Differential protective effects of a history of thyroid cancer on breast cancer-specific mortality in patients at age<50years and age≥50years at the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Differential protective effects of a history of thyroid cancer on breast cancer-specific mortality in patients at age<50years and age≥50years at the diagnosis of breast cancer.</p

Kaplan-Meier analyses of the differential protective effects of a history of TC on BC-specific survival between young and old patients.

A, comparisons of the effects of a history of TC on BC-specific survival curves in BC/TC and matched BC-only patients between the group aged B, comparisons of the effects of a history of TC on BC-specific survival curves in BC-1st and matched BC-only patients between the group aged C, comparisons of the effects of a history of TC on BC-specific survival curves in TC-1st and matched BC-only patients between the group aged BC, breast cancer; TC, thyroid cancer; BC-only, patients only with a diagnosis of breast cancer and without a history of thyroid cancer; BC/TC, breast cancer patients also with a history of thyroid cancer diagnosed any time—either before or after the diagnosis of breast cancer; BC-1st, breast cancer was diagnosed first, followed by diagnosis of thyroid cancer; TC-1st, thyroid cancer was diagnosed first, followed by diagnosis of breast cancer.</p

Kaplan-Meier analysis of the effect of a history of TC on BC-specific and overall survivals of patients in various settings.

A, comparison of BC-specific survival curves between BC/TC and matched BC-only patients; B, comparison of BC-specific survival curves between BC-1st and matched BC-only patients; C, comparison of overall survival curves between BC-1st and matched BC-only patients. D, comparison of BC-specific survival curves between TC-1st and matched BC-only patients. BC, breast cancer; TC, thyroid cancer; BC-only, patients only with a diagnosis of breast cancer and without a history of thyroid cancer; BC/TC, breast cancer patients also with a history of thyroid cancer diagnosed any time—either before or after the diagnosis of breast cancer; BC-1st, breast cancer was diagnosed first, followed by the diagnosis of thyroid cancer; TC-1st, thyroid cancer was diagnosed first, followed by the diagnosis of breast cancer.</p

Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer in various clinical settings.

Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer in various clinical settings.</p

Effects of a history of thyroid cancer on breast cancer-specific mortality—Deaths per 1000 person-years and hazard ratios.

Effects of a history of thyroid cancer on breast cancer-specific mortality—Deaths per 1000 person-years and hazard ratios.</p

Rapid Discrimination of Adsorbed Oxygen and Lattice Oxygen in Catalysts by the Cataluminescence Method

Adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen are crucial parameters for catalyst characterization and catalytic oxidation mechanism. Therefore, rapid discrimination of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen is highly desired. Herein, a direct correlation between cataluminescence (CTL) kinetic curve and oxygen species was discovered. The adsorbed oxygen-catalyzed CTL only lasted for a few minutes, whereas the lattice oxygen-catalyzed CTL could exhibit hours of continuous luminescence. The long-term CTL was attributed to the slow migration of lattice oxygen in a slow and continuous catalytic oxidation reaction. In addition to the discrimination between the adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen by the CTL kinetic processes, the corresponding CTL intensity was positively proportional to their amounts. Accordingly, the developed catalytic oxidation-related CTL can be used as an indicator for rapid discrimination and determination of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen in catalysts. Oxygen species detected by the proposed CTL method not only matched well with those obtained by conventional X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and O2-temperature programmed methods but also offered some distinguished advantages, such as convenient operation, fast response, and low cost. It can be expected that the established oxygen-responsive CTL probe has great potential in distinguishing adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen in various catalysts

Syntheses, Structures, Luminescence, and Magnetic Properties of a Series of Novel Coordination Polymers Constructed by Nanosized [Ln₈Fe₄] Rings

A total of five three-dimensional Ln-Fe coordination polymers (CPs) [(CH₃)₂NH]­[(CH₃)₂NH₂]­[Ln₂Fe­(SO₄)₄(L)]­·3H₂O (Ln = Eu, <b>1</b>; Dy, <b>2</b>; Gd, <b>3</b>; Sm, <b>4</b>; Er, <b>5</b>; H₂L = tartaric acid) have been successfully synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analyses, luminescence, and magnetic properties. Structural analysis indicates that the frameworks of <b>1</b>–<b>5</b> are constructed from novel [Ln₈Fe₄] rings. In the strcutures of <b>1</b>–<b>5</b>, Ln^III and Fe^III ions interconnect through O donors of sulfate anions to generate a one-dimensional chain, and the adjacent chains are joined together by ligand [L]^2– to form a two-dimensional zonary plane, which is further bridged by ligand [L]^2– to give a new topology and named as “<i><b>Xhd</b></i><b>1</b>”. Magnetic properties of <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> were investigated using variable temperature magnetic susceptibility, and weak ferromagnetic exchange between the Fe^III and Ln^III ions has been established for the Gd derivative. Meanwhile, we also studied luminescence spectra and luminescence lifetimes of <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> in the solid state at room temperature. The luminescence lifetime of <b>1</b> is 0.98 ms, which is significantly longer than the values in the reported Eu³⁺ coordination polymers

Additional file 5 of Metformin promotes female germline stem cell proliferation by upregulating Gata-binding protein 2 with histone β-hydroxybutyrylation

Additional file 5. Figure S5. Corresponding uncropped full-length gels and blot.Changes of Kbhb in the histone region of FGSCs treated with metformin as determined by western blotting.Western blot validation of histone H2BK5bhb modification.Verification of Gata2 expression by western blotting.Interference efficiency of the protein level was validated by western blotting.,,Identification of mRNA expression of FGSC-related markers by RT-PCR

Aspartic-Acid-Based Ampholytic Amphiphiles: Synthesis, Characterization, and pH-Dependent Properties at Air/Water and Oil/Water Interfaces

A facile and two-step strategy was employed to synthesize a series of novel aspartic-acid-based ampholytic amphiphiles from sustainable and commercially viable substances as starting materials. The molecular structures of the synthetic compounds were well-identified by mass spectrometry and 1H/13C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and the physicochemical, pH-dependent foaming, and emulsifying properties were evaluated by the use of multiple techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Langmuir–Blodgett study, and fluorescence microscopy imaging. As a result of the co-existence of amino and carboxyl groups in the synthetic compounds, the compounds presented varying charges (cationic, ampholytic, and anionic) depending upon the pH of the medium compared to the dissociation constants (pKa). Compounds with cationic (pH 1.0) and anionic (pH 9.0) forms had significantly higher γ0.1 and critical micelle concentration values than those with ampholytic forms (pH 7.0). sn-1-Lauroyl-sn-3-aspartic acid (compound 3) at neutral and alkaline conditions displayed comparable foaming properties, including foaming, calcium-tolerant, and temperature-resistant abilities, with commercial sulfonate sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and thus might be a promising alternative to SDS, applied in personal care products and detergent formula. sn-1-Palmtoyl-sn-3-aspartic acid (compound 5a) with an ampholytic structure was proven as the most excellent stabilizer for the preparation of oil-in-water emulsions compared to palmityl aspartic acid (compound 5b), commercial food ingredient diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides, and glyceride monopalmitate at aqueous phase pH 7.0. Thus, it has promising use as a pH-dependent emulsifying agent in various fields