Impact of acute kidney injury on the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To compare the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis with and without the associated acute kidney injury (AKI). We performed a systematic search in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases for observational studies that were done on patients with cirrhosis. Eligible studies reported AKI in patients with cirrhosis and compared mortality among patients with and without AKI. We used a random-effects model, using STATA version 16.0, for deriving pooled effect sizes that were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Thirty-two studies were included. In patients with cirrhosis, AKI was significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality (OR 5.92), and mortality at 30 days (OR 4.78), 90 days (OR 4.34), and at 1 year follow-up (OR 4.82) compared to patients without AKI. AKI is associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Careful monitoring to identify the development of AKI and early prompt management is necessary.</p

Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for the Binary Systems of <i>sec</i>-Butyl Acetate + <i>n</i>‑Butyl Alcohol, Isobutyl Alcohol, or <i>tert</i>-Butyl Alcohol at 101.3 kPa

The isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of <i>n</i>-butyl alcohol + SBAC, isobutyl alcohol + SBAC, and <i>tert</i>-butyl alcohol + SBAC binary systems were determined at 101.3 kPa by using an Ellis vapor liquid equilibrium still. The experimental data passed the thermodynamic consistency test by the Herington method and showed positive deviations from ideal behavior. The VLE values were correlated by the Wilson, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL), and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) activity-coefficient models with satisfactory results. The results show that <i>n</i>-butyl alcohol + SBAC and isobutyl alcohol + SBAC systems form minimum temperature azeotropic mixtures

Bio-oil production from hydrogenation liquefaction of rice straw over metal (Ni, Co, Cu)-modified CeO₂ catalysts

<p>This paper describes catalytic hydrogenation liquefaction of rice straw over metal (Ni, Co, and Cu)-modified CeO₂ catalysts for bio-oil production. The results show that the highest rice straw conversion (89.08%) and bio-oil yield (66.7%) were obtained over Ni/CeO₂ catalyst. The bio-oil contains mainly phenols, high-value-added, and widely used chemicals. Furthermore, metal-modified CeO₂ catalysts can significantly influence the components of bio-oil with the highest percentage of C7-C10 compounds. This work thus demonstrates that metal/CeO₂ catalysts can be effective in improving the bio-oil yield and selectivity in hydro-liquefaction of rice straw into bio-oil.</p