Data_Sheet_1_Tph Cells Expanded in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome.docx

ObjectivesPD-1+CXCR5–CD4+T peripheral helper cells, named Tph cells, contribute to B-cell immune responses and the production of antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the role of Tph cells was unknown in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Here, we aim to explore the contribution of Tph cells in the development of pSS.MethodsSixty patients with pSS and 61 age and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited for this study. The frequency of Tph cells in the blood was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS), MHC-II, IL-21, CCR2, CCR5, and CCR9 was evaluated in Tph cells. The relationship between Tph cells and indicators of clinical disease was assessed. Co-expression levels of PD-1, CXCR5, CD4, CCR2, and CCR5 in the salivary gland specimens from patients with pSS and patients with dry mouth and eyes but normal pathology were also analyzed.ResultsWe demonstrated increased circulating Tph cells (7.53 ± 6.65% vs. 3.08 ± 1.31%, p +/CD19+ plasma cells. Furthermore, ICOS was highly expressed in Tfh and Tph cells in patients with pSS. IL-21, MHC-II, CCR2, and CCR5 expression was higher in pSS Tph cells, and CCR9 expression was lower in pSS Tph cells than in pSS Tfh cells. Moreover, Tph cells and CCR2+CD4+T and CCR5+CD4+T cells were found in the labial gland of patients with pSS.ConclusionOur data show that Tph cells were enriched in peripheral blood and labial gland of patients with pSS. Circulating Tph cells correlated with disease activity scores, suggesting a crucial role of Tph in the development of pSS.</p

Forest plot of serum vitamin D values in RA patients and healthy controls using continuous variance methods.

<p>Forest plot of serum vitamin D values in RA patients and healthy controls using continuous variance methods.</p

Forest plot of serum vitamin D values in RA patients and healthy controls using dichotomous variance methods.

<p>Forest plot of serum vitamin D values in RA patients and healthy controls using dichotomous variance methods.</p

Flow diagram of the study selection process.

<p>Flow diagram of the study selection process.</p

Forest plots of disease activity and serum vitamin D levels in RA patients.

<p>Summary of Fisher’s z tests with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the relationship between: A) serum vitamin D levels and DAS28 scores; B) serum vitamin D levels and serum CRP levels; C) serum vitamin D levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.</p

Forest plots of subgroup analysis focused on the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and disease activity scores in RA patients.

<p>Summary of Fisher’s z scores with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the relationship between serum vitam D levels and DAS28 scores: A) stratified according to latitude; B) stratified according to economic status.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease in Adult Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.xlsx

Objective: This study aimed at clarifying the prevalence, risk factors, outcome, and outcome-related factors of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).Methods: Data of IIM patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University (FAHZJU) from September 2007 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected. And the IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. In addition, age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. A 1:2 case-control study and intragroup analysis were performed to identify risk factors for development of AE-ILD in IIM patients and unfavorable short-term outcome in AE-ILD patients through comparison, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: AE-ILD occurred in 64 out of 665 IIM patients (9.6%) with a short-term mortality rate of 39.1%. And the 64 IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. Besides, 128 age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. The retrospective case-control study revealed that elevated on-admission disease activity (P Conclusion: AE-ILD is a less frequent but fatal complication in IIM patients with elevated on-admission disease activity, lower DLCO% and diagnosis of CADM working as risk factors, indicating the potential roles of autoimmune abnormality and hypoxia in development of AE-ILD. Elevated on-admission disease activity and bacterial infection could predict unfavorable short-term outcome of IIM patients with AE-ILD. A therapeutic regimen of steroid and DMARDs was found to reduce short-term death in these patients.</p

Data_Sheet_2_Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease in Adult Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.docx

Objective: This study aimed at clarifying the prevalence, risk factors, outcome, and outcome-related factors of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).Methods: Data of IIM patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University (FAHZJU) from September 2007 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected. And the IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. In addition, age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. A 1:2 case-control study and intragroup analysis were performed to identify risk factors for development of AE-ILD in IIM patients and unfavorable short-term outcome in AE-ILD patients through comparison, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: AE-ILD occurred in 64 out of 665 IIM patients (9.6%) with a short-term mortality rate of 39.1%. And the 64 IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. Besides, 128 age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. The retrospective case-control study revealed that elevated on-admission disease activity (P Conclusion: AE-ILD is a less frequent but fatal complication in IIM patients with elevated on-admission disease activity, lower DLCO% and diagnosis of CADM working as risk factors, indicating the potential roles of autoimmune abnormality and hypoxia in development of AE-ILD. Elevated on-admission disease activity and bacterial infection could predict unfavorable short-term outcome of IIM patients with AE-ILD. A therapeutic regimen of steroid and DMARDs was found to reduce short-term death in these patients.</p

Table_2_Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease in Adult Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.docx

Objective: This study aimed at clarifying the prevalence, risk factors, outcome, and outcome-related factors of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).Methods: Data of IIM patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University (FAHZJU) from September 2007 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected. And the IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. In addition, age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. A 1:2 case-control study and intragroup analysis were performed to identify risk factors for development of AE-ILD in IIM patients and unfavorable short-term outcome in AE-ILD patients through comparison, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: AE-ILD occurred in 64 out of 665 IIM patients (9.6%) with a short-term mortality rate of 39.1%. And the 64 IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. Besides, 128 age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. The retrospective case-control study revealed that elevated on-admission disease activity (P Conclusion: AE-ILD is a less frequent but fatal complication in IIM patients with elevated on-admission disease activity, lower DLCO% and diagnosis of CADM working as risk factors, indicating the potential roles of autoimmune abnormality and hypoxia in development of AE-ILD. Elevated on-admission disease activity and bacterial infection could predict unfavorable short-term outcome of IIM patients with AE-ILD. A therapeutic regimen of steroid and DMARDs was found to reduce short-term death in these patients.</p

Table_1_Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease in Adult Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.docx

Objective: This study aimed at clarifying the prevalence, risk factors, outcome, and outcome-related factors of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).Methods: Data of IIM patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University (FAHZJU) from September 2007 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected. And the IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. In addition, age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. A 1:2 case-control study and intragroup analysis were performed to identify risk factors for development of AE-ILD in IIM patients and unfavorable short-term outcome in AE-ILD patients through comparison, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: AE-ILD occurred in 64 out of 665 IIM patients (9.6%) with a short-term mortality rate of 39.1%. And the 64 IIM patients with AE-ILD formed the case group. Besides, 128 age and sex matched IIM patients without AE-ILD were randomly selected to constitute the control group. The retrospective case-control study revealed that elevated on-admission disease activity (P Conclusion: AE-ILD is a less frequent but fatal complication in IIM patients with elevated on-admission disease activity, lower DLCO% and diagnosis of CADM working as risk factors, indicating the potential roles of autoimmune abnormality and hypoxia in development of AE-ILD. Elevated on-admission disease activity and bacterial infection could predict unfavorable short-term outcome of IIM patients with AE-ILD. A therapeutic regimen of steroid and DMARDs was found to reduce short-term death in these patients.</p