Chaotropic Effect-Induced Sol–Gel Transition and Radical Stabilization for Bacterially Sensitive Near-Infrared Photothermal Therapy

Deep-seated bacterial infections (DBIs) are stubborn and deeply penetrate tissues. Eliminating deep-seated bacteria and promoting tissue regeneration remain great challenges. Here, a novel radical-containing hydrogel (SFT-B Gel) cross-linked by a chaotropic effect was designed for the sensing of DBIs and near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT). A silk fibroin solution stained with 4,4′,4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium) (TPT3+) was employed as the backbone, which could be cross-linked by a closo-dodecaborate cluster (B12H122–) through a chaotropic effect to form the SFT-B Gel. More interestingly, the SFT-B Gel exhibited the ability to sense DBIs, which could generate a TPT2+• radical with obvious color changes in the presence of bacteria. The radical-containing SFT-B Gel (SFT-B★ Gel) possessed strong NIR-II absorption and a remarkable photothermal effect, thus demonstrating excellent NIR-II PTT antibacterial activity for the treatment of DBIs. This work provides a new approach for the construction of intelligent hydrogels with unique properties using a chaotropic effect

Iron-Catalyzed Thiolation and Selenylation of Cycloalkyl Hydroperoxides via C–C Bond Cleavage

A cheap iron-catalyzed C–C bond cleavage/thiolation and selenylation of cycloalkyl hydroperoxides are presented. This redox-neutral protocol provides efficient access to diverse distal keto-functionalized thioethers and selenium compounds. Remarkably, only some amounts of disulfides are required for this transformation

Chaotropic Effect-Induced Sol–Gel Transition and Radical Stabilization for Bacterially Sensitive Near-Infrared Photothermal Therapy

Deep-seated bacterial infections (DBIs) are stubborn and deeply penetrate tissues. Eliminating deep-seated bacteria and promoting tissue regeneration remain great challenges. Here, a novel radical-containing hydrogel (SFT-B Gel) cross-linked by a chaotropic effect was designed for the sensing of DBIs and near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT). A silk fibroin solution stained with 4,4′,4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium) (TPT3+) was employed as the backbone, which could be cross-linked by a closo-dodecaborate cluster (B12H122–) through a chaotropic effect to form the SFT-B Gel. More interestingly, the SFT-B Gel exhibited the ability to sense DBIs, which could generate a TPT2+• radical with obvious color changes in the presence of bacteria. The radical-containing SFT-B Gel (SFT-B★ Gel) possessed strong NIR-II absorption and a remarkable photothermal effect, thus demonstrating excellent NIR-II PTT antibacterial activity for the treatment of DBIs. This work provides a new approach for the construction of intelligent hydrogels with unique properties using a chaotropic effect

Frequencies of the haplotypes formed by rs7528684, rs10489678 and rs7522061 SNPs in AR patients and healthy control individuals.

<p>AR, allergic rhinitis.</p><p>Frequencies of the haplotypes formed by rs7528684, rs10489678 and rs7522061 SNPs in AR patients and healthy control individuals.</p

Frequencies of alleles and genotypes of FCRL3 polymorphisms in AR patients and controls.

<p>AR, allergic rhinitis; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism. Pc: Corrected p value; OR: odds ratios</p><p>Frequencies of alleles and genotypes of FCRL3 polymorphisms in AR patients and controls.</p

FCRL3 gene might be involved into the autoimmunity sensitization phase in the pathogenesis of AR.

<p>PC: plasma cell, MC: mast cell, Eos: eosinophilic granulocyte.</p

Primers and restriction enzymes used for RFLP analysis of the FcRL3 gene.

<p>Primers and restriction enzymes used for RFLP analysis of the FcRL3 gene.</p

Cucurbit[8]uril Regulated Activatable Supramolecular Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy

Activatable photosensitizers (aPSs) have emerged as promising photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents for simultaneous imaging and selective ablation of cancer. However, traditional synthetic aPSs are limited by complex design and tedious synthesis. Here, aPS regulated by cucurbit[8]­uril (CB[8]) for targeted cancer imaging and PDT is reported. This system is based on the host–guest interaction between biotinylated toluidine blue (TB-B) and CB[8] to form 2TB-B@CB[8]. Moreover, a facile strategy to turn off/on the fluorescence and photodynamic activity of TB-B is developed through the reversible assembly/disassembly of 2TB-B@CB[8]. This established system can achieve selective accumulation in tumor, light-up cancer imaging, and enhanced anticancer behavior. Therefore, this work provides a novel and promising strategy for the aPS build via simple and facile regulation of supramolecular chemistry

Chaotropic Effect-Induced Self-Assembly of the Malachite Green and Boron Cluster for Toxicity Regulation and Photothermal Therapy

Malachite green (MG), a toxic antibacterial agent, is widely used in the farming industry. Effectively regulating the biotoxicity of this highly water-soluble cationic dye is challenging. Here, we present a novel strategy to reduce the biotoxicity of MG through the self-assembly of MG and the closo-dodecaborate cluster ([B12H12]2–) driven by the chaotropic effect. [B12H12]2– and MG in an aqueous solution can rapidly form an insoluble cubic-type supramolecular complex (B12-MG), and the original toxicity of MG is completely suppressed. Surprisingly, this supramolecular complex, B12-MG, has a strong UV–vis absorption peak at 600–800 nm and significant photothermal conversion efficiency under 660 nm laser irradiation. On this basis, B12-MG, the supramolecular complex, can be used as an efficient photothermal agent for antimicrobial photothermal therapy (PTT) both in vitro and in vivo. As a molecular chaperone of MG, [B12H12]2– not only can be applied as an antidote to regulate the biotoxicity of MG but also provides a novel method for the construction of photothermal agents for PTT based on the chaotropic effect