Long-term effects of reclamation on A) EC, B) salinity, and C) pH of coastal soils.

<p>* and ** indicate significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05 and <i>p</i><0.01 level, respectively.</p

Long-term effects of agricultural cultivation on the compositions of A) cations and B) anions.

<p>Long-term effects of agricultural cultivation on the compositions of A) cations and B) anions.</p

Long-term influences of reclamation on stratification ratios of A) SOC, B) TN, and C) TP.

<p>* and ** indicate significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05 and <i>p</i><0.01 level, respectively.</p

Long-term effects of reclamation on A) SOC, B) TN, and C) TP of the coastal marsh.

<p>* and ** indicate significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05 and <i>p</i><0.01 level, respectively.</p

Organic and chemical fertilizer applications during 1950s–1990s (source from the reference [23]).

<p>Organic and chemical fertilizer applications during 1950s–1990s (source from the reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0093727#pone.0093727-Liu1" target="_blank">[23]</a>).</p

Nitrogen and phosphorus inputs of organic and chemical fertilizer applications in 2007 (source from the reference [24]).

<p>Nitrogen and phosphorus inputs of organic and chemical fertilizer applications in 2007 (source from the reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0093727#pone.0093727-Zhu1" target="_blank">[24]</a>).</p

Long-term effects of reclamation on A) SAR, B) ESP, and C) RSC of the coastal marsh.

<p>^* indicates significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Development and evaluation of a speech-generating AAC mobile app for minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder in Mainland China

The training procedure checklist for phases I–V. (DOCX 16 kb

Human and Bovine Viruses and Bacteria at Three Great Lakes Beaches: Environmental Variable Associations and Health Risk

Waterborne pathogens were measured at three beaches in Lake Michigan, environmental factors for predicting pathogen concentrations were identified, and the risk of swimmer infection and illness was estimated. Waterborne pathogens were detected in 96% of samples collected at three Lake Michigan beaches in summer, 2010. Samples were quantified for 22 pathogens in four microbial categories (human viruses, bovine viruses, protozoa, and pathogenic bacteria). All beaches had detections of human and bovine viruses and pathogenic bacteria indicating influence of multiple contamination sources at these beaches. Occurrence ranged from 40 to 87% for human viruses, 65–87% for pathogenic bacteria, and 13–35% for bovine viruses. Enterovirus, adenovirus A, <i>Salmonella spp.</i>, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>, bovine polyomavirus, and bovine rotavirus A were present most frequently. Variables selected in multiple regression models used to explore environmental factors that influence pathogens included wave direction, cloud cover, currents, and water temperature. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment was done for <i>C. jejuni</i>, <i>Salmonella spp.</i>, and enteroviruses to estimate risk of infection and illness. Median infection risks for one-time swimming events were approximately 3 × 10^–5, 7 × 10^–9, and 3 × 10^–7 for <i>C. jejuni</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and enteroviruses, respectively. Results highlight the importance of investigating multiple pathogens within multiple categories to avoid underestimating the prevalence and risk of waterborne pathogens