54 research outputs found

    The formed patterns due to blocking in ion channels in calcium.

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    <p>The developed state (<i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 time units) when some channels of calcium in neurons in a square array (95≀<i>i</i> ≀100, 95≀<i>j</i> ≀100) is blocked at <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š1, coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4, for <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.1 (panel a), <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.2 (panel b).</p

    The development of spiral wave under different channel noise when the target wave is broken by artificial defects.

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    <p>Artificial defects area is within 90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 1≀<i>j</i> ≀100 (<i>V<sub>ij</sub></i>β€Š=β€Š0). The area forced by external currents with diversity is close to the center of the network (90≀<i>i</i> ≀100, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀100). For <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š90,<i>N</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š200 (panel a) ; <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š90,<i>N</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š250 (panel b) ; <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š110,<i>N</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š200 (panel c) ; <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š110,<i>N</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š250 (panel d) ; at <i>I</i><sub>2</sub>β€Š=β€Š40, coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š2, transient period <i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 and no-flux boundary condition is used.</p

    The distribution of forcing currents with diversity vs. forcing area for generating a target wave.

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    <p>The threshold for initiating a target wave in the network in the two-parameter space for square size forced by current <i>I</i><sub>0</sub> and gradient current Ξ”<i>I</i>β€Š=β€Š<i>I</i><sub>0</sub>βˆ’<i>I</i><sub>1</sub>.</p

    The development of spiral wave under certain channel noise (channel number <i>N<sub>0</sub></i>β€Š=β€Š1000) when the target wave is broken by local poisoned area.

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    <p>Blocked area is within 90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 1≀<i>j</i> ≀100. The area forced by external currents with diversity is close to the center of the network (90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀95), <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š60,<i>I</i><sub>2</sub>β€Š=β€Š40, for <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.1 (panel a) ; <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.2 (panel b), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.3 (panel c), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.4 (panel d), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.5 (panel e), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.6 (panel <i>f</i>), coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š2, transient period <i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 and no-flux boundary condition is used.</p

    The formed target wave induced by forcing currents with diversity.

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    <p>The forcing current <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š41, coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4, Sβ€Š=β€Š3Γ—3 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀92, 90≀<i>j</i>≀92), <i>I</i><sub>1</sub>β€Š=β€Š40, transient period <i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 time units and no-flux boundary condition is used.</p

    The formed patterns under forcing currents with diversity and blocking in ion channels in calcium.

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    <p>The developed state (<i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 time units) when some channels of calcium in neurons in a square array (90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 1≀<i>j</i> ≀100) is blocked at <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š1, for <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.1 (panel a), <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.2 (panel b), <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.3 (panel c) ,<i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.4 (panel d) ; the forcing currents with diversity are imposed on the local area 95≀<i>i</i> ≀100, 100≀<i>j</i> ≀105 with <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š60, <i>I</i><sub>1</sub>β€Š=β€Š40 for other nodes, coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4.</p

    The formed target wave induced by forcing currents with diversity.

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    <p>The coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4, Sβ€Š=β€Š7Γ—7 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀96, 90≀<i>j</i>≀96), <i>I</i><sub>1</sub>β€Š=β€Š40, for <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š49 (panel a), <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š51 (panel b), <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š53 (panel c), <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š55 (panel d), transient period <i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 time units and no-flux boundary condition is used.</p

    Formation of target wave induced by ion channels blocking in potassium.

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    <p>The developed state (<i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 time units) when some potassium ion channels in a square array (90≀<i>i</i> ≀100, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀100) are blocked at <i>x</i><sub>Ca</sub>β€Š=β€Š1, coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4, for <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.1 (panel a), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.2 (panel b),<i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.3 (panel c), <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.4 (panel d).</p

    The distribution of factor of synchronization vs. forcing currents with diversity.

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    <p>The size of local area forced with current <i>I</i><sub>0</sub> is marked as <i>S</i>β€Š=β€Š9 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀92, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀92), <i>S</i>β€Š=β€Š16 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀93, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀93), <i>S</i>β€Š=β€Š25 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀94, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀94), <i>S</i>β€Š=β€Š36 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀95), <i>S</i>β€Š=β€Š49 (90≀<i>i</i> ≀96, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀96), coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š4 and transient period is about 800 time units.</p

    The evolution of spiral wave under different additive Gaussian white noise.

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    <p>Blocked area is within 90≀<i>i</i> ≀95, 1≀<i>j</i> ≀100, <i>x</i><sub>k</sub>β€Š=β€Š0.3. The area forced by external currents with diversity is within the area 90≀<i>i</i>≀95, 90≀<i>j</i> ≀95, <i>I</i><sub>0</sub>β€Š=β€Š60, <i>I</i><sub>1</sub>β€Š=β€Š40, for noise intensity <i>D<sub>noise</sub>β€Š=β€Š</i>100 (panel a) ; <i>D<sub>noise</sub>β€Š=β€Š</i>200 (panel b) ; <i>D<sub>noise</sub>β€Š=β€Š</i>300 (panel c) ; <i>D<sub>noise</sub>β€Š=β€Š</i>500 (panel d), coupling intensity <i>D</i>β€Š=β€Š2, transient period <i>t</i>β€Š=β€Š800 and no-flux boundary condition is used.</p
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