231,286 research outputs found
The Ownership School vs. the Management School of State Enterprise Reform: Evidence from China
There are two schools of thoughts on the important issue of reforming state-owned enterprises (SOEs). We call them the ownership school and the management school. The ownership school argues that the key to the reform is to diversify SOEs' ownership, including privatization, in order to eliminate government control of SOEs. The management school emphasizes the need to improve government's management of SOEs by, for example, granting SOE employees autonomy and profit incentives. Utilizing a data set of 680 SOEs in China, covering the period of 1980 to 1994, we test the relative effectiveness of these two kinds of reform measures. This is possible due to the fact that reform measures based on each of these two schools of thoughts were practised in China. Our results yield strong support for the ownership school while leaving very mixed evidence for the management school. Moreover, we find that the impact of ownership diversification was of the same order of magnitude on the economic performance of state enterprises as that of enhancing product market competition.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/39819/3/wp435.pd
Looking into DNA breathing dynamics via quantum physics
We study generic aspects of bubble dynamics in DNA under time dependent
perturbations, for example temperature change, by mapping the associated
Fokker-Planck equation to a quantum time-dependent Schroedinger equation with
imaginary time. In the static case we show that the eigenequation is exactly
the same as that of the -deformed nuclear liquid drop model, without the
issue of non-integer angular momentum. A universal breathing dynamics is
demonstrated by using an approximate method in quantum mechanics. The
calculated bubble autocorrelation function qualitatively agrees with
experimental data. Under time dependent modulations, utilizing the adiabatic
approximation, bubble properties reveal memory effects.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur
Orbital ordering in the ferromagnetic insulator CsAgF from first principles
We found, using density-functional theory calculations within the generalized
gradient approximation, that CsAgF is stabilized in the insulating
orthorhombic phase rather than in the metallic tetragonal phase. The lattice
distortion present in the orthorhombic phase corresponds to the
/ hole-orbital ordering of the Ag ions, and
this orbital ordering leads to the observed ferromagnetism, as confirmed by the
present total-energy calculations. This picture holds in the presence of
moderate 4d-electron correlation. The results are compared with the picture of
ferromagnetism based on the metallic tetragonal phase.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; a few energy/moment entries in Table I
are corrected due to a proper treatment of the Ag 4s semicore stat
An ALMA Dynamical Mass Estimate of the Proposed Planetary-mass Companion FW Tau C
Dynamical mass estimates down to the planet-mass regime can help to
understand planet formation. We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter
Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm observations of FW Tau C, a proposed ~10
planet-mass companion at ~330 au from the host binary FW Tau AB. We spatially
and spectrally resolve the accretion disk of FW Tau C in CO (2-1). By
modeling the Keplerian rotation of gas, we derive a dynamical mass of ~0.1
. Therefore, FW Tau C is unlikely a planet, but rather a low-mass star
with a highly inclined disk. This also suggests that FW Tau is a triple system
consisting of three ~0.1 stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ
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Layout-driven allocation for high level synthesis
We propose a hypergraph model and a new algorithm for hardware allocation. The use of a hypergraph model facilitates the identification of sharable resources and the calculation of interconnect costs. Using the hyper graph model, the algorithm performs interconnect optimization by taking into account interdependent relationships between three allocation subtasks: register, operation, and interconnect allocations simultaneously. Previous algorithms considered these three tasks serially. Another novel contribution of our algorithm is the exploration of design space by trading off storage units and interconnects. We also demonstrate that traditional cost functions using the number of registers and the number of mux-inputs can not guarantee the minimal area. To rectify the problem, we introduce a new layout area cost function and compare it to the traditional cost functions. Our experiments show that our algorithm is superior to previously published algorithms under traditional cost functions
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