) and hydrophobic ethylhexyl groups were synthesized in the form of random and block copolymers, and mixed with either carvacrol or eugenol. Coadministration of these compounds improved the efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms compared to the individual compounds. We observed about a 60–75% and 70–85% biofilm inhibition effect for all tested combinations against wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 and MDR strain PA37, respectively, upon 6.5 h of incubation time. While both random and block copolymers demonstrated similar biofilm inhibition potencies in combination with essential oils, only the block copolymer acted synergistically with essential oils in killing biofilm. Treatment of PAO1 biofilm for 20 min with the block copolymer–oil combinations resulted in the killing of >99.99% of biofilm bacteria. This synergistic bactericidal activity is attributed to the targeted delivery of essential oils to the biofilm, driven by the electrostatic interaction between positively charged delivery vehicles, in the form of polymeric micelles, and negatively charged bacteria. This study thus highlights the advantage of combining essential oils and antimicrobial polymers as an effective avenue for antibacterial applications