Table1_Impact of selective reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility testing report on clinicians’ prescribing behavior of antibiotics.DOCX

Background: Selective reporting has important value in antibiotic management. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of AST selective reporting on prescribing behavior, so as to provide evidence for the implementation and improvement of selective reporting policies in microbiology laboratories at home and abroad.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching tertiary hospital in China in July 2021. We designed selective reports and routine reports for urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and lower respiratory tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Questionnaires were conducted among participants by case vignettes, and 116 valid questionnaires were collected. The appropriateness rate of antibiotic prescription and the prescription rate of drug-resistant antibiotics, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems were calculated and compared between the selective reporting group and the routine reporting group in each case.Results: In most cases, we found that AST selective reporting could increase the appropriateness rate of antibiotic prescription (p Conclusion: AST selective reporting can help promote the appropriate use of antibiotics and reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. It is suggested to develop scientific and effective selective reporting practices and strengthen the two-way communication between clinicians and microbiology laboratories, thereby enabling microbiology laboratories to play a more important role in clinical antimicrobial management.</p

Fabrication of Large-Sized Two-Dimensional Ordered Surface Array with Well-Controlled Structure via Colloidal Particle Lithography

Epoxy resin coated glass slides were used for colloidal particle lithography, in order to prepare well-defined 2D surface arrays. Upon the assistance of a large-sized 2D colloidal single crystal as template, centimeter-sized ordered surface arrays of bowl-like units were obtained. Systematic studies revealed that the parameters of obtained surface arrays could be readily controlled by some operational factors, such as temperature, epoxy resin layer thickness, and template particle size. With epoxy resin substituting for normal linear polymer, the height/diameter ratio of bowls in the formed surface arrays can be largely increased. With further reactive plasma etching, the parameters of ordered surface arrays could be finely tuned through controlling etching time. This study provides a facile way to prepare large-sized 2D surface arrays with tunable parameters

Data_Sheet_1_Development and psychometric evaluation of the trauma nurse core competency scale.doc

BackgroundTrauma, especially severe trauma, has become a significant public health problem worldwide. This postulates higher requirements on the core competence of trauma nurses. However, limited scales exist to assess it validly and reliably. This study aims to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Trauma Nurse Core Competency Scale (TNCCS).MethodsThis study included three stages. First, scale development was based on a broad literature review and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. Then, a pre-investigation was conducted with 106 trauma nurses, and a formal scale was formed. Finally, scale evaluation of reliability and validity, based on a cross-sectional study, was tested with 1,107 trauma nurses. Content validity and structure validity were used to evaluate the validity of TNCCS. The Cronbach's α coefficient and the split-half reliability coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability of TNCCS.ResultsThe final scale contained 46 items under three dimensions, which were Knowledge and skills (21 items), Comprehensive literacy (20 items), and Professionalism & physical and mental health (5 items). The Content Validity Index (CVI) of the total scale was 0.980. The goodness-of-fit indices (χ2/df = 3.547, RMSEA = 0.065, GFI = 0.929, CFI = 0.912, NFI = 0.904, IFI = 0.929) signified a good fit for this model. The Construct Reliability (CR) ranged from 0.89 to 0.98, and the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) ranged from 0.62 to 0.69. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.99, ranging from 0.90 to 0.98 for the subscales. The split-half reliability coefficient was 0.84.ConclusionsThe TNCCS demonstrated good validity and reliability, and it could be used to assess the core competency of trauma nurses. The present study has valuable implications for nursing managers to take corresponding measures to train and improve the core competence of trauma nurses.</p

Comparison of intervention effect in each month after intervention.

<p>Note: The value of OR is for the variable after × group.</p><p>*P<0.05.</p><p>Comparison of intervention effect in each month after intervention.</p

Basic characteristics of the sample.

<p>Note: BI means before intervention, and AI means after intervention.</p><p>Basic characteristics of the sample.</p

Change in injection prescribing rate by month.

<p>Change in injection prescribing rate by month.</p

Logistic regression results of injection use.

<p>Logistic regression results of injection use.</p

The Spatiotemporal Role of COX-2 in Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Periosteum-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitors in Fracture Repair

<div><p>Periosteum provides a major source of mesenchymal progenitor cells for bone fracture repair. Combining cell-specific targeted <i>Cox-2</i> gene deletion approaches with <i>in vitro</i> analyses of the differentiation of periosteum-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (PDMPCs), here we demonstrate a spatial and temporal role for Cox-2 function in the modulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of periosteal progenitors in fracture repair. <i>Prx1Cre</i>-targeted <i>Cox-2</i> gene deletion in mesenchyme resulted in marked reduction of intramembraneous and endochondral bone repair, leading to accumulation of poorly differentiated mesenchyme and immature cartilage in periosteal callus. In contrast, <i>Col2Cre</i>-targeted <i>Cox-2</i> gene deletion in cartilage resulted in a deficiency primarily in cartilage conversion into bone. Further cell culture analyses using <i>Cox-2</i> deficient PDMPCs demonstrated reduced osteogenic differentiation in monolayer cultures, blocked chondrocyte differentiation and hypertrophy in high density micromass cultures. Gene expression microarray analyses demonstrated downregulation of a key set of genes associated with bone/cartilage formation and remodeling, namely <i>Sox9</i>, <i>Runx2</i>, <i>Osx</i>, <i>MMP9</i>, <i>VDR</i> and <i>RANKL</i>. Pathway analyses demonstrated dysregulation of the HIF-1, PI3K-AKT and Wnt pathways in Cox-2 deficient cells. Collectively, our data highlight a crucial role for Cox-2 from cells of mesenchymal lineages in modulating key pathways that control periosteal progenitor cell growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis in fracture repair.</p></div

Osteogenic differentiation was impaired in Cox-2 deficient PDMPCs.

<p>Periosteal progenitors were isolated from <i>Cox-2^f/f</i> (WT) and <i>Cox-2^f/f; Prx1Cre</i> (KO) mice. Monolayer cultures demonstrate reduced differentiation of <i>Cox-2</i> deficient cells, both under basal conditions and in response to BMP-2 stimulation, as evidenced by reduced ALP staining (A) and decreased osteogenic gene expression at day 7 (B). * indicates p<0.05, as compared to the control. Western blot analyses demonstrate a modest induction of Cox-2 protein in WT cells and ablation of Cox-2 protein in Cox-2 deficient cells (C). Quantification of western blot analyses from three separate experiments shows induction of Cox-2 protein in WT cells and near absence of Cox-2 protein in the Prx-1Cre-mediated conditional KO cells (*, p<0.05).</p

Deferentially expressed genes associated with the Wnt pathway in Cox-2^f/f and Cox-2^f/f; Prx1Cre PDMPCs.

<p>Heat maps showing differentially expressed genes associated with the Wnt pathway at day 1 (A) and day 7 (B) micromass cultures. Each column shows the relative gene expression of a sample for the indicated Wnt pathway-associated genes. RT-PCR demonstrates expression of key genes in the Wnt pathway at day 1 (white bars) and day 7 (black bars) in cells with a targeted <i>Cox-2</i> gene deletion and in their littermate controls (C), namely <i>Wif1</i>, <i>N-cadherin (CDH2)</i>, <i>LRP4</i>, <i>FRZB</i>, and <i>TCF7</i>. * p<0.05, as compared to the control.</p