Additional file 1 of Variations of chlorophyll-a and particulate organic carbon in the Yellow-Bohai Sea: in response to the Typhoon Lekima event

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Current velocity in 1–8th August (a, d), 11–13th August (b, e), and 14–21st August (c, f) for non-typhoon years (top panel) and 2019 (lower panel) in the Yellow-Bohai Sea. Fig. S2. Ekman Pump velocity in 1–8th August (a, d), 11–13th August (b, e) and 14–21st August (c, f) for non-typhoon years (top panel) and 2019 (lower panel) in the Yellow-Bohai Sea. Fig. S3. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in 1–8th August (a, d), 11–13th August (b, e) and 14–21st August (c, f) for non-typhoon years (top panel) and 2019 (lower panel) in the Yellow-Bohai Sea. Fig. S4. Sea surface salinity during 1–8th August (a), 11–13th August (b) and 14–21st August (c) for 2019 as well as the difference (d) between the first and last period in the Yellow-Bohai Sea. Fig. S5. Difference of euphotic depth between 1–8th and 14–21st August in 2019 in the Yellow-Bohai Sea

RETRACTED ARTICLE: The circular RNA ZNF292 alleviates OGD-induced injury in H9c2 cells via targeting BNIP3

We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Cell Cycle, have retracted the following article: Qi Ren, Hu Li and Xiaowen Wang. The circular RNA ZNF292 alleviates OGD-induced injury in H9c2 cells via targeting BNIP3. Cell Cycle. 2019;18(23):3365-3377. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1676585 Since publication, the authors have raised significant concerns about the reliability of the data presented in the article. As the Editor and Publisher also have concerns about the integrity of the reported results, all parties have agreed to retract the article to ensure correction of the scholarly record. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.</p

MOESM1 of Surface deformation of Asama volcano, Japan, detected by time series InSAR combining persistent and distributed scatterers, 2014‒2018

Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables

Video_1_CoAl2O4/Kaoline Hybrid Pigment Prepared via Solid-Phase Method for Anticorrosion Application.MP4

In this study, kaoline is incorporated to prepare CoAl2O4/kaoline hybrid pigments via traditional solid-state reaction, and the introduction of kaoline decreases the preparation temperature for formation of spinel CoAl2O4, and reduces the production cost of cobalt blue as well. More importantly, kaoline may participate in the crystallization of spinel CoAl2O4 during calcining process, and the hybrid pigments prepared using 8.1% Co3O4 and 81.5% kaoline features bright blue and good chemical resistance. Due to the synergistic effect between the sheet-like kaoline and the loaded CoAl2O4, the as-prepared CoAl2O4/kaoline hybrid pigments can be incorporated into epoxy paint system to obtain the high-performance blue anticorrosion coating, especially for acetic acid-salt fog corrosion.</p

Summary of genes involved in PIDs with fungal infections.

<p>Summary of genes involved in PIDs with fungal infections.</p

Schematic overview of crucial mechanisms in antifungal host defense.

<p><b>(A) NADPH oxidase:</b> This protein complex is responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), which both play a role in fungal clearance. <b>(B) CARD9-dependent PRR pathways:</b> After pattern recognition, downstream signaling passes through adaptor molecule CARD9, forming a complex with BCL-10 and MALT1, which drives NF-κB responses. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-β, are secreted. <b>(C) STAT1 and STAT3:</b> Proinflammatory cytokines signal through STAT3, which induces transcription of RORγt, leading to differentiation of naive T cells towards Th17 cell lineage. STAT1 gain-of-function may shift the cellular response from STAT3-mediated Th17 cell-activating cytokines toward hyper-responses of Th17 inhibiting cytokines, such as IL-27, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IFN-α. <b>(D) IL-17 and IL-17 signaling:</b> As key adaptive cytokines in host defense against fungi, IL-17A and IL-17F signal through the IL-17RA/RC heterodimer complex, forming IL-17R-Act1-TRAF6 complex to trigger NF-κB activation. Therefore, patients with IL-17F, IL-17RA, IL-17RC, or Act1 deficiencies have either impaired IL-17 function or impaired IL-17 signaling responses. <b>(E) Autoantibodies against cytokines:</b> Patients with AIRE deficiency develop high levels of neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-17A, IL-17F, and/or IL-22, which directly antagonize IL-17 and IL-22 responses. DC, dendritic cell; TLR, toll-like receptor; MR, mannose receptor; FcγR, Fcγ receptor; CARD9, caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9; Syk, spleen tyrosine kinase; BCL-10, B cell lymphoma/leukemia 10; MALT1, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; MHC II, major histocompatibility complex class II; TCR, T cell receptor; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; RORγt, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t; Th17 cell, T helper 17 cell; RA, receptor A; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6.</p

Kinetic Study and Rate Coefficient Calculations of the Reaction of 1‑Hydroxyethyl Radical with Nitric Oxide

The kinetic study of the reaction of 1-hydroxyethyl radicals (CH3CHOH) with nitric oxide (NO) was performed over the temperature range of 200–1100 K and the pressure range of 1.0 × 10–5 to 10.0 bar. The geometries of all of the stationary points were optimized at the B3LYP/6–311++G­(df,pd) level of theory, and the energetics were refined at the CCSD­(T)/cc-pVTZ level of theory. Eight reaction pathways were explored, and they all consisted of a common first step involving the formation of a deep potential well. Three favorable pathways were confirmed, and they were the channels producing the adducts CH3CO­(NHOH) and CH3NOHCHO and the products H2O and CH3CNO. The Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel −Marcus-canonical variational transition state theory method with Eckart tunneling correction was used to calculate the rate coefficients of the system. The predicted total rate coefficients agree well with the available literature data and show negative temperature dependence and positive pressure dependence. The reaction producing the adduct CH3CHOHNO in the entrance channel is dominant at 1.0 bar, and its branching ratio is almost 100% at a temperature less than 670 K. At 3.0 Torr, it is only dominant at a temperature less than 600 K

Conformational Behavior of Grafted Weak Polyelectrolyte Chains: Effects of Counterion Condensation and Nonelectrostatic Anion Adsorption

Poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEM) is completely charged, partially charged, and uncharged at pH 4, 7, and 10, respectively. We have investigated the salt effects on the conformational change of PDEM chains grafted on a surface at different pH by using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The changes in frequency (Δf) and dissipation (ΔD) in QCM-D measurements demonstrate that the conformational behavior is governed by counterion condensation at pH 4 and 7 but by nonelectrostatic anion adsorption at pH 10. The addition of Na2SO4 induces more collapse of the grafted layer than that of NaClO3 at pH 4 and 7. However, they have a similar effect at pH 10. The shift of resonance unit (ΔRU) in SPR measurements reflects the changes of layer thickness and layer refractive index. At pH 4, ΔRU decreases with ionic strength in the presence of Na2SO4, indicating the decrease of layer thickness or the chain collapse. However, ΔRU exhibits a minimum as the ionic strength increases in the case of NaClO3. This is because the effects of the layer thickness and refractive index are dominant in the low and high ionic strength regimes, respectively. At pH 7, ΔRU slightly varies with ionic strength in the case of either Na2SO4 or NaClO3, indicating that the effects of the layer thickness and refractive index are comparable during the layer collapse. At pH 10, the shift in ΔRU suggests that the nonelectrostatic anion adsorption governs the conformational behavior of the PDEM chains

Effect of Surface Wettability on Ion-Specific Protein Adsorption

We have systematically investigated the effect of surface wettability on ion-specific adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) by using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The changes in frequency (Δ<i>f</i>) and resonance unit (ΔRU) show a nonmonotonous change of the adsorbed amount of BSA as a function of molar fraction of 1-dodecanethiol (<i>x</i>_DDT) of the self-assembled monolayer at pH 3.8, while the amount of adsorbed protein gradually increases with the <i>x</i>_DDT at pH 7.4. The small changes of dissipation (Δ<i>D</i>) indicate that BSA molecules form a quite rigid protein layer on the surfaces, which results in only a slight difference in the adsorbed mass between the mass-uptake estimations from the Sauerbrey equation and the Voigt model. The difference in the adsorbed mass between QCM-D and SPR measurements is attributed to the coupled water in the protein layer. On the other hand, specific anion effect is observed in the BSA adsorption at pH 3.8 with the exception of the surface at <i>x</i>_DDT of 0%, but no obvious cation specificity can be observed at pH 7.4. The Δ<i>D–</i>Δ<i>f</i> plots show that the BSA adsorption at pH 3.8 has two distinct kinetic processes. The first one dominated by the protein–surface interactions is an anion-nonspecific process, whereas the second one dominated by the protein structural rearrangements is an anion-specific process. At pH 7.4, the second kinetic process can only be observed at the relatively hydrophobic surfaces, and no cation specificity is observed in the first and second kinetic processes

Continuous and Scalable Manufacture of Coal-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Dominated with Mesopores for High Rate-Performance Supercapacitors

The continuous and scalable manufacture of porous carbon electrode materials with controlled pore architecture holds paramount importance in the development of efficient and sustainable energy storage systems. Herein, a green and industrially feasible physical activation strategy was proposed to produce heteroatom self-doped hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) by using polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as a sacrificial template and cross-linking agent and low-rank coal as a low-cost precursor. The optimal HPC-20 has highly interconnected multiscale pore structure, large specific surface area, and heteroatom-enriched surfaces. The synergistic effect of these advantages provides HPC-20 with a variety of benefits, including fast charge/discharge rates and abundant energy storage sites. Specifically, HPC-20 exhibited an appreciable specific capacitance of 304 F g–1 at 0.5 A g–1 and an excellent rate performance (capacitance retention of 65.8% at 50 A g–1). Furthermore, the symmetric supercapacitor achieved a maximum energy density of 23.1 W h kg–1 at a power density of 450 W kg–1 in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolytes. This work proposes an approach for the large-scale production of porous carbon with a controllable pore structure from low-rank coal