Highly Cytotoxic Metabolites from the Culture Supernatant of the Temperate Dinoflagellate <i>Protoceratium</i> cf. <i>r</i><i>eticulatum</i>^†

In the course of our search for antitumor compounds in dinoflagellates, the culture broths of two strains of Protoceratium cf. reticulatum showed extremely potent cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines. The four equally active principles, named protoceratins I (1), II (2), III (3), and IV (4), were purified and their structures were studied. The major principle, protoceratin I (1), proved to be identical with 2-homoyessotoxin, a well-known shellfish toxin. Protoceratins II (2), III (3), and IV (4) were determined to be di-, mono-, and triarabinoside of 1, respectively. They are the first examples of glycosides of dinoflagellate polyethers

Reactions of an Isolable Dialkylsilylene with Carbon Dioxide and Related Heterocumulenes

An isolable dicoordinate dialkylsilylene, 2,2,5,5-tetrakis­(trimethylsilyl)­silacyclopentane-1,1-diyl (<b>6</b>), was found to react with CO₂ and ArNCX (X = O, S) smoothly to give the corresponding bis­(silyl)­carbonate, 4-imino-1,3-dioxasiletane and 4-imino-1,3-dithiasiletane derivatives in high yields, respectively. The molecular structures of these products were determined by X-ray crystallography. All these reactions are parallel to those of a hypercoordinate silylene with η⁵-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligands, decamethylsilicocene, reported by Jutzi et al. and are suggested to involve similarly the formation of the corresponding SiX doubly bonded compounds (X = O, S) at the initial steps. Mechanistic details of the multistep reaction of a model dialkylsilylene with CO₂ were investigated using DFT calculations

Data_Sheet_1_Assessment of Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer in Western China.docx

Background: Lung cancer is the leading source of cancer-caused disability-adjusted life years. Medical cost burden impacts the well-being of patients through reducing income, cutting daily expenses, curtailing leisure activities, and depleting exhausting savings. The COmprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) was created and validated by De Souza and colleagues. Our study intends to measure the financial burdens of cancer therapy and investigate the link between financial toxicity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in an advanced lung cancer population.Methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed stage III to IV lung cancer were eligible. The COST questionnaire verified by de Souza et al. was used to identify financial toxicity. Multivariable linear regression analysis with log transformation univariate analysis and Pearson correlations were used to perform the analysis.Results: The majority of the patients (90.8%, n = 138/152) had an annual income of $50,000 ($7,775). The cohort's insurance situation was as follows: 64.5% of the cohort had social insurance, 20.4% had commercial insurance, and 22.0% had both. Patients who were younger age (50–59, P Conclusion: Poorer psychological status and specific demographics are linked to increased financial toxicity (lower COST). Financial toxicity has a modest relationship with HRQoL and may have a clear link with HRQoL measurements.</p