Five dimensional relativity and two times

It is possible that null paths in 5D appear as the timelike paths of massive particles in 4D, where there is an oscillation in the fifth dimension around the hypersurface we call spacetime. A particle in 5D may be regarded as multiply imaged in 4D, and the 4D weak equivalence principle may be regarded as a symmetry of the 5D metric.Comment: 15 pages, in press in Phys. Lett.

Mach's Principle and Higher-Dimensional Dynamics

We briefly discuss the current status of Mach's principle in general relativity and point out that its last vestige, namely, the gravitomagnetic field associated with rotation, has recently been measured for the earth in the GP-B experiment. Furthermore, in his analysis of the foundations of Newtonian mechanics, Mach provided an operational definition for inertial mass and pointed out that time and space are conceptually distinct from their operational definitions by means of masses. Mach recognized that this circumstance is due to the lack of any a priori connection between the inertial mass of a body and its Newtonian state in space and time. One possible way to improve upon this situation in classical physics is to associate mass with an extra dimension. Indeed, Einstein's theory of gravitation can be locally embedded in a Ricci-flat 5D manifold such that the 4D energy-momentum tensor appears to originate from the existence of the extra dimension. An outline of such a 5D Machian extension of Einstein's general relativity is presented.Comment: 16 pages, accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik; Revised Version: minor improvement

Inflationary cosmology from STM theory of gravity

I study the power-law and de Sitter expansions for the universe during inflation from the STM theory of gravity. In a de Sitter expansion the additional dimension is related to the cosmological constant. I find from experimental data that the mass of the inflaton field is $m^2=2/(3\Psi^2)$. In power-law expansion, the fifth coordinate appears to be a dimensionless constant. The interesting here is that the $\Psi$-value depends on the initial conditions. I find the 5D line element for this inflationary expansion, which is a function of the classical component of the inflaton.Comment: final versio

Suggestibility as an operant factor in advertising effects, cognitive defences and the issue of consumer sovereignty

This paper is a response to two recent, unrelated studies in the ongoing issue of unconsciously processed advertising messages, one on similarity of hypnotic suggestion to suggestion in advertising, the other discussing more recent, similar constructs from psychology called the Duel Process Model in regard to the susceptibility of children to advertising. Implications for understanding low involvement advertising effects are discussed, plus the potential for a research agenda. The main theme of this paper is that it is clear that suggestions can be received without conscious awareness, but whether these are acted on may depend, as the hypnosis literature indicates, on a similarly unconscious filtering mechanism which retains control over consumer behaviour. Recent attempts to uncover these unconscious mechanisms have demonstrated the existence of such activity. The main conclusion of this paper is that consumer sovereignty remains a political, rather than a research issue

Inflation from the bang of a white hole induced from a 6D vacuum state

Using ideas of STM theory, but starting from a 6D vacuum state, we propose an inflationary model where the universe emerges from the blast of a white hole. Under this approach, the expansion is affected by a geometrical deformation induced by the gravitational attraction of the hole, which should be responsible for the k_{R}-non invariant spectrum of galaxies (and likewise of the matter density) today observed.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure Accepted for publication in Physics Letters

Quantum origin of pre-big bang collapse from Induced Matter theory of gravity

We revisit a collapsing pre-big-bang model of the universe to study with detail the non-perturbative quantum dynamics of the dispersal scalar field whose dynamics becomes from the dynamical foliation of test massless scalar field $\phi$ on a 5D Riemann-flat metric, such that the extra space-like coordinate is noncompact. The important result here obtained is that the evolution of the system, which is described thorough the equation of state has the unique origin in the quantum contributions of the effective 4D scalar field.Comment: final version to be published in Physics Letters B. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.210

Gravitational conformal invariance and coupling constants in Kaluza-Klein theory

We introduce a generalized gravitational conformal invariance in the context of non-compactified 5D Kaluza-Klein theory. It is done by assuming the 4D metric to be dependent on the extra non-compactified dimension. It is then shown that the conformal invariance in 5D is broken by taking an absolute cosmological scale $R_0$ over which the 4D metric is assumed to be dependent weakly on the 5th dimension. This is equivalent to Deser's model for the breakdown of the conformal invariance in 4D by taking a constant cosmological mass term $\mu^2\sim R_0^{-2}$ in the theory. We set the scalar field to its background cosmological value leading to Einstein equation with the gravitational constant $G_N$ and a small cosmological constant. A dual Einstein equation is also introduced in which the matter is coupled to the higher dimensional geometry by the coupling $G_N^{-1}$. Relevant interpretations of the results are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, some cghanges in the tex