Highly Efficient and Safe Delivery of VEGF siRNA by Bioreducible Fluorinated Peptide Dendrimers for Cancer Therapy

RNA interference (RNAi) has a great promise in treating various acquired and hereditary diseases. However, it remains highly desirable to develop new delivery system to circumvent complex extra- and intracellular barriers for successful clinical translation. Here, we report on a versatile polymeric vector, bioreducible fluorinated peptide dendrimers (BFPD), for efficient and safe small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. In virtue of skillfully integrating all of the unique advantages of reversible cross-linking, fluorination, and peptide dendrimers, this novel vector can surmount almost all extra- and intracellular barriers associated with local siRNA delivery through highly improved physiological stability and serum resistance, significantly increased intratumoral enrichment, cellular internalization, successful facilitation of endosomal escape, and cytosolic siRNA release. BFPD polyplexes, carrying small interfering vascular endothelial growth factor (siVEGF), demonstrated excellent VEGF silencing efficacy (∼65%) and a strong capability for inhibiting HeLa cell proliferation. More importantly, these polyplexes showed superior performance in long-term enrichment in the tumor sites and had a high level of tumor growth inhibition. Furthermore, these polyplexes not only exhibited excellent in vivo antitumor efficacy but also demonstrated superior biocompatibility, compared with LPF2000, both in vivo and in vitro. These findings indicate that BFPD is an efficient and safe siRNA delivery system and has remarkable potential for RNAi-based cancer treatment

Promotional Effects of Mesoporous Zeolites with Pt Nanoparticle Catalysts during Reforming of Methylcyclopentane

Selective C–C and C–H bond activations are an important catalytic process to produce various value-added hydrocarbons via reforming processes. For producing desired product with a high yield, control of reaction pathway through the design of catalyst and fundamental understanding and clarification of reaction mechanism are prerequisite. In this work, we designed heterogeneous catalysts by combining Pt nanoparticles and two different mesoporous zeolites with microporous frameworks of BEA and MFI for the hydrogenative model reforming reaction of hydrocarbon (i.e., methylcyclopentane). Depending on the catalyst combination, the reaction pathways of (i) dehydrogenation, (ii) ring-opening with isomerization, and ring-enlargement with (iii) hydrogenation and (iv) dehydrogenation of C5-cyclic ring to C6-cyclic ring (i.e., cyclohexane and benzene) can be controlled to produce various products with high yields. Furthermore, we revealed a reaction intermediate formed at the interface of Pt and zeolite by real-time surface vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopic studies. This study would provide practical and fundamental insights for design of heterogeneous catalyst for controlling reaction pathways

Additional file 2: of Anti-fibrotic, anti-VEGF or radiotherapy treatments as adjuvants for pterygium excision: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Quality assessment for included trials (PDF 513 kb

Complete success and qualified success comparing antimetabolites with anti-VEGF agents.

<p>RCT  =  prospective randomized controlled trial; Pro  =  prospective non-randomized.</p

Subgroup analysis evaluating the effect of trial design on percentage IOP reduction.

<p>RCT  =  prospective randomized controlled trial; Retro  =  retrospective; Pro  =  prospective non-randomized.</p

Quality scoring components for 9 clinical trials included.

<p>Quality scoring components for 9 clinical trials included.</p

Complete success and qualified success comparing antimetabolites with anti-VEGF agents combined with antimetabolites.

<p>RCT  =  prospective randomized controlled trial; Pro  =  prospective non-randomized.</p

Adverse events.

<p>Adverse events.</p

Additional file 1 of Photodynamic and nitric oxide therapy-based synergistic antimicrobial nanoplatform: an advanced root canal irrigation system for endodontic bacterial infections

Additional file 1: Table S1. Ce6 loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the CGP. Fig. S1. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of G-PEG-PCL. Fig. S2. The stability of CGP during 14 days. Fig. S3. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of free Ce6, CPP, and CGP. Fig. S4. Fluorescence emission spectra of free Ce6, CP, and CGP. Fig. S5. Total ROS generation profiles of different groups over various durations. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 3, **** p ≤ 0.0001. Comparison between CGP+Laser versus other groups. Fig. S6. Representative images of plate samples of Enterococcus faecalis after various treatments. Fig. S7. bacterial viability of Enterococcus faecalis after various treatments. Fig. S8. HE staining of heart, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney in healthy group and CGP+Laser treated AP group

Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy of 1,3-Butadiene Hydrogenation on 4 nm Pt@SiO₂, Pd@SiO₂, and Rh@SiO₂ Core–Shell Catalysts

1,3-Butadiene (1,3-BD) hydrogenation was performed on 4 nm Pt, Pd, and Rh nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in SiO₂ shells at 20, 60, and 100 °C. The core–shells were grown around polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated NPs (Stöber encapsulation) prepared by colloidal synthesis. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was performed to correlate surface intermediates observed in situ with reaction selectivity. It is shown that calcination is effective in removing PVP, and the SFG signal can be generated from the metal surface. Using SFG, it is possible to compare the surface vibrational spectrum of Pt@SiO₂ (1,3-BD is hydrogenated through multiple paths and produces butane, 1-butene, and <i>cis</i>/<i>trans</i>-2-butene) to Pd@SiO₂ (1,3-BD favors one path and produces 1-butene and <i>cis</i>/<i>trans</i>-2-butene). In contrast to Pt@SiO₂ and Pd@SiO₂, SFG and kinetic experiments of Rh@SiO₂ show a permanent accumulation of organic material