Characteristics of Tetracycline Degradation Coupled Simultaneous Nitrification-Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal in Aquaculture Wastewater

Although residual tetracycline, NH4+-N, and P in aquaculture wastewater have been frequently detected, their simultaneous removal has received little attention. The simultaneous and efficient removal of tetracycline, NH4+-N, COD, and P in aquaculture wastewater was achieved with a laboratory-scale moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) under different influent C/N ratios. The results suggested that tetracycline could be degraded efficiently without using an additional organic carbon source. Most of the tetracycline (>80%), NH4+-N (>73%), TN (>68%), TP (>59%), and COD (>78%) were synchronously removed under the higher C/N ratios. The electron transport system activity (ETSA), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were evaluated for biofilm performance during aquaculture wastewater remediation. The results indicated that the protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) concentrations, and fluorescence intensities were significantly different because the influent C/N ratios changed the biofilm activity. The ETSA values were lowest when tetracycline was the sole carbon source, which suggested that tetracycline affected the nitrification activity of biofilms. Sphingobacteriia, Betaproteobacteria, and Alphaproteobacteria were identified as the dominant bacterial classes. This study provides a new strategy for the removal of tetracycline and nutrients from aquaculture wastewater.</p

Illustration of methods.

(A) Side-view diagrams of paraffin block (left) and approximate position of stained sections, where ‘A’ indicates first section, ‘G’ indicates seventh section and ‘M’ indicates thirteenth section (right). (B) Digital snapshots of whole slides before (left), and after (right) lesion annotation.</p

Cobalt-Metal-Based Cathode for Lithium–Oxygen Battery with Improved Electrochemical Performance

Metal-oxide-based free-standing cathodes for Li–O2 batteries have been widely reported due to the high stability and catalytic activity of metal oxides. Herein, we present a novel cobalt-metal-based free-standing cathode for Li–O2 battery. By replacing the metal-oxide catalysts with cobalt metal, the conductivity of the electrode was improved. On the other hand, the oxide layer on the surface of metal particles could still act as an effective catalyst during cell operation. Consequently, the metal-based electrodes delivered high discharge capacity with relatively low overpotential. A long battery life with 160 cycles was also achieved

Lesion Count by Age.

Lesion Count by Age.</p

Adenoma Counts Before and After Pathologist Review.

<p>Adenoma Counts Before and After Pathologist Review.</p

Histologic evaluation of intestinal tissue.

<p>(A) Snapshot image of an entire digital slide. (B) Intestinal lesions identified on the slide depicted in (A) Upper left: representative hyperplasia of mucosal epithelium that could be miscounted as adenoma on visual gross exam. Upper right: small adenoma that could be easily missed at visual gross exam. Lower left: adenoma adjacent to Peyer’s patch on the first serial section from slide shown in (A) Lower right: the same adenoma from lower left image appearing on the next serial section cut approximately 350μm deeper into the paraffin block. (C) Average lesions per age group. For tissue counted histologically, lesion number includes hyperplasias and adenomas. Columns represent the average lesion count. Bars = standard deviation. n = 4 mice per age group, except 6.6 weeks old, where n = 3. * p < 0.01 comparing total lesions, ** p <0.05 comparing adenomas only, p < 0.001 comparing total lesions using Student’s t-test.</p

Lesion counting is inconsistent between observers.

<p>(A) Adenomas were counted by two observers, blind to the mouse group as well as the lesion count of the other observer. Columns represent the average count. n = 3 per group, except Group 1 where n = 1, Bars = Stdev. (B) Percent difference between observers by animal, using the same animals as in (A) Each column represents a single animal.</p

Perspective on This Article from Lung-Cancer Chemoprevention by Induction of Synthetic Lethality in Mutant <i>KRAS</i> Premalignant Cells <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i>

Perspective on This Article from Lung-Cancer Chemoprevention by Induction of Synthetic Lethality in Mutant KRAS Premalignant Cells In Vitro and In Vivo</i

Table_5_An Integrated Analysis of Prognostic Signature and Immune Microenvironment in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma.xlsx

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a prevalent cancer of the oral cavity. Survival metrics are usually unsatisfactory, even using combined treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors can prolong survival, especially in patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. However, there are few effective biomarkers to provide prognosis and guide immunotherapy. Here, we utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify the co-expression module and selected the turquoise module for further scrutiny. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed the innate pathways. The findings indicated that cell junction organization, response to topologically incorrect protein, and regulation of cell adhesion pathways may be essential. Eleven crucial predictive genes (PLXNB1, N4BP3, KDELR2, INTS8, PLAU, PPFIBP2, OAF, LMF1, IL34, ZFP3, and MAP7D3) were used to establish a risk model based on Cox and LASSO analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE65858 databases (regarding overall survival). Kaplan–Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve suggested that the risk model had better prognostic effectiveness than other clinical traits. Consensus clustering was used to classify TSCC samples into two groups with significantly different survival rates. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT were used to display the immune landscape of TSCC and indicate the stromal score; specific types of immune cells, including naïve B cells, plasma cells, CD8 T cells, CD4 memory resting and memory activated T cells, follicular helper T cells, and T regulatory cells, may influence the heterogeneous immune microenvironment in TSCC. To further identify hub genes, we downloaded GEO datasets (GSE41613 and GSE31056) and successfully validated the risk model. Two hub genes (PLAU and PPFIBP2) were strongly associated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) and PD-ligand 1.</p

A Biodegradable Gel Polymer Electrolyte Based on Polydopamine-Modified Tough Polyurethane Enabling High-Rate Sodium Batteries

A biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte based on biodegradable polyurethane (PU) coated polydopamine (PDA) was synthesized through a low-cost and simple phase inversion method for developing high-performance sodium batteries. The PU polymer substrate possesses satisfactory tensile strength and brilliant elasticity benefited from a rigid–flexible bifunctional structure, which can resist the deformation and penetration induced by the sodium dendrite. In the meantime, the ion transference number of the gel polymer electrolyte can reach up to 0.70 due to dissociation of sodium salts by polar groups on PDA@PU. Moreover, the PDA coating layer can provide higher surface energy and conjugate effect on the liquid electrolyte to construct an unblocked sodium ion transfer channel, avoid leakage risk of liquid electrolyte, and reduce side reactions at the interface. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the PU substrate and the PDA coating layer, the gel polymer electrolyte enabled sodium battery with Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode shows a capacity retention as high as 84% after 1000 cycles at 2 C. This work demonstrates that the synthesized gel polymer electrolyte has a surprising prospect for practical application to guarantee the high toughness and fast ion conduction simultaneously required at relatively high charge–discharge rate