Confidence intervals and percent change in mean for interobserver and intraobserver variability for SS, s-SR, e-SR and a-SR.

<p>SS = systolic strain; s-SR = systolic strain rate; e-SR = early diastolic strain rate; a-SR = late diastolic strain rate; CI: Confidence interval.</p><p>Confidence intervals and percent change in mean for interobserver and intraobserver variability for SS, s-SR, e-SR and a-SR.</p

An Integrated Approach Based on a DNA Self-Assembly Technique for Characterization of Crosstalk among Combinatorial Histone Modifications

Combinatorial histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs) form a complex epigenetic code that can be decoded by specific binding proteins, termed as readers. Their specific interplays have been thought to determine gene expression and downstream biological functions. However, it is still a big challenge to analyze such interactions due to various limitations including rather weak, transient, and complicated interactions between HPTMs and readers, the high dynamic property of HPTMs, and the low abundance of reader proteins. Here we sought to take advantage of DNA-templated and photo-cross-linking techniques to design a group of combinatorial histone PTM peptide probes for the identification of multivalent interactions among histone PTMs and readers. By use of trimethylation on histone H3K4 (H3K4me3) and phosphorylation on H3T3, we demonstrated that this approach can be successfully utilized for identification of the PTM crosstalk on the same histone. By use of H3K4me3 and acetylation on H4K16, we showed the potential application of the probe in the multivalent interactions among PTMs on different histones. Thus, this new chemical proteomics tool combined with mass spectrometry holds a promising potential in profiling of the readers of combinatorial HPTMs and characterization of crosstalk among multiple PTMs on histones and can be adapted for broad biomedical applications

Conventional echocardiography parameters of LA function.

<p>Values represent the mean ± SD</p><p>^†Control vs. pregnant group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡Pregnant group vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡‡Control vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>LAAD = left atrial anteroposterior dimension; LAVmax = left atrial maximum volume; LAVmin = left atrial minimum volume; LAVpre-a = left atrial preatrial contraction volume; LAEF = left atrial ejection fraction.</p><p>Conventional echocardiography parameters of LA function.</p

LV function parameters.

<p>Values represent the mean ± SD</p><p>^†Control vs. pregnant group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡Pregnant vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡‡Control vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>LVDd = left ventricle end-diastolic dimension; EDV = end-diastolic volume; ESV = end-systolic volume; SV = stroke volume; CO = cardiac output; LVEF = left ventricle ejection fraction</p><p>LV function parameters.</p

An Integrated Approach Based on a DNA Self-Assembly Technique for Characterization of Crosstalk among Combinatorial Histone Modifications

Combinatorial histone post-translational modifications (HPTMs) form a complex epigenetic code that can be decoded by specific binding proteins, termed as readers. Their specific interplays have been thought to determine gene expression and downstream biological functions. However, it is still a big challenge to analyze such interactions due to various limitations including rather weak, transient, and complicated interactions between HPTMs and readers, the high dynamic property of HPTMs, and the low abundance of reader proteins. Here we sought to take advantage of DNA-templated and photo-cross-linking techniques to design a group of combinatorial histone PTM peptide probes for the identification of multivalent interactions among histone PTMs and readers. By use of trimethylation on histone H3K4 (H3K4me3) and phosphorylation on H3T3, we demonstrated that this approach can be successfully utilized for identification of the PTM crosstalk on the same histone. By use of H3K4me3 and acetylation on H4K16, we showed the potential application of the probe in the multivalent interactions among PTMs on different histones. Thus, this new chemical proteomics tool combined with mass spectrometry holds a promising potential in profiling of the readers of combinatorial HPTMs and characterization of crosstalk among multiple PTMs on histones and can be adapted for broad biomedical applications

Strain and strain rate of LA using 2DSTE.

<p>Values represent the mean ± SD</p><p>^†Control vs. pregnant group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡Pregnant group vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡‡Control vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>SS = systolic strain; s-SR = systolic strain rate; e-SR = early diastolic strain rate; a-SR = late diastolic strain rate</p><p>Strain and strain rate of LA using 2DSTE.</p

Clinical features of the groups.

<p>Values represent the mean ± SD</p><p>^†Control vs. pregnant group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡Pregnant vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>^‡‡Control vs. postpartum group, P<0.05</p><p>HR = heart rate; BSA = body surface area; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure</p><p>Clinical features of the groups.</p

LA Strain and strain rate obtained by 2DSTE in the pregnant (A, C) and control group (B, D).

<p>LA = left atrial; SS = systolic strain; s-SR = systolic strain rate; e-SR = early diastolic strain rate; a-SR = late diastolic strain rate.</p

The relationship of time between LA strain, LA strain rate, mitral wave, LA volume, and ECG in the control group.

<p>LA = left atrial; SS = systolic strain; s-SR = systolic strain rate; e-SR = early diastolic strain rate; a-SR = late diastolic strain rate; MVC = mitral valve closure; AVO = aortic valve opening; AVC = aortic valve closure; MVO = mitral valve opening; LAVmax = LA maximum volume; LAVpre-a = LA preatrial contraction volume; LAVmin = LA minimum volume; ECG = electrocardiogram.</p

Additional file 1 of Transcriptome-wide identification and characterization of genes exhibit allele-specific imprinting in maize embryo and endosperm

Supplementary Material