Quantum correlation measure in arbitrary bipartite systems

A definition of quantum correlation is presented for an arbitrary bipartite quantum state based on the skew information. This definition not only inherits the good properties of skew information such as the contractivity and so on, but also is effective and almost analytically calculated for any bipartite quantum states. We also reveal the relation between our measure and quantum metrology. As applications, we give the exact expressions of quantum correlation for many states, which provides a direct support for our result.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Comments are welcom

A Robust Gene Expression Prognostic Signature for Overall Survival in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

The objective of this research was to develop a robust gene expression-based prognostic signature and scoring system for predicting overall survival (OS) of patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Transcriptomic data of HGSOC patients were obtained from six independent studies in the NCBI GEO database. Genes significantly deregulated and associated with OS in HGSOCs were selected using GEO2R and Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank testing, respectively. Enrichment analysis for biological processes and pathways was performed using Gene Ontology analysis. A resampling/cross-validation method with Cox regression analysis was used to identify a novel gene expression-based signature associated with OS, and a prognostic scoring system was developed and further validated in nine independent HGSOC datasets. We first identified 488 significantly deregulated genes in HGSOC patients, of which 232 were found to be significantly associated with their OS. These genes were significantly enriched for cell cycle division, epithelial cell differentiation, p53 signaling pathway, vasculature development, and other processes. A novel 11-gene prognostic signature was identified and a prognostic scoring system was developed, which robustly predicted OS in HGSOC patients in 100 sampling test sets. The scoring system was further validated successfully in nine additional HGSOC public datasets. In conclusion, our integrative bioinformatics study combining transcriptomic and clinical data established an 11-gene prognostic signature for robust and reproducible prediction of OS in HGSOC patients. This signature could be of clinical value for guiding therapeutic selection and individualized treatment

Paclitaxel-incorporated nanoparticles improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury

As a worldwide medical problem, spinal cord injury has no clear and effective treatment to improve its prognosis. Hence, new treatment strategies for spinal cord injury with good therapeutic efficacy have been actively pursued. As a new drug loading system, acetal dextran nanoparticles (SAD) have good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, we designed spermine-functionalized acetal-dextran (SAD) nanoparticles and encapsulated paclitaxel (PCL) into them. This design can ensure the sustained release of paclitaxel in the injured area for 4 days and promote the extension of nerve processes in vitro. In our experiment, we found that paclitaxel-loaded SAD nanoparticles (PCL@SAD) decreased the level of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the rat spinal cord injury model, which reduced the scar repair of the injured site and changed the inhibitory environment after spinal cord injury. This reveals that PCL@SAD can effectively protect the injured spinal cord and ultimately improve the functional recovery of the injured spinal cord. One single injection of PCL@SAD shows better therapeutic effect than that of PCL. This study opens an exciting perspective toward the application of neuroprotective PCL@SAD for the treatment of severe neurological diseases

Using combination of lifting wavelet and multiclass SVM based on global optimization class strategy for fault pattern identification

This paper presents a new method based on lifting wavelet for obtaining a fast multiclass SVM classification based on global optimization class strategy for fault diagnosis of roller bearing. Decision making was performed in two stages: feature extraction by computing the lifting wavelet coefficients and classification using the multiclass SVM classifiers trained on the extracted features. Experiments demonstrate that in comparison to discrete wavelet transform the lifting wavelet feature extraction can speed up the identification phase as well as achieve higher accuracy of multiclass SVM that is based on global optimization class strategy. Experimental results also reveal that the proposed multiclass SVM of global optimization is better than strategy of one against one and DAGSVM

Progress and hotspot of diet or exercise therapy in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

IntroductionThe primary treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is modifying lifestyle through dietary or exercise interventions. In recent decades, it has received increasing attention. However, the lack of bibliometric analysis has posed a challenge for researchers seeking to understand the overall trends in this field.MethodsAs of February 3rd, 2024, 876 articles on treating NAFLD through diet or exercise therapy from 2013 to 2023 had been retrieved. Two software tools, VOSviewer and CiteSpace, were utilized to analyze the growth of publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, citations, and keywords. Additionally, the keywords with strong citation burstiness were identified to determine the changes and future trends of research hotspots in this field.ResultsChina had the highest number of articles, followed by the United States and South Korea. Yonsei University and Nutrients were the institutions and journals with the most significant contributions. Professor Younossi Zobair M, from the United States, is the most prolific author in this field. Through analyzing the keywords, three research hotspots were identified: research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, research on the treatment modalities of NAFLD, and research on the risk factors and diagnosis methods of NAFLD. In recent years, the research emphasis in this field has changed, suggesting that future research will focus on two frontier keywords: “oxidative stress” and “aerobic capacity.”ConclusionIn the past eleven years, the attention in this field was still rising, and the authors, journals, countries and so on had formed a considerable cooperative relationship. There were also many highly influential and productive researchers in this field. It is speculated that new research will continue around “aerobic exercise” and “oxidative stress” in the future

Diversity of Th1/Th2 immunity in mice with acute lung injury induced by the H1N1 influenza virus and lipopolysaccharides

Introduction: The polarization of T helper (Th) cells plays an important role in the inflammatory response, pathogen removal, and tissue damage processes of infectious acute lung injury (ALI). However, Th cell polarization in viral- or bacterial-mediated ALI is not well defined. Herein, an influenza virus (A/FM/1/47, H1N1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were chosen to induce ALI in mice, and the resultant diversity of Th-cell polarization was explored. Methodology: BALB/c mice were challenged intranasally with the influenza virus or LPS. Edema of the lung, infiltration of inflammatory cells (macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes), oxidative stress, and signature cytokines of Th1 and Th2 cells were detected at 2 days post virus or LPS challenge. Results: The mice exhibited increased capillary permeability accompanied by lung edema and protein-rich alveolar exudation after virus or LPS challenge. Additionally, excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells, robust oxidative stress, and cytokine production were observed in both mouse groups. However, there was conspicuous disparity in the inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokines between the virus- and LPS-challenged mice, where the infiltration in virus-challenged mice was mainly of macrophages and accompanied by robust Th1 cytokine elevation, whereas the infiltration in LPS-challenged mice was primarily of neutrophils and accompanied by robust Th2 cytokine elevation. Conclusions: The Th cell polarization was skewed depending on whether ALI was induced by the influenza virus or LPS. The polarization in the virus-challenged mice was primarily toward a Th1 response, whereas that in the LPS-challenged mice was mainly toward Th2

Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes Get More Localized Through Micelle-Like Structures

Liquid electrolytes in batteries are typically treated as macroscopically homogeneous ionic transport media despite having complex chemical composition and atomistic solvation structures, leaving a knowledge gap of microstructural characteristics. Here, we reveal a unique micelle-like structure in a localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE), in which the solvent acts as a surfactant between an insoluble salt in diluent. The miscibility of the solvent with the diluent and simultaneous solubility of the salt results in a micelle-like structure with a smeared interface and an increased salt concentration at the centre of the salt-solvent clusters that extends the salt solubility. These intermingling miscibility effects have temperature dependencies, wherein an exemplified LHCE peaks in localized cluster salt concentration near room temperature and is utilized to form a stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li-metal anode. These findings serve as a guide to predicting a stable ternary phase diagram and connecting the electrolyte microstructure with electrolyte formulation and formation protocols to form stable SEI for enhanced battery cyclability