Perpustakaan Umum Malang Dengan Kombinasi Taman Vertikal Dan Ventilasi Untuk Perancangan Ruang Baca

Kualitas udara dalam ruang merupakan sebuah interaksi yang dapat berubah baiksecara konstan mau pun tidak yang diakibatkan oleh beberapa faktor yangmempengaruhi baik dari lingkungan luar mau pun lingkungan dalam. Salah saturuangan yang berpotensi tinggi untuk mengalami masalah polusi udara dalam ruangadalah ruang perpustakaan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kondisi lingkungan eksternalseperti debu yang terbawa angin dan kondisi internal yaitu bakteri yang terbawa padabuku-buku lama yang dihirup oleh pelaku aktifitas perpustakaan. Dari faktor eksternal,salah satu penyebabnya ialah debu, tanah, dan polutan yang terbawa di udara masuk kedalam ruang perpustakaan. Pengoperasian sistem ventilasi bangunan berperan pentingdalam membawa udara masuk ke dalam ruangan. Salah satu strategi yang telahdisebutkan ialah penggunaan filter. Filter pada ventilasi berfungsi sebagai penyerappolusi yang terbawa angin luar masuk ke ruang dalam. Terdapat beberapa cara untukfiltrasi pada bangunan salah satunya adalah taman vertikal. Diharapkan penggunaankombinasi taman vertikal dan ventilasi dapat menjadi sumber penghawaan alami yangtetap memperhatikan kualitas udara dalam pada perpustakaan agar masalah buruknyakualitas udara ruang dalam pada perpustakaan dapat direduksi

Genome-wide Association Study of Resistant Starch (RS) Phenotypes in a Barley Variety Collection

Barley is primarily grown for feed and malt, but in some regions of the world it is also considered to be a staple food. Some barley types such as high-amylose barley have also gained importance as health-promoting foods. Starch that is not readily digested in the upper mammalian gastrointestinal system, or resistant starch (RS), is considered to be valuable because it prevents some diet-related diseases such as colon cancer. RS was quantified in a diverse collection of 209 spring barley varieties released in Europe during the past 100 years. The RS content varied from <1% to >15% in the collection, with 13 varieties having high RS content (>11%) and 15 varieties below 1%. Combined with genome-wide association scanning (GWAS), SNP markers and candidate genes controlling the RS content in grains were identified. This identified 40 SNP markers with a LOD score above 2, located on chromosomes 2H, 3H, 5H, and 6H, respectively. Among these SNPs, 10 genes with a known role in starch biosynthesis were associated on the basis of synteny conservation to the rice genome. The β-glucan content was quantified in 61 varieties selected to represent extreme as well as medium RS values. The β-glucan amount in the 15 varieties with RS <1% ranged from 1.7 to 3.2%, ranged from 1.76 to 2.54% in the 13 varieties with RS >11%, and ranged from 1.95 to 2.82% for those with 1%< RS < 11%. No statistically significant correlation between RS content and β-glucan content was found. This association analysis of commercial varieties revealed a large variation in RS content and identified a number of SNP markers that can be explored for selection and further dissection of the pathway and control of RS phenotype

The Labouring Mother

Annotation of unigenes targeted by miRNA

Additional file 7: Table S2. of The Nup98 Homolog APIP12 Targeted by the Effector AvrPiz-t is Involved in Rice Basal Resistance Against Magnaporthe oryzae

Primers used in this study. (DOC 69 kb

Data_Sheet_1_Presence of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in Human Children and Its Potential Role in the Modulation of Human Gut Immunity.docx

<p>Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are commensal organisms that grow by anchoring a specialized holdfast structure to the intestinal walls of a variety of animals. Interaction of SFB with Peyer’s patches in mice promotes the post-natal maturation of the immune system. We previously reported that the colonization of SFB in humans mainly occurs by 36 months of age, and is difficult to be detected afterward. In this study, we measured the level of SFB in intestinal fluids of human children. SFB were found via qPCR to represent a small fraction of the whole SFB-positive microbiota (10⁵ SFB in 10¹¹ total bacteria). Bacteria with filamentous segmented morphology were observed in intestinal fluids via fluorescent in situ hybridization, and from gut biopsies via scanning electron microscopy. SFB-specific DNA and peptide fragments were also identified via multiple displacement amplification PCR and mass spectrometry. There was an overall positive correlation between the presence of SFB and the titer of total secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), which is more apparent in intestinal fluids of the age group of 8–36 months. Afterward there was a decline of SFB in numbers correlated with a reduction of total sIgA. RT-qPCR analysis of the terminal ileal biopsies revealed that the expression of Th17 pathway genes were induced in SFB-positive samples, while the markers of T and B cell receptor signaling pathways were also upregulated. Collectively, these data suggest that SFB is a rare member of microbiota, and may play an important role in the development of human gut immunity.</p