An extended spatiotemporal exposure index for urban racial segregation

The Segregation Index quantifies the degree of segregation of social groups or classes. Because of the increasing use of fine-grained spatiotemporal activity and flow data, the conventional segregation measurements’ inclusiveness is challenged. We add population flow to the conventional place-based spatial exposure index to identify spatiotemporal segregation changes. Specifically, we considered the population-flow network, hierarchical structure, and time. In Chicago’s demonstration case study, we first used the time-dependent Twitter Origin-Destination flow matrices and their hierarchical structure information to estimate interactions between areal units at the neighborhood level. Then we computed the new population composition of units based on their interactions with other units and estimated the proposed spatiotemporal exposure index for different times. Finally, we systematically compared their differences with the conventional indices at global and local scales to see how population-flow patterns affect the exposure index. The results show that the population-flow patterns reflect valuable information in neighborhood interactions in temporal and spatial dimensions, but it is missing information in the conventional segregation computations. Furthermore, we emphasize that the hierarchical structures of flow patterns and the choice of appropriate parameters are also important factors for a rational segregation evaluation.</p

Regression parameters of the logistic equations between the branch injury rate and hail fall density.

Regression parameters of the logistic equations between the branch injury rate and hail fall density.</p

Logistic function between the defoliation rate and hail fall density.

Logistic function between the defoliation rate and hail fall density.</p

Regression parameters of the logistic equations between the boll falling rate and hail size.

Regression parameters of the logistic equations between the boll falling rate and hail size.</p

Relationship of hail ball diameter and terminal velocity.

Relationship of hail ball diameter and terminal velocity.</p

Regression parameters of the logistic functions between the defoliation rate and hail size.

Regression parameters of the logistic functions between the defoliation rate and hail size.</p

Logistic relation between the branch breaking rate and hail size.

Logistic relation between the branch breaking rate and hail size.</p

Logistic relationship between the boll falling rate and hail size.

Logistic relationship between the boll falling rate and hail size.</p

Regression parameters of logistic equations between the defoliation rate and hail fall density.

Regression parameters of logistic equations between the defoliation rate and hail fall density.</p

Logistic function between the boll falling rate and hail fall density.

Logistic function between the boll falling rate and hail fall density.</p