315 research outputs found

    sj-docx-1-jaf-10.1177_0148558X211055883 – Supplemental material for Impact of Tournament Incentives on Management Earnings Forecasts

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    Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jaf-10.1177_0148558X211055883 for Impact of Tournament Incentives on Management Earnings Forecasts by Xin Cheng, Dan Palmon, Yinan Yang and Cheng Yin in Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance</p

    Spectral compression by phase doubling in second harmonic generation

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    In second harmonic generation, the phase of the optical field is doubled which has important implication. Here the phase doubling effect is utilized to solve a long-standing challenge in power scaling of single frequency laser. When a (-{\pi}/2, {\pi}/2) binary phase modulation is applied to a single frequency seed laser to broaden the spectrum and suppress the stimulated Brillouin scattering in high power fiber amplifier, the second harmonic of the phase-modulated laser will return to single frequency, because the (-{\pi}/2, {\pi}/2) modulation is doubled to (-{\pi}, {\pi}) for the second harmonic. A compression rate as high as 95% is demonstrated in the experiment limited by the electronic bandwidth of the setup, which can be improved with optimized devices

    sj-pdf-1-asq-10.1177_00018392231192863 – Supplemental material for The New Invisible Hand: How Common Owners Use the Media as a Strategic Tool

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    Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-asq-10.1177_00018392231192863 for The New Invisible Hand: How Common Owners Use the Media as a Strategic Tool by Mark R. DesJardine, Wei Shi and Xin Cheng in Administrative Science Quarterly</p

    DataSheet_1_Alternating processes of dry and wet nitrogen deposition have different effects on the function of canopy leaves: Implications for leaf photosynthesis.docx

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    Canopy leaves are sinks of dry and wet nitrogen (N) deposition, most studies have not considered the response of canopy leaves to the alternating processes of dry and wet N deposition. We manipulated a close top chamber experiment to observe the effects of simulated N deposition with the same total deposition flux but different dry to wet ratios on leaf structure and physiology by spraying NH4Cl solution or supplying gaseous NH3 over the canopy of seedlings of three species (Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis) placed in the chamber. After 32 days of N deposition and relative to the control, the leaf morphology and mesophyll tissue structure of the three species had no significant changes under all N deposition treatments. With the increase in the ratio of dry to wet N deposition, the N concentration, N metabolizing enzyme activity and soluble protein concentration in leaves of all three species increased continuously, but for the leaf light-saturated net photosynthesis rate, B. platyphylla showed a continuous increase, F. mandshurica showed a continuous decrease, and P. koraiensis showed no significant change. We found that F. mandshurica was the only species whose foliar chlorophyll and potassium concentration decreased with the increase in the ratio of dry to wet N deposition and its leaf light-saturated net photosynthesis rate was positively correlated with foliar chlorophyll and potassium concentration, respectively. Our results indicate that dry deposition is relatively more important on leaf physiological functions in alternating deposition. B. platyphylla and P. koraiensis may better acclimate to canopy NH3/NH4+ deposition than F. mandshurica. Most importantly, the results indicate that a single simulated dry and wet deposition would overestimate and underestimate the response of leaf function to atmospheric N deposition, respectively. Alternating processes of dry and wet deposition should be considered for more realistic assessments of the effects of atmospheric N deposition in forests.</p

    Efficient Synthesis of 3-Chloromethyl-2(5<i>H</i>)-furanones and 3-Chloromethyl- 5,6-dihydropyran-2-ones via the PdCl<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Chlorocyclocarbonylation of 2,3- or 3,4-Allenols

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    A mild and efficient methodology involving PdCl2-catalyzed chlorocyclocarbonylation of 2,3- or 3,4-allenols with CuCl2 for the synthesis of 3-chloromethyl-2(5H)-furanones and 3-chloromethyl-5,6-dihydropyran-2-ones was developed. This reaction proceeded in a highly regioselective manner, i.e., the chlorine atom was introduced to the terminal position of the allene moiety while the lactone linkage was formed between the center carbon atom of the allene moiety and the hydroxyl oxygen, which was established by the X-ray single crystal diffraction study of Îł-lactone 3p. The highly optically active 3-chloromethyl-2(5H)-furanones could be easily prepared from the readily available optically active 2,3-allenols. A mechanism for this reaction was proposed

    A New Route to Multifunctionalized <i>p</i>-Terphenyls and Heteroaryl Analogues via [5C + 1C(N)] Annulation Strategy

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    p-Terphenyls and heteroaryl analogues including bipyridines were prepared via [5C + 1C(N)] annulation of α-aryl-α-alkenoyl ketene-(S,S)-acetals (five carbon 1,5-bielectrophilic species) with nitroethane or ammonium acetate. The reaction features mild conditions, multisubstitution, and functional group tolerance and is metal catalyst free. The present protocol provides a new alternative to the conventional methodologies for the synthesis of teraryls

    Efficient Synthesis of 3-Chloromethyl-2(5<i>H</i>)-furanones and 3-Chloromethyl- 5,6-dihydropyran-2-ones via the PdCl<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Chlorocyclocarbonylation of 2,3- or 3,4-Allenols

    No full text
    A mild and efficient methodology involving PdCl2-catalyzed chlorocyclocarbonylation of 2,3- or 3,4-allenols with CuCl2 for the synthesis of 3-chloromethyl-2(5H)-furanones and 3-chloromethyl-5,6-dihydropyran-2-ones was developed. This reaction proceeded in a highly regioselective manner, i.e., the chlorine atom was introduced to the terminal position of the allene moiety while the lactone linkage was formed between the center carbon atom of the allene moiety and the hydroxyl oxygen, which was established by the X-ray single crystal diffraction study of Îł-lactone 3p. The highly optically active 3-chloromethyl-2(5H)-furanones could be easily prepared from the readily available optically active 2,3-allenols. A mechanism for this reaction was proposed

    One-Pot Tandem Double-Aldol Reaction/Aza-Addition of Acetylacetamides and <i>o</i>-Phthalaldehyde Leading to Spiroindan-2,2′-pyrrolidines

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    A novel domino reaction based on o-phthalaldehyde and 3-oxo-N-arylbutanamide 1 has been developed which allows one-pot and efficient synthesis of structurally complex spiroindan-2,2′-pyrrolidines 2 and 3 with complete regioselectivity and high stereoselectivity from acyclic precursors

    Thalidomide reduces glial activation.

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    <p>Senile plaques were demonstrated by Congo Red (Red). Representative images showed activated CD45-positive microglia around plaques. The number of activated microglia around similar size of plaques was obviously decreased with thalidomide administration compared to age-matched vehicle groups (<b>A</b>). Similarly, microphotographic images showed that thalidomide administration obviously decreased the number of GFAP-immunoreactive positive astrocytes around amyloid plaques (<b>B</b>). Counter staining was performed by haemotaxylin. Bars: 50 µm (<b>A, B</b>).</p

    Fabrication of Metal–Organic Framework-Based Mixed-Matrix Membranes by “Soft Spray” Technique

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    Metal–organic framework (MOF)-based mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) represent a class of composite membranes that seamlessly integrate the properties of MOF fillers and polymer matrix into a hybrid system and have been widely used in countless advanced technologies. However, there remains a need for scalable and simple manufacturing techniques that can fabricate a MOF-based MMM with uniform dispersion. Herein, a series of MMMs with well-dispersed MOFs are constructed by a soft spray technique. In brief, by uniformly spraying metal ions onto the surface of a mixed solution containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and organic ligands, a free-standing MMM is synthesized at the miscible liquid–liquid interface, facilitated by the dual function of metal ions. Moreover, soft spray technology can also introduce multifunctional materials into the MMM to customize performance. We have successfully introduced carbon black into a MOF-based MMM by soft spray, resulting in MMMs with excellent photothermal effects. The resulted MOF-based MMM exhibits favorable catalytic performance in the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with primary amines, and the MOF-based MMM modified with carbon black significantly boosts the endothermic CO2 conversion. The work opens a new avenue for the development of MOF-based MMMs with a promising future
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