A simulation study of a parametric mixture model of three different distributions to analyze heterogeneous survival data

In this paper a simulation study of a parametric mixture model of three different distributions is considered to model heterogeneous survival data.Some properties of the proposed parametric mixture of Exponential, Gamma and Weibull are investigated.The Expectation Maximization Algorithm (EM) is implemented to estimate the maximum likelihood estimators of three different postulated parametric mixture model parameters.The simulations are performed by simulating data sampled from a population of three component parametric mixture of three different distributions, and the simulations are repeated 10, 30, 50, 100 and 500 times to investigate the consistency and stability of the EM scheme.The EM Algorithm scheme developed is able to estimate the parameters of the mixture which are very close to the parameters of the postulated model.The repetitions of the simulation give parameters closer and closer to the postulated models, as the number of repetitions increases, with relatively small standard errors

The influence of Islamic management practices in budget participation

Purpose - The influence of Islamic management practices on managers’ performance such as organizational commitment involves the development of an individual’s abilities and attitudes contribute towards organizational interests.Therefore, this paper examined the effect of motivational role of budget participation among Muslim managers in Malaysian Local Authorities.In particular, this study aims to indentify the mediating effects of organizational commitment as motivational role in budget participation and managerial performance relationship.Design/ Methodology/Approach - A Structural equation modeling was utilised to examine the direct and indirect effects of motivational role of budget participation among Muslim managers through path analysis.Findings – The result indicate that the mediating effect of organizational commitment strengthened the budget participation and managerial performance relationship.Research Limitations - This research survey only conducted in local governments organization. Thus, result may not be generalized to other public organizations.Originality/Value – The findings from this study can have practical relevance in the Islamic current management setting in Malaysian government organization. The results provide insights on the role of Islamic organization commitment as management approach by Muslim managers in evaluating their performance

Mixture model of the Exponential, Gamma and Weibull distributions to analyse heterogeneous survival data

Aims: In this study a survival mixture model of three components is considered to analyse survival data of heterogeneous nature.The survival mixture model is of the Exponential, Gamma and Weibull distributions.Methodology: The proposed model was investigated and the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators of the parameters of the model were evaluated by the application of the Expectation Maximization Algorithm (EM).Graphs, log likelihood (LL) and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were used to compare the proposed model with the pure classical parametric survival models corresponding to each component using real survival data.The model was compared with the survival mixture models corresponding to each component.Results: The graphs, LL and AIC values showed that the proposed model fits the real data better than the pure classical survival models corresponding to each component.Also the proposed model fits the real data better than the survival mixture models corresponding to each component. Conclusion: The proposed model showed that survival mixture models are flexible and maintain the features of the pure classical survival model and are better option for modelling heterogeneous survival data

Instrumen kebolehpasaran graduan

Masalah pengangguran dikalangan graduan di Malaysia berada pada tahap yang tidak memuaskan dan perlu diatasi dengan segera.Pelbagai langkah telah diambil oleh kerajaan untuk mengatasi masalah ini termasuklah melaksanakan penilaian kemahiran kebolehpasaran terhadap pelajar IPT melalui instrumen My3S. Langkah ini dilihat sebagai antara langkah yang baik. Bagaimana pun, berdasarkan kaedah penilaian yang dijalankan, kajian ini berpendapat bahawa hasil yang diperolehi tidak akan dapat menilai dengan tepat kemahiran kebolehpasaran yang dimiliki oleh pelajar mahu pun graduan IPT.Kekurangan tersebut cuba diatasi oleh kajian ini melalui pembangunan instrumen yang lebih bersifat“realistik” menggunakan kaedah SJT.Bagaimana pun, sebelum instrumen dibangunkan, perbincangan dilakukan terlebih dahulu berkenaan instrumen kebolehpasaran graduan yang telah wujud di Malaysia.Kemudian, perbincangan dan perbandingan turut dilakukan kepada kemahiran kebolehpasaran yang dikatakan perlu kepada graduan serta kaedah pengukuran instrumen yang kebanyakannya digunakan untuk membuat penilaian.Hal ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kemahiran kebolehpasaran yang perlu diuji oleh kajian ini dan bagi membuktikan kelebihan kaedah SJT berbanding kaedah yang lain. Apabila telah dibuktikan, Bab Tiga dibangunkan untuk SJT supaya penerangan yang lebih terperinci dapat diberikan berkenaan kaedah tersebut.Penerangan yang diberikan terdiri daripada lima bahagian iaitu definisi, sejarah SJT, ciri, prosedur pembangunan dan kekuatan SJT. Seterusnya, Instrumen Kebolehpasaran Graduan dibangunkan melalui proses pembangunan instrumen yang disarankan oleh Merten (2005).Bagaimana pun, oleh kerana kaedah SJT terlibat, proses pembangunan instrumen turut merujuk kepada kajian Motowildo et al. (1990) dan Weekley et al. (2006). Seterusnya, instrumen ini dilaksanakan kepada seribu dua ratus orang responden yang terdiri daripada pelajar tempatan tahun akhir UUM dari pelbagai program pengajian. Data yang telah diperolehi dianalisis terlebih dahulu menggunakan kaedah EDA. Kemudian, pemarkahan dilakukan dan analisis diteruskan dengan ujian hipotesis. Berikutnya skor norma dibangunkan melalui kaedah Simulasi Persampelan BCA Bootstrap.Hasil kajian berjaya menunjukkan tahap kemahiran kebolehpasaran yang dimiliki oleh pelajar tempatan tahun akhir UUM.Daripada hasil kajian tersebut, separuh daripada responden dilihat memiliki kemahiran di tahap yang baik dan memuaskan.Bagaimana pun, hasil bagi Kemahiran Keusahawanan menunjukkan terdapat hanya tiga puluh peratus responden sahaja yang memiliki kemahiran tersebut di tahap yang baik dan memuaskan.Secara tidak langsung, keputusan ini dapat memberi gambaran awal kepada pihak UUM untuk memberi fokus untuk meningkatkan Kemahiran Keusahawan pelajar pada masa hadapan.Seterusnya, nilai skor norma juga berjaya diperolehi.Nilai ini boleh digunakan oleh pihak UUM bagi membuat penilaian dan perbandingan kemahiran kebolehpasaran yang dimiliki oleh pelajar tempatan tahun akhir UUM pada masa hadapan

Survival mixtrue model of Gamma distribution F of modelling heterogeneous data

In this study survival mixture model of three components was proposed for the analysis of heterogeneous survival data.The proposed model constitutes of three components survival mixture model of the Gamma distribution.The properties of model were highlighted. Both simulated and real data were used to estimate the maximum likelihood estimators of the model by employing the Expectation Maximization (EM). Three different censoring percentages (10%, 20% and 40%) were employed in the simulated data to assess the performance of the proposed model with different censoring percentages.The comparison showed that the model performed well with the three censoring percentages.However, the estimated parameters were better with small censoring percentage. The real data were used to compare the proposed model with the pure classical parametric survival models corresponding to each component, the two and four components survival mixture models of the Gamma distributions.The Log-likelihood (LL) and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values showed that the proposed model represents real data better than the pure classical survival model, the two and four components survival mixture models of the Gamma distributions.The proposed model showed that survival mixture models are flexible and maintain the features of the pure classical survival model and are better option for modelling heterogeneous survival data

A parametric mixture model of three different distributions: An approach to analyse heterogeneous survival data

A parametric mixture model of three different distributions is proposed to analyse heterogeneous survival data.The maximum likelihood estimators of the postulated parametric mixture model are estimated by applying an Expectation Maximization Algorithm (EM) scheme.The simulations are performed by generating data, sampled from a population of three component parametric mixture of three different distributions. The parameters estimated by the proposed EM Algorithm scheme are close to the parameters of the postulated model.To investigate the consistency and stability of the EM scheme, the simulations are repeated several times. The repetitions of the simulation gave parameters closer to the values of postulated models, with relatively small standard errors.Log likelihood, AIC and BIC are computed to compare the proposed mixture model with parametric mixture models of one distribution.The calculated values of Log likelihood, AIC and BIC are all infavour of the proposed parametric mixture model of different distributions

Penyelidikan, perundingan & penerbitan dalam era pengkorporatan universiti

Kertas perbincangan ini disediakan untuk tujuan membincangkan isu yang berkaitan dengan penyelidikan, perundingan dan penerbitan dalam era pengkorporatan Universiti Utara Malaysia. Ketiga-tiga aspek ini amat penting kerana ia merupakan tulang belakang yang menyokong program akademik di samping kewujudannya yang selari dengan kepakaran akademik serta bidang kecemerlangan universiti. Tanpa aktiviti penyelidikan yang mantap, perundingan yang profesional serta penerbitan akademik yang cemerlang, adalah sukar sesebuah universiti mendakwa ianya mempunyai tenaga pakar dalam bidang tertentu. Di samping itu, isu yang berkaitan dengan keseimbangan di antara peri pentingnya pengembangan serta penyebaran ilmu dengan kos yang tinggi dalam menjalankan penyelidikan yang bermutu menjadi titik persoalan penting dalam usaha sesebuah universiti dikorporatkan. Kertas ini dibahagikan kepada tiga bahagian: Analisis Keadaan Masa Kini (melihat kepada status quo serta permasalahan); Cabaran dalam Era Pengkorporatan (batasan yang mungkin dihadapi) dan; Kaedah dan Proses (meneliti tatacara/alternatif untuk menghadapi era pengkorporatan

Kajian persepsi pelajar terhadap perkhidmatan yang ditawarkan di UUM

Adalah menjadi cabaran kepada pihak berkepentingan di Universiti untuk menawarkan servis yang terbaik kepada warganya, khususnya pelajar.Bagaimanapun, kajian komprehensif tentang kualiti perkhidmatan di Universiti di Malaysia masih belum memuaskan. Justeru, kajian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Pendekatan kualitatif diguna bagi mendapat maklum balas daripada pelajar dan pakar sebagai input pembentukan instrumen kualiti perkhidmatan di UUM. Kaedah pensampelan rawak berstrata diguna bagi memilih seramai 1851 responden yang seterusnya dijadikan input pembinaan yang memberikan indeks kepuasan pelanggan (customer satisfaction index (CSI) ) terhadap servis yang ditawarkan oleh Universiti.Daripada 123 item yang dikaji, 17 perkhidmatan telah terbentuk menerusi analisis reliability dengan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha melebihi daripada 0.8.Tahap kualiti perkhidmatan di universiti secara amnya adalah memuaskan dengan keseluruhan index ialah CSI 4.94.Dapatan kajian juga telah mengenalpasti 4 isu utama yang yang perlu diberi penambahbaikan agar memenuhi keperluan pelajar.Isu tersebut ialah 1) perkhidmatan bas, 2) pelekat kenderaan pelajar, 3) kemudahan wireless dan internet, 4) sikap staf pentadbiran dan sokongan.Kepentingan dapatan ini termasuk: menyumbang kepada pembentukan instrumen kualiti perkhidmatan, pembentukan indeks perkhimatan universiti dan pengetahuan mengenai cara pengunaan indeks perkhidmatan secara teori dan praktikal

Estimating a prediction model for the early identification of low employability graduates in Malaysia

This paper describes the development of a prediction model for the early identification of low employability graduates in Malaysia. A total of five proportional hazard models are estimated and using the criteria of percentage correctly and wrongly predicted, a prediction model is selected based on the percentage correctly predicted. The percentile of the predicted hazard rate is used as the employability index (EI). In the context of Malaysia, it is recommended that the 5th percentile graduates be considered as low employability graduates. With this early identification tool, specific intervention programs can be tailored for the right target groups