Konsep Proses Pemesinan Berkelanjutan

Metal industrial machining usually strongth pressure from all sectors, ether raw material industries or user metal industries. Manufacturint process which offered to all sectors industries or companies that sustainable manufakturing consist of three main factor are efective cost, enviroment and social performance

GRATITUDE ET BIEN-ÊTRE SOCIAL : MÉCANISMES EXPLICATIFS DES EFFETS DE LA GRATITUDE SUR LE BIEN-ÊTRE INDIVIDUEL ET COLLECTIF

La gratitude a été définie comme une émotion sociale agréable qui génère de nombreuses conséquences positives sur la santé physique, mentale et sociale par le biais d’une augmentation de la capacité à apprécier les expériences, à percevoir des bénéfices même en cas d’adversité, et à développer, maintenir et améliorer les relations sociales. Toutefois, loin d’être un état dont les effets ne bénéficieraient qu’à l’individu, la gratitude engendre également des effets bénéfiques pour autrui, notamment par le biais de son expression : l’expression de gratitude génère un sentiment d’utilité et de valeur sociale chez l’interlocuteur, augmentant par-là le bien-être psychologique. Au-delà du simple effet de contagion émotionnelle, la gratitude entraîne une amélioration réciproque des relations, ce qui favorise le maintien ou l’amélioration des relations sociales constructives, auxquelles le bien-être est étroitement lié. Les mécanismes explicatifs des liens entre gratitude et bien-être individuel et collectif sont présentés, ainsi que des perspectives de recherche et d’applications pratiques.Gratitude has been defined as a social emotion which generates numerous positive consequences on physical, mental and social well-being through the development of the ability to savor experiences, to find benefits even when facing adversity, and to develop, maintain, and increase positive relationships. However, far from leading to a state in which the effects would only benefit the individual, gratitude generates beneficial effects for others as well. Expressing gratitude generates feelings of social utility and social worth which positively impact psychological well-being of the receiving party. Beyond emotional contagion, through which relatives benefit from others’ positive emotions, gratitude opens a pathway that nurtures mutual positive relationships, thereby ensuring maintenance or increased well-being. The present article explains the mechanisms through which gratitude positively impacts individual and collective well-being, and presents further research and practical avenues

Suppressing Cyclic Polymerization for Isoselective Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Linear Polylactide Catalyzed by Sodium/Potassium Sulfonamidate Complexes

A new sodium/potassium crown ether complex system with a series of bichelating sulfonamides as ligands was developed for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of <i>rac</i>-lactide. In this system, the side reaction of cyclic polymerization can be suppressed very well because of very different ROP rates initiated by BnOH and sulfonamide anion. The synthesis of high molecular weight linear polylactide with molecular weight high up to 107 kg/mol was successful. The best isoselectivity also can reach to a high value of <i>P</i>_m = 0.84. The NMR analysis of the reaction mixture of <i>rac</i>-lactide and complex <b>3</b> together with kinetic studies suggests the mechanism of ROP in the absence of alcohol is a coordination–insertion mechanism. After addition of BnOH, the ROP rate can increase remarkably due to the cooperation interaction of alcohol and complex <b>3</b>

Isolation and X‑ray Crystal Structures of Triarylphosphine Radical Cations

Salts containing triarylphosphine radical cations <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> and <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> have been isolated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Radical <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> exhibits a relaxed pyramidal geometry, while radical <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> becomes fully planar. EPR studies and theoretical calculations showed that the introduction of bulky aryl groups leads to enhanced p character of the singly occupied molecular orbital, and the radicals become less pyramidalized or fully flattened

Suppressing Cyclic Polymerization for Isoselective Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Linear Polylactide Catalyzed by Sodium/Potassium Sulfonamidate Complexes

A new sodium/potassium crown ether complex system with a series of bichelating sulfonamides as ligands was developed for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of <i>rac</i>-lactide. In this system, the side reaction of cyclic polymerization can be suppressed very well because of very different ROP rates initiated by BnOH and sulfonamide anion. The synthesis of high molecular weight linear polylactide with molecular weight high up to 107 kg/mol was successful. The best isoselectivity also can reach to a high value of <i>P</i>_m = 0.84. The NMR analysis of the reaction mixture of <i>rac</i>-lactide and complex <b>3</b> together with kinetic studies suggests the mechanism of ROP in the absence of alcohol is a coordination–insertion mechanism. After addition of BnOH, the ROP rate can increase remarkably due to the cooperation interaction of alcohol and complex <b>3</b>

Isolation and X‑ray Crystal Structures of Triarylphosphine Radical Cations

Salts containing triarylphosphine radical cations <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> and <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> have been isolated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Radical <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> exhibits a relaxed pyramidal geometry, while radical <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> becomes fully planar. EPR studies and theoretical calculations showed that the introduction of bulky aryl groups leads to enhanced p character of the singly occupied molecular orbital, and the radicals become less pyramidalized or fully flattened

Suppressing Cyclic Polymerization for Isoselective Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Linear Polylactide Catalyzed by Sodium/Potassium Sulfonamidate Complexes

A new sodium/potassium crown ether complex system with a series of bichelating sulfonamides as ligands was developed for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of <i>rac</i>-lactide. In this system, the side reaction of cyclic polymerization can be suppressed very well because of very different ROP rates initiated by BnOH and sulfonamide anion. The synthesis of high molecular weight linear polylactide with molecular weight high up to 107 kg/mol was successful. The best isoselectivity also can reach to a high value of <i>P</i>_m = 0.84. The NMR analysis of the reaction mixture of <i>rac</i>-lactide and complex <b>3</b> together with kinetic studies suggests the mechanism of ROP in the absence of alcohol is a coordination–insertion mechanism. After addition of BnOH, the ROP rate can increase remarkably due to the cooperation interaction of alcohol and complex <b>3</b>

Isolation and X‑ray Crystal Structures of Triarylphosphine Radical Cations

Salts containing triarylphosphine radical cations <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> and <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> have been isolated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Radical <b>1</b>^<b>•+</b> exhibits a relaxed pyramidal geometry, while radical <b>2</b>^<b>•+</b> becomes fully planar. EPR studies and theoretical calculations showed that the introduction of bulky aryl groups leads to enhanced p character of the singly occupied molecular orbital, and the radicals become less pyramidalized or fully flattened

A Crystalline Phosphaalkene Radical Anion

Salts containing phosphaalkene radical anions have been isolated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The radical anions feature elongated P–C bonds and an aromatization of fulvene compared to the neutral phosphaalkene. Their EPR spectra and theoretical calculations indicate the spin density of the radicals mainly resides on phosphorus atoms. This work provides the first example of a crystalline phosphaalkene radical anion

Alkali-Metal Monophenolates with a Sandwich-Type Catalytic Center as Catalysts for Highly Isoselective Polymerization of <i>rac</i>-Lactide

Highly isoselective ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of <i>rac</i>-lactide is a challenge for sodium and potassium complexes under mild conditions. In this work, three sodium and potassium complexes with a sandwich-type catalytic center are highly active catalysts for the polymerization of <i>rac</i>-lactide and show high isoselectivities with <i>P</i>_<i>m</i> values of 0.72–0.82. The best isoselectivity of <i>P</i>_<i>m</i> = 0.82 is the highest value for alkali-metal complexes under mild conditions. The molecular weights of the obtained PLA are close to the theoretical values, and the molecular weight distributions are narrow