Permodelan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada Berbagai Taraf Penunasan Pelepah

The numbers of leaf frond influence oil palm yield, especially fresh fruit bunch weight and fresh fruit bunch production. The objective of this research was to obtain oil palm growth and production model for different levels of frond pruning. The experiment was conducted at PT. Astra Agro Lestari, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan, from August 2011 to February 2012. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with two factors and three replications for each oil palm age. Stella production model was created based on pruning experiment and weather data. Production model can predict 75% variable for oil palm production and fresh fruit bunch weight for different levels of pruning. Keyword: oil palm, Stella model, pruning managemen

Optimasi Paket Pupuk Tunggal pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan Umur Satu Tahun

Effective and efficient fertilization is affected by fertilizer dose, and therefore information on the appropriate dose of a single fertilizer for oil palm will be beneficial to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization in oil palm plantations. The objectives of this research were to study the response patterns and to determine optimum rate of single fertilizer package related to the growth of one year old oil palm trees. The experiment was conducted from March 2013 to February 2014 at IPB-Cargill Teaching and Research Farm of Oil Palm, Jonggol Bogor. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with one factor and replicated three times. The treatments were four single fertilizer package as followed: control, 300 g urea + 375 g SP-36 + 350 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 600 g urea + 750 g SP-36 + 700 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 900 g urea + 1125 g SP-36 + 1050 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O per plant. The result showed that application of single fertilizer package significantly increased the growth of young oil palm linearly as shown by plant height, stem girth, leaf area of frond number 9, chlorophyll and P content of the leaves and quadratically on leaf number at the last observation. The optimum rate of single fertilizer for one year old oil palm trees had not been attained at this research because the plant growth response to fertilization was still linear

Studi Radiosensitivitas Kedelai [Glycine Max (L) Merr] Varietas Argomulyo Melalui Irradiasi Sinar Gamma

Benih-benih kedelai dari varietas Argomulyo diiradiasi sinar gamma untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik, memperbaiki morfologi tanaman dan nantinya untuk mendapatkan produksi hasil yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui radiosensitivitas tanaman kedelai [Glycine max (L) Merr ] varietas Argomulyo melalui irradiasi sinar gamma dan mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dari benih kedelai turunan pertama (M ). Penelitian ini 1merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal dosis irradiasi yang terdiri dari delapan taraf, yaitu 0 Gy, 200 Gy, 400 Gy, 600 Gy, 800 Gy, dan 1000 Gy. Untuk mendapatkan nilai Lethal Dosis 50 (LD ), digunakan program Curve-fit 50Analysis. Untuk mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma, benih kedelai yang diuji adalah benih kedelai varietas Argomulyo yang diirradiasi dengan dosis rendah sinar gamma (micro mutation) dengan dosis sedikit dibawah LD yaitu 0 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy dan 200 Gy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 50 bahwa nilai Lethal Dosis 50 (LD ) terdapat pada dosis 457,178 Gy. Keragaman yang diperoleh dari tinggi 50 tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah polong, jumlah polong hampa dan jumlah biji pada generasi M mempengaruhi 1 pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman baik secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi produksi tanaman

Parameter Genetik Jagung Populasi Bisma Pada Pemupukan Berbeda. I. Ragam Aditif-Dominan Bobot Biji Jagung

New maize varieties could be obtained through improvement of their plant populations. The method used in selection in the crop improvement was based on values of their genetic parameters. Bisma is one of the maize varieties that has a broad genetic background. New maize varieties could be obtained by improving their population through selection under different environmental conditions. Genetic parameter value were estimated by conducting an experiment under NCD II crossing at Bogor. Twenty seven sets, which were developed from three females and three males of S1 as parents of each set, were evaluated under three different fertilization schemes. Results of the experiment showed that the additive genetic variance was significantly different from zero, and so among the different levels of fertilizer applications. The dominant variances was not significant under the three different levels of fertilization applications. The additive genetic variance was lower under the low level of fertilizer application than that on the higher level of fertilization application. This might be due to the scale effect. To reduce effect of scale, the data were transformed by dividing the grand mean value. After the data transformation, the genetic variance under the low level of fertilizer application tended to be greater than that under the higher level of fertilizer application. There was a tendency that population improvement of Bisma variety could be achieved better under lower level of fertilizer applications than under the higher ones

Parameter Genetik Jagung Populasi Bisma Pada Pemupukan Yang Berbeda. II. Ragam Dan Korelasi Genetik Karakter Sekunder

Genetic Parameter of Secondary Traits of Corn in BismaPopulation under Different Fertilizer Application. II. GeneticVariance and Correlation of Secondary Traits.Sutoro, Abdul Bari, Subandi, and Sudirman Yahya. Themagnitute of secondary traits of corn could affect the cornyield. Genetic parameter value of secondary traits areimportant in plant breeding, especially in selection program.Genetic parameter could be used for estimation of correlatedresponse by involving value of genetic correlation andgenetic variance. Value of genetic parameter is differentamong population and environment. Genetic parameter ofsecondary traits on Bisma population under 3 different levelof fertilizer application were studied in Bogor. Result of thestudy showed that addtive genetic variance of ASI, chlorofil,seed number, amount of green leaves and LAI at floweringstage greater than dominant variance. Conversely, additivegenetic variance of green leaf number and LAI at maturingstage, and leaf senescene are lower than dominant variance.ASI has greatest heritability among secondary traitsunder three level of fertilizer application. Positive geneticcorrelation was found between grain yield under low fertileizerapplication and ASI under high level fertilizer applicationor between grain yield under high level of fertilizer applicationand ASI under low level fertilizer application

Perbaikan Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Tanaman Lidah Buaya di Tanah Gambut dengan Aplikasi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Pemupukan

This research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of mycorrhiza, inorganic and organic fertilizer (fish and shrimp waste) on growth, yield and quality of Aloe in peat soil. The study was conducted on peat area, North Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Mycorrhizal application levels (without mycorrhiza, Mycofer and mycorrhizal from pineapple\u27s rhizosphere) were as main-plot. The inorganic fertilizer (composition of N:P:K:Mg) rates (without inorganic fertilizer; 5 : 4 : 7.5 : 2.5 g/plant; 10 : 8 : 15 : 5 g/plant; and 20 : 16 : 30 : 10 g/plant) were as sub-plot. Organic fertilizers: (fish; shrimp; fermented fish; and fermented shrimp wastes) were as sub-sub plot. The observed variables were: leaf width, leaf length, leaf fresh weight, plant dry weight, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Mg). The results showed that mycorrhizal application improved growth performance and increased N, P, Mg uptake. The best plant growth performance was achieved by N : P: K : Mg =10 : 8 : 15 : 5 g/plant and fermented shrimp waste treatments. The highest N, P, K, Mg nutrients uptake was achieved by application of fermented organic fertilizer. Combination of mycorrhiza from pineapple\u27s rhizosphere with fermented fish and shrimp waste resulted in higher amino acids content compared to standard cultivation of Aloe vera Center in Pontianak

Induced Mutations by Gamma Ray Irradiation to Argomulyo Soybean (Glycine Max) Variety

Hanafiah DS, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Yahya S, Wirnas D. 2010. Induced mutations by gamma ray irradiation to Argomulyosoybean (Glycine max) variety. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 121-125. Induced mutation by gamma ray irradiation is one way to increasegenetic variability of plants. This research used gamma ray irradiation on low doses (micro mutation). The aim of this research was toknow the respons of doses level by micro mutation on gamma ray irridation to the growing and development of Argomulyo variety ofsoybean [Glycine max (L) Merr]. The seeds were irradiated by gamma ray micro mutation doses, namely 0 gray, 50 gray, 100 gray, 150gray, and 200 gray. Variations that were obtained of each characters at generation M1 and M2 influences plants growth and developmenteither through qualitative and quantitative that finally will influence plant’s production. The average highest genetic variation at M2generation of soybean was on 200 Gray doses. Results of the research indicated that gamma ray irradiation on 200 Gray doseseffectively caused of plant variation genetic

Keragaan Generasi Ketiga (M3) Kedelai Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Pada Kondisi Optimum Dan Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan

The objective of this research was to obtain a genotype of selected putativemutant with good agronomic traits and high yielding on optimumcondition and its adaptability to drought stress in M3 generation. The studyresult showed that there were differences in the growth and production of eachpopulation as a result of irradiation in optimum conditions and drought stressconditions. Population as a result of irradiation at 150 Gy and 200 Gy had ahigher mean value for the plant height trait, the number of productive branches,the number of productive nodes and the number of productive pods compared toirradiation population of 50 Gy, 100 Gy and the control population of Argomulyoat optimum conditions. The decrease in the growth and development happened toall the characters observed in irradiation population in drought conditionscompared to when grown in optimum conditions. The decrease can be seen in thecharacters of plant height, number of pods and seed weight per plant. The growthand development of the population irradiation of 150 Gy and 200 Gy were moreinfluenced by drought conditions compared to other irradiation populations. Theselection in the optimum conditions produced 291 high yielding genotypes and theselection in drought conditions generated 202 genotypes and adapted to droughtenvironments