80 research outputs found

    The Bionic Radiologist: avoiding blurry pictures and providing greater insights

    Get PDF
    Radiology images and reports have long been digitalized. However, the potential of the more than 3.6 billion radiology examinations performed annually worldwide has largely gone unused in the effort to digitally transform health care. The Bionic Radiologist is a concept that combines humanity and digitalization for better health care integration of radiology. At a practical level, this concept will achieve critical goals: (1) testing decisions being made scientifically on the basis of disease probabilities and patient preferences; (2) image analysis done consistently at any time and at any site; and (3) treatment suggestions that are closely linked to imaging results and are seamlessly integrated with other information. The Bionic Radiologist will thus help avoiding missed care opportunities, will provide continuous learning in the work process, and will also allow more time for radiologists’ primary roles: interacting with patients and referring physicians. To achieve that potential, one has to cope with many implementation barriers at both the individual and institutional levels. These include: reluctance to delegate decision making, a possible decrease in image interpretation knowledge and the perception that patient safety and trust are at stake. To facilitate implementation of the Bionic Radiologist the following will be helpful: uncertainty quantifications for suggestions, shared decision making, changes in organizational culture and leadership style, maintained expertise through continuous learning systems for training, and role development of the involved experts. With the support of the Bionic Radiologist, disparities are reduced and the delivery of care is provided in a humane and personalized fashion

    What Leadership Pattern can be Observed in IPS2 Work Systems when Compared with Production and Service?

    Get PDF
    AbstractResearch in the field of industrial product service systems (IPS2) gives emphasis to the importance of leadership behavior in order to propel new business models. Nevertheless, there is only a little knowledge of what leadership pattern is crucial and makes a difference in comparison to production and service. In our paper we address leadership behaviors and empowerment in IPS2, trying to shed light on qualitative structural differences compared to product- and service-oriented work systems. We present data from an empirical survey among 172 engineers in Germany. The participants evaluated psychological and structural empowerment and perceived interactive leadership behaviors. These aspects built the basis for explorative factor analyses conducted for each work system separately. Comparative qualitative interpretations of the results show that there are three different patterns of leadership. In an IPS2 work system, leadership shows a contextualized configuration in which specific behaviors and empowerment components fuse within factors. The resulting pattern is compared to product- and service-oriented work systems. Detailed analyses display a pattern in IPS2-oriented work systems in which a combination of leadership behaviors and empowerment elements supporting strategic goal-orientation, transparency and positive sensemaking makes up the difference in comparison to both other work systems

    Creative Intent and Reflective Practices for Reliable and Performative Human-AI Systems

    Get PDF
    In our contribution we underline the relevance of creative intent for making semi-autonomous human-AI systems reliable and performative. We show the challenges resulting from the autonomy of AI-based systems and argue that human creative intent allows to cope with them and to bring systems forward. It provides them with the capacity to generate meaningful contextual interactions through hybrid human-technology reflective practices. We illustrate the necessity for enhancing the reliability of systems on the basis of a high variety of use cases from (semi)autonomous driving, manufacturing, software development, healthcare and higher education - all of outstanding relevance for societal development towards a bright future. Against this background we discuss how to design technology for keeping human creative intent and performative reflective practices in the loop. The outlook gives emphasis to future research methods with respect to living lab components and ethnographic research in order to reach the necessary contextualization

    The Relevance of Managerial Cognition for IPSS Business Model Development

    Get PDF
    AbstractFacing the potential advantages and specific challenges of IPSS business model development we refer to a critical field for its succession: the hindering and supporting influence of managerial cognition. Related to microfoundations in dynamic capability research, we analyze for the development of IPSS how managerial cognitions influence a firms’ capability to realize new business model opportunities and to seize and reorganize its resources in order to take advantage from these opportunities. We apply the research on managerial cognition to the field of IPSS. Our empirical exploration is based on a qualitative case study analysis, comprising of interviews and cognitive mapping. We discover managers’ cognitions concerning new market opportunities, their perception of the necessity to change and their coping patterns for resource allocation. Our key finding is that IPSS are nor primarily considered as opportunities but rather threats with different strategies of coping mechanisms. There is a high consciousness for increasing sensemaking activities inside and outside the organization to adopt to new ways of value creation

    At a Crossroads: Case Study Analysis of the Organizational Challenges within the Transformation Path to an IPS2

    Get PDF
    AbstractMany ICT companies are transforming, going from a product focus towards more service focused business approaches. This transformation process has been on-going for a couple of decades now and places high demands, not only on the technological development and business models but also on the companieś ability to mature and transform the organizational setup, leadership capabilities, and the need for different types of competencies. This paper analyzes the servitization process within the ICT industry by presenting a case study that addresses the organizational challenges and gives tentative answers on how to cope with them

    Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

    Get PDF
    A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

    Measurements of top-quark pair differential cross-sections in the eμe\mu channel in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

    Get PDF

    Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at s=8TeV\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{} with the ATLAS detector

    Get PDF

    Measurement of the W boson polarisation in ttˉt\bar{t} events from pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS

    Get PDF

    Charged-particle distributions at low transverse momentum in s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV pppp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

    Get PDF
    corecore