Texts of Kolima dialect of Yukaghir

<p>Clinical chemistry data of monkeys fed on diets containing GM rice or non-GM rice.</p

Magnetocaloric Effect in AlFe₂B₂: Toward Magnetic Refrigerants from Earth-Abundant Elements

AlFe₂B₂ was prepared by two alternative synthetic routes, arc melting and synthesis from Ga flux. In the layered crystal structure, infinite chains of B atoms are connected by Fe atoms into two-dimensional [Fe₂B₂] slabs that alternate with layers of Al atoms. As expected from the theoretical analysis of electronic band structure, the compound exhibits itinerant ferromagnetism, with the ordering temperature of 307 K. The measurement of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) as a function of applied magnetic field reveals isothermal entropy changes of 4.1 J kg^–1 K^–1 at 2 T and 7.7 J kg^–1 K^–1 at 5 T. These are the largest values observed near room temperature for any metal boride and for any magnetic material of the vast 122 family of layered structures. Importantly, AlFe₂B₂ represents a rare case of a lightweight material prepared from earth-abundant, benign reactants which exhibits a substantial MCE while not containing any rare-earth elements

Intraspecific Variation and Phylogenetic Relationships Are Revealed by ITS1 Secondary Structure Analysis and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> - Fig 3

<p><b>DNA Weblogo of the (A) ITS1 and (B) ITS2 regions in strains of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>.</b> Regions represent potential nucleotide variance. Major variance regions are enclosed in boxes.</p

Predicted secondary structure models of the ITS1 rRNA molecule of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>.

<p>Three helices commonly found in the 2D structure of Groups 2 and 3 are numbered from Helix 1 to Helix 3. Four helices found in the 2D structure of Group 1 are numbered from Helix 1 to Helix 4. All substitutions recorded among three groups of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> are mapped on the 2D models.</p

Large-scale evaluation of the ITS2 rRNA secondary structure models.

<p>A) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 1 with one representative secondary structures of each subgroup. B) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 2 with eleven representative secondary structure of each subgroup. C) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 3 with seven representative secondary structures of each subgroup. Each of the subgroups of three groups (A1, B1-B11, C1-C7) chooses a sequence as the representative to predict the secondary structure. Differences (mainly in bulges) are indicated with arrows.</p

Multiple-alignment of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> ITS1 sequences.

<p>A single-nucleotide polymorphism is located at position 180. Cytosines are shaded with light blue, and thymines are shaded with white.</p

Predicted secondary structure models of the ITS2 rRNA molecule of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>.

<p>Four helices commonly found in the 2D structure of Groups 1, 2 and 3 are numbered from Helix 1 to Helix 4. All substitutions recorded among three groups of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> are mapped on the 2D models.</p

Large-scale evaluation of the ITS1 rRNA secondary structure models.

<p>A) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 1 with four representative secondary structures of each subgroup. B) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 2 with eight representative secondary structures of each subgroup. C) <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> Group 3 with five representative secondary structures of each subgroup. Each of the subgroups of three groups (A1-A4, B1-B8, C1-C5) chooses a sequence as the representative to predict the secondary structure. Differences (mainly in bulges) are indicated with arrows.</p

Antagonism tests of seven <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> strains.

<p>The seven <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> strains are indicated with different abbreviations (RB, YS, 203, DB, TK, JQ, and HZ). Antagonistic streaks are indicated with red arrows.</p

Molecular phylogeny of the <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> species used in this study based on the ITS2 rRNA region.

<p>(A) The 50% majority rule consensus tree (Cladogram) from maximum likelihood analyses based on 153 sequences of the ITS2 region. (B) Two groups (1,3 and 2) are identified among <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> sequences. Group 1 (blue part) and Group 3 as the subgroup formed the same group. Branch support is noted on branches (only for the collapsed branches). Both trees are rooted to <i>Trametes versicolor</i>.</p