The language of religious affiliation: social, emotional, and cognitive differences

Religious affiliation is an important identifying characteristic for many individuals and relates to numerous life outcomes including health, well-being, policy positions, and cognitive style. Using methods from computational linguistics, we examined language from 12,815 Facebook users in the United States and United Kingdom who indicated their religious affiliation. Religious individuals used more positive emotion words (β = .278, p < .0001) and social themes such as family (β = .242, p < .0001), while nonreligious people expressed more negative emotions like anger (β = −.427, p < .0001) and categories related to cognitive processes, like tentativeness (β = −.153, p < .0001). Nonreligious individuals also used more themes related to the body (β = −.265, p < .0001) and death (β = −.247, p < .0001). The findings offer directions for future research on religious affiliation, specifically in terms of social, emotional, and cognitive differences

Functional Characterization of <i>ttnI</i> Completing the Tailoring Steps for Tautomycetin Biosynthesis in <i>Streptomyces griseochromogenes</i>

The tautomycetin (TTN) biosynthetic gene cluster has been recently cloned and sequenced from <i>Streptomyces griseochromogenes</i>, unveiling four genes, <i>ttnCDFI</i>, as candidates to encode the tailoring steps for TTN biosynthesis. It is reported that (i) TtnC plays no essential role in TTN biosynthesis, (ii) TtnI catalyzes C-5 oxidation, and (iii) combining the previous findings with TtnFD, the tailoring steps from TTN F-1 to TTN take place in the order of TtnF-catalyzed C-1″/C-2″ dehydration, TtnD-catalyzed C-3″ decarboxylation, and TtnI-catalyzed C-5 oxidation

MOESM1 of Overexpression of a type III PKS gene affording novel violapyrones with enhanced anti-influenza A virus activity

Additional file 1: Table S1. Plasmids and strains used in this study. Table S2. Primer pairs used in this study. Table S3. Homologous locus of vioAB in different Streptomyces genomes. Figure S1. Relative yields for compounds 1–14 in different strains. Figure S2. Spectral data of 1. Figure S3. Spectral data of 2. Figure S4. Spectral data of 3. Figure S5. Spectral data of 4. Figure S6. Spectral data of 5. Figure S7. Spectral data of 6. Figure S8. Spectral data of 7. Figure S9. Spectral data of 8. Figure S10. Spectral data of 9. Figure S11. Spectral data of 10. Figure S12. Spectral data of 11. Figure S13. Spectral data of 12. Figure S14. Spectral data of 13. Figure S15. Spectral data of 14. Figure S16. Multiple-sequence alignments of VioA with selected type III PKSs. Figure S17. Site-directed mutagenesis study of VioA

High Production of Squalene Using a Newly Isolated Yeast-like Strain Pseudozyma sp. SD301

A yeast-like fungus, termed strain SD301, with the ability to produce a high concentration of squalene, was isolated from Shuidong Bay, China. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of SD301 indicated the strain belonged to Pseudozyma species. The highest biomass and squalene production of SD301 were obtained when glucose and yeast extracts were used as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, with a C/N ratio of 3. The optimal pH and temperature were 6 and 25 °C, with 15 g L^–1 of supplemented sea salt. The maximum squalene productivity reached 0.039 g L^–1 h^–1 in batch fermentation, while the maximum squalene yield of 2.445 g L^–1 was obtained in fed-batch fermentation. According to our knowledge, this is the highest squalene yield produced thus far using fermentation technology, and the newly isolated strain Pseudozyma sp. SD301 is a promising candidate for commercial squalene production

Supplementary document for Sidelobe-suppressed sub-diffraction-limit quasi-non-diffracting light sheets achieved by super-oscillatory lenses - 6307324.pdf

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Additional file 1: of Examination of the xanthosine response on gene expression of mammary epithelial cells using RNA-seq technology

Table S1. List of RT-qPCR primers sequences, product length and their annealing temperatures. Table S2. GO terms (Biological Process, Cellular Components and Molecular Functions) of all expressed genes of goat mammary epithelial cells during early lactation. Table S3. Top 20 transcripts identified by RNA-seq in goat mammary epithelial cells harvested from milk fat layers during early lactation in goat. (DOCX 29 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Comprehensive evaluation of AmpliSeq transcriptome, a novel targeted whole transcriptome RNA sequencing methodology for global gene expression analysis

Genes with at least two-fold change in expression between UHRR and HBRR have a nearly even distribution in four quartiles in terms of transcript abundance based on normalized transcript read-counts from Illumina RNA-seq. Figure S2. a.) Spearman’s ranked r for all genes using log10 transformed read-counts. AmpliSeq showed a strong correlation to the two whole transcriptome RNA-seq methods as determined by Spearman’s ranked r. b.) Dotplots of gene expression between different sequencing platforms. Figure S3. Significant correlation (p < 1e-6) of gene expression (using log10 transformed read-counts) between AmpliSeq and Proton RNA-seq for the following samples: hiPSC-CM 1104 at stimulated condition, hiPSC-CM 1104 at unstimulated condition, hiPSC-CM 1156 at stimulated condition and hiPSC-CM 1156 at unstimulated condition (E: Endothelin 1 stimulated, U: unstimulated). Figure S4. Significant correlation (p < 1e-6) of log2FC between AmpliSeq and Proton RNA-seq for samples hiPSC-CM 1156 (ET vs. unstim, n = 10,183) and hiPSC-CM 1104 (ET. vs. unstim, n = 10,226). Figure S5. All three methods show strong correlation against the RT-qPCR results in terms of log2FC. Using the MAQC dataset as the standard, we observe Pearson’s r values of 0.95 between the log2FC determined by AmpliSeq and the two RNA-seq methods (n = 674). For the ABRF PrimePCR dataset, the Pearson’s values were > =0.89 (n = 13,747). (ZIP 295 kb

Genetic Characterization of a Novel Iflavirus Associated with Vomiting Disease in the Chinese Oak Silkmoth <i>Antheraea pernyi</i>

<div><p>Larvae of the Chinese oak silkmoth (<i>Antheraea pernyi</i>) are often affected by AVD (<i>A. pernyi</i> vomiting disease), whose causative agent has long been suspected to be a virus. In an unrelated project we discovered a novel positive sense single-stranded RNA virus that could reproduce AVD symptoms upon injection into healthy <i>A. pernyi</i> larvae. The genome of this virus is 10,163 nucleotides long, has a natural poly-A tail, and contains a single, large open reading frame flanked at the 5′ and 3′ ends by untranslated regions containing putative structural elements for replication and translation of the virus genome. The open reading frame is predicted to encode a 3036 amino acid polyprotein with four viral structural proteins (VP1-VP4) located in the N-terminal end and the non-structural proteins, including a helicase, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and 3C-protease, located in the C-terminal end of the polyprotein. Putative 3C-protease and autolytic cleavage sites were identified for processing the polyprotein into functional units. The genome organization, amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the virus is a novel species of the genus <i>Iflavirus</i>, with the proposed name of <i>Antheraea pernyi</i> Iflavirus (ApIV).</p></div

Electron micrograph of negatively stained virus particles purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation.

<p>Arrows indicate spherical virus particles of about 25–30 nm in diameter.</p

5^th instar larvae with progressing AVD symptoms.

<p>(A) Healthy larva, (B) vomiting larva with arrow pointing at vomit, (C) larva hanging from branch and (D) shortened body of dead larva.</p