Improving Packet Caching Scalability Through the Concept of an Explicit End of Data Marker

The web has witnessed an explosion of dynamic content generation to provide web users with an interactive and personalized experience. While traditional web caching techniques work well when redundancy occurs on an object-level basis (page, image, etc.), the use of dynamic content presents unique challenges. Although past work has addressed mechanisms for detecting redundancy despite dynamic content, the scalability of such techniques is limited. In this thesis, an effective and highly scalable approach, Explicit End of Data (EEOD) is presented, which allows the content designer to easily signal boundaries between cacheable and non-cacheable content. EEOD provides application-to-stack mechanisms to guarantee separation of packets with the end goal of simplifying packet-level caching mechanisms. Most importantly, EEOD does not require client-side modifications and can function in a variety of server-sideetwork deployment modes. Additionally, experimental studies are presented, showing EEOD offers 25% and 30% relative improvements in terms of bandwidth efficiency and retrieval time over current approaches in the literature

Table_1_Reproducing experiential meaning in translation: A systemic functional linguistics analysis on translating ancient Chinese poetry and prose in political texts.docx

Ancient Chinese poetry and prose (ACPP) are the essence of traditional Chinese culture and also literary gems of the world. Despite the long tradition of previous Chinese Presidents using ACPP in their political addresses, the translation work on the three volumes of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China with much ACPP still poses a daunting challenge to the translation of literary texts in non-literary texts. As experiential meaning is inherent in all kinds of texts, literature, and non-literature, this study, drawing on the sights of Halliday's experiential mode of meaning and register theory in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), explored how the ACPP's experiential meaning was rendered in the political texts, and factors motivating transitivity patterns and shift tendencies. Statistics showed that the translations tend to reproduce the experiential meaning such that it involves more representations of the flow of events and the creation of relationships among entities, focusing more on construing the experience of the physical world rather than personal emotions, feelings, or cognition. Besides, the target text is also inclined to simplify the experiential meaning by compressing and omitting unnecessary transitivity processes and the participant and circumstance nominalization. This research found that the factors responsible for such tendencies include the features of political texts, language differences, the distribution of process types, the delicacy of the transitivity system, and register variations of fields of activity. With these findings, the study is expected to contribute to the SFL approach of studying literary translation in non-literary texts through the prism of experiential meaning and offer guidance in the translation of political literature with ACPP.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Fast Identification of Soybean Seed Varieties Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined With Convolutional Neural Network.pdf

Soybean seed purity is a critical factor in agricultural products, standardization of seed quality, and food processing. In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as an effective technology was successfully used to identify ten varieties of soybean seeds. We improved the traditional sample preparation scheme for LIBS. Instead of grinding and squashing, we propose a time-efficient method by pressing soybean seeds into rubber sand filled with culture plates through a ruler to ensure a relatively uniform surface height. In our experimental scheme, three LIBS spectra were finally collected for each soybean seed. A majority vote based on three spectra was applied as the final decision judging the attribution of a single soybean seed. The results showed that the support vector machine (SVM) obtained the optimal identification accuracy of 90% in the prediction set. In addition, PCA-ResNet (propagation coefficient adaptive ResNet) and PCSA-ResNet (propagation coefficient synchronous adaptive ResNet) were designed based on typical ResNet structure by changing the way of self-adaption of propagation coefficients. Combined with a new form of input data called spectral matrix, PCSA-ResNet obtained the optimal performance with the discriminate accuracy of 91.75% in the prediction set. T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the clustering process of the extracted features by PCSA-ResNet. For the interpretation of the good performance of PCSA-ResNet coupled with the spectral matrix, saliency maps were further applied to visually show the pixel positions of the spectral matrix that had a significant influence on the discrimination results, indicating that the content and proportion of elements in soybean seeds could reflect the variety differences.</p

Additional file 1 of An observational study of the effects of smoking cessation earlier on the clinical characteristics and course of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Supplementary Material

Additional file 2 of An observational study of the effects of smoking cessation earlier on the clinical characteristics and course of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Supplementary Material

Clearable Shortwave-Infrared-Emitting NaErF₄ Nanoparticles for Noninvasive Dynamic Vascular Imaging

Nanoprobes with emissions in the tissue-penetrating shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000–1700 nm) range hold promise for noninvasive angiographic imaging of small animals. However, limited success has been achieved in SWIR-emitting contrast agents beyond 1500 nm that can be cleared out from the body. Here, we describe a class of clearable, 1525 nm-emitting NaErF4-based nanoparticles that enable dynamic vasculature imaging of the whole body at a high spatial resolution (∼58 μm) under biocompatible 808 nm excitation (avoiding the biological heating effect with typically used 980 nm excitation). We made a systematic investigation of the effects of the crystal phase (hexagonal and cubic), the core@shell structure, the lattice mismatch between the core and the shell (NaLnF4, Ln = Y, Lu, or Gd), and the shell thickness on SWIR luminescence. The brightest nanoparticles were determined to be hexagonal (β)-phase core@shell NaErF4@NaYF4 nanoparticles (β-Er@Y-NPs, size 13 nm) that have the lowest core@shell lattice mismatch and a shell thickness of ∼3 nm, presenting SWIR luminescence about ∼180-fold higher than that of the parent core NPs. Intravenous (IV) administration of aqueous β-Er@Y NPs (at a dose of 5 mg/kg) enabled a clear through-skull brain vessel imaging without craniotomy and dynamic vasculature imaging of the whole body. A pharmacokinetic study indicates a near-complete clearance of these core@shell nanoparticles primarily through feces at 14 days post IV injection. Histological studies of internal organ tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) and blood biochemical analysis demonstrate low toxicities of these NPs. Our results here provide a new class of clearable SWIR-emitting NPs as imaging contrast agents for high-resolution in vivo biological studies

Disulfide Bond in Diethyl Disulfide: A Rotational Spectroscopic Study

Diethyl disulfide was investigated by pulsed jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. The spectroscopic study was complemented by <i>ab initio</i> calculations. The first two most stable conformers predicted at the MP2/6-311++G­(d,p) level of theory were observed in the supersonic expansion. Two ¹³C and one ³⁴S isotopologues for the most stable conformer (<i>GGG</i>) and two ³⁴S isotopes for the second most stable form (<i>GGG</i>′) were also assigned in natural abundance, respectively, allowing a thorough investigation of the molecular structure and conformation. The relative population ratio of the two conformers in the supersonic expansion was estimated to be about 4:1

Clearable Shortwave-Infrared-Emitting NaErF₄ Nanoparticles for Noninvasive Dynamic Vascular Imaging

Nanoprobes with emissions in the tissue-penetrating shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000–1700 nm) range hold promise for noninvasive angiographic imaging of small animals. However, limited success has been achieved in SWIR-emitting contrast agents beyond 1500 nm that can be cleared out from the body. Here, we describe a class of clearable, 1525 nm-emitting NaErF4-based nanoparticles that enable dynamic vasculature imaging of the whole body at a high spatial resolution (∼58 μm) under biocompatible 808 nm excitation (avoiding the biological heating effect with typically used 980 nm excitation). We made a systematic investigation of the effects of the crystal phase (hexagonal and cubic), the core@shell structure, the lattice mismatch between the core and the shell (NaLnF4, Ln = Y, Lu, or Gd), and the shell thickness on SWIR luminescence. The brightest nanoparticles were determined to be hexagonal (β)-phase core@shell NaErF4@NaYF4 nanoparticles (β-Er@Y-NPs, size 13 nm) that have the lowest core@shell lattice mismatch and a shell thickness of ∼3 nm, presenting SWIR luminescence about ∼180-fold higher than that of the parent core NPs. Intravenous (IV) administration of aqueous β-Er@Y NPs (at a dose of 5 mg/kg) enabled a clear through-skull brain vessel imaging without craniotomy and dynamic vasculature imaging of the whole body. A pharmacokinetic study indicates a near-complete clearance of these core@shell nanoparticles primarily through feces at 14 days post IV injection. Histological studies of internal organ tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) and blood biochemical analysis demonstrate low toxicities of these NPs. Our results here provide a new class of clearable SWIR-emitting NPs as imaging contrast agents for high-resolution in vivo biological studies

Additional file 1 of Five crucial prognostic-related autophagy genes stratified female breast cancer patients aged 40–60 years

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The expression of the five hubs prognostic AGs on the protein level. The database provided immunohistochemistry (IHC) results using a tissue microarray (TMA)-based analysis of the corresponding proteins in PC patients and adjacent normal tissues. IHC staining for each gene was done using the same antibodies in tumor tissues as in normal tissues. However, the estimation of protein expression could not be performed