Table1_How environmental awareness affects the spatial convergence of urban economic resilience: evidence from China.XLSX

This study utilizes a panel dataset covering 262 Chinese cities from 2012 to 2019 and employs spatial econometric convergence test models to investigate the impact of public environmental awareness on spatial convergence of urban economic resilience. Empirical results reveal a significant spatial convergence pattern in urban economic resilience, but environmental awareness hampers this convergence. Through a mediation analysis, we find that the role of environmental awareness in the spatial convergence of urban economic resilience is moderated by two critical factors: foreign investment and scientific expenditure. The development of foreign investment and an increase in the scale of scientific expenditure weaken the inhibitory effect of environmental awareness on the spatial convergence of urban economic resilience.</p

Solvothermal Synthesis of Oxamate-Based Helicate: Temperature Dependence of the Hydrogen Bond Structuring in the Solid

Solvothermal synthesis has been successfully tested as a new synthetic method toward the formation of oxamate-based coordination compounds. The reaction of 1,3-benzenedioxamic acid (H₄mpba) with divalent metal ions has afforded the dinuclear compounds TBA₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​2DMF·​5H₂O (<b>1a</b>), (HNEt₃)₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​6DMF·​5H₂O (<b>1b</b>), TBA₂­[Ni₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​2DMF·​2.5H₂O (<b>2</b>), and (HNEt₃)₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃] (<b>3</b>). Although the 3:2 ligand to metal ratio is known for the (mpba)^4– ligand under bench conditions, these complexes are the first examples of oxamate-based helicate. Furthermore, crystallographic studies show a temperature-dependent hydrogen bond structuring that leads to racemic or chiral hexagonal 3D networks

Solvothermal Synthesis of Oxamate-Based Helicate: Temperature Dependence of the Hydrogen Bond Structuring in the Solid

Solvothermal synthesis has been successfully tested as a new synthetic method toward the formation of oxamate-based coordination compounds. The reaction of 1,3-benzenedioxamic acid (H₄mpba) with divalent metal ions has afforded the dinuclear compounds TBA₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​2DMF·​5H₂O (<b>1a</b>), (HNEt₃)₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​6DMF·​5H₂O (<b>1b</b>), TBA₂­[Ni₂­(H₂mpba)₃]·​2DMF·​2.5H₂O (<b>2</b>), and (HNEt₃)₂­[Co₂­(H₂mpba)₃] (<b>3</b>). Although the 3:2 ligand to metal ratio is known for the (mpba)^4– ligand under bench conditions, these complexes are the first examples of oxamate-based helicate. Furthermore, crystallographic studies show a temperature-dependent hydrogen bond structuring that leads to racemic or chiral hexagonal 3D networks

Table1_Diatom-based inferences of environmental changes from an alpine lake on the southeast edge of the Tibetan plateau over the last 4000 years.docx

To better understand how global and regional-scale climate has changed, high-resolution records for environmental changes are still needed in southwestern (SW) China during the Late Holocene epoch. This study presents a well-dated high-resolution diatom analysis from a 1.66-m-long sediment core taken from Lake Cuogeda (CGD) on the southeast (SE) edge of the Tibetan Plateau to document environmental changes over the past ∼4000 years. Diatom and other geochemical proxies show that, from 3850 to 3430 cal yr BP (before present, 0 BP=1950 AD, 1900 to 1480 BC), the environment of Lake CGD is acidic, oligotrophic, and enriched with humic acids. And the lake ice cover duration is short during this period. During 3430–1550 cal yr BP (1480 BC-400 AD), Lake CGD has less humic acid and a relatively high pH environment. The ice cover duration is longer, and the temperature drops during this period. Our multi-indicator recorded two environment fluctuations at ∼2800 cal yr BP (850 BC) and 2210–1950 cal yr BP (260 BC-0 AD). From 1550 to 3.6 cal yr BP (400–1946 AD), the lake ecosystem changed to a higher pH condition and had a prolonged freezing time. From 3.6 cal yr BP (1946 AD) to the present, Lake CGD’s water was acidic, with an environment of shorter duration of ice cover and stronger lake water turbulence. Comparisons between the CGD records and other climate reconstructions underscore the relevance of the CGD record for regional and global environments. Comparisons indicate that the environment evolution pattern of SW China during the Late Holocene was greatly affected by solar radiation and North Atlantic sea surface temperature.</p

Empirical analysis of pig welfare levels and their impact on pig breeding efficiency—Based on 773 pig farmers’ survey data

<div><p>Few studies of the pig production efficiency are from the perspective of animal welfare. Therefore, this study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of pig welfare levels based on survey data from 773 pig farmers from 23 counties in the Chinese provinces of Hunan, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Shanxi. This study used the Delphi method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-Tobit regression model to analyze farmers’ pig production efficiency and its influencing factors. This paper found that most farmers’ pig production efficiency is low, and the DEA is invalid. Only 2.9% of pig farmers’ who breed pigs are at the optimal level in terms of welfare, and their production efficiency is relatively high. In contrast, 49.34% of the farmers are at the medium welfare level, and compared with the farmers at the optimal welfare level, these farmers’ pig production efficiency is low. Additionally, the farmers’ age, gender, and number of years of experience with pig breeding have a significant effect. Furthermore, the scale of pig breeding and feeding type, the agriculture facilities for the central treatment of waste in local areas, and the availability of local agricultural science and technology personnel have a considerable influence on pig production efficiency.</p></div

Cadmium Accumulation Risk in Vegetables and Rice in Southern China: Insights from Solid-Solution Partitioning and Plant Uptake Factor

Solid-solution partitioning coefficient (<i>K</i>_d) and plant uptake factor (PUF) largely determine the solubility and mobility of soil Cd to food crops. A four-year regional investigation was conducted in contaminated vegetable and paddy fields of southern China to quantify the variability in <i>K</i>_d and PUF. The distributions of <i>K</i>_d and PUF characterizing transfers of Cd from soil to vegetable and rice are probabilistic in nature. Dynamics in soil pH and soil Zn greatly affected the variations of <i>K</i>_d. In addition to soil pH, soil organic matter had a major influence on PUF variations in vegetables. Heavy leaching of soil Mn caused a higher Cd accumulation in rice grain. Dietary ingestion of 85.5% of the locally produced vegetable and rice would have adverse health risks, with rice consumption contributing 97.2% of the risk. A probabilistic risk analysis based on derived transfer function reveals the amorphous Mn oxide content exerts a major influence on Cd accumulation in rice in pH conditions below 5.5. Risk estimation and field experiments show that to limit the Cd concentration in rice grains, soil management strategies should include improving the pH and soil Mn concentration to around 6.0 and 345 mg kg^–1, respectively. Our work illustrates that re-establishing a balance in trace elements in soils’ labile pool provides an effective risk-based approach for safer crop practices

Average input and output of the 773 pig farmers every year for each pig.

<p>Average input and output of the 773 pig farmers every year for each pig.</p

Weight analysis results.

<p>Weight analysis results.</p

Pig welfare evaluation index system framework.

<p>Pig welfare evaluation index system framework.</p

Synthesis of Silver Nanowires Using a Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Free Method with an Alpinia zerumbet Leaf Based on the Oriented Attachment Mechanism

In this study, silver nanowires (AgNWs) were successfully synthesized by using a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-free hydrothermal method with an Alpinia zerumbet leaf chunk as a reducing agent and template. Meanwhile, the mechanism of biomass synthesis of AgNWs is also explored. The AgNWs have a diameter of ∼77 nm and a length of ∼10 μm. During the hydrothermal process, the biomass initially serves as a reducing agent to reduce silver ions. As the reaction proceeds, the biomass will form a pipe-shaped soft template by hydrothermal carbonization. Silver ions are adsorbed and reduced along the pipe-shaped soft templates to form silver nanorods, and adjacent nanorods are merged to AgNWs. Thus, AgNWs are grown along the pipeline soft template based on the oriented attachment mechanism. Inspired by this, the mechanism of the polyol method was further investigated. In the initial growth stage, AgNWs synthesized by the polyol method have a V-shaped notch. Therefore, AgNWs synthesized by the polyol method may also grow on the basis of the oriented attachment mechanism with PVP as a template