Fe-Catalyzed Dicarbofunctionalization of Vinylarenes with Alkylsilyl Peroxides and β‑Keto Carbonyl Substrates

The formation of two carbon–carbon bonds using vinylarenes with alkylsilyl peroxides and β-keto carbonyl substrates is effected by the presence of catalytic Fe­(OTf)2 under mild reaction conditions. A variety of vinylarenes with different substituents can be utilized in combination with several different alkylsilyl peroxides and β-keto carbonyl substrates

Classification analyses of compost samples using unconstrained and constrained clustering methods.

A, NMDS analysis based on chemical properties; B, NMDS analysis based on bacterial genus composition; C, MRT analysis based on chemical properties and bacterial genus composition; D, RDA analysis based on compost chemical properties and bacterial genus composition; E, RDA analysis based on compost chemical properties and bacterial phylum diversity. M0, D0 poultry manure; 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, sampling time points.</p

Temperature profile and moisture, organic matter, pH, C/N, total carbon and total nitrogen variation of V, F and C composts.

Temperature profile and moisture, organic matter, pH, C/N, total carbon and total nitrogen variation of V, F and C composts.</p

The chemical properties of compost components at construction.

The chemical properties of compost components at construction.</p

The variation of CO₂ respiration rate, germination index, bacterial, fungal and coliform counts, and <i>Gallus-</i>specific DNA copy numbers over 35 d of composting.

The variation of CO2 respiration rate, germination index, bacterial, fungal and coliform counts, and Gallus-specific DNA copy numbers over 35 d of composting.</p

The dynamics of compost bacterial phylum and genus composition of V, F and C composts.

M0, D0 poultry manure; 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, sampling time points. The species legend from bottom to top was illustrated according to the corresponding colors in each column.</p

Extractable-Na, extractable-K, NH₄-N and electrical conductivity variation of V, F and C composts.

Extractable-Na, extractable-K, NH4-N and electrical conductivity variation of V, F and C composts.</p

The correlation analyses of compost chemical and microbial properties over three composts.

The diagonal shows the properties used for the correlation analyses; the lower triangle illustrates the x-y scatter plots of every two properties; and the upper triangle illustrates the correlation coefficient and p value of each correlation analysis. The *, **, and *** symbols represent significant levels of ppp<0.001, respectively.</p

Controlled Synthesis and Biocompatibility of Water-Soluble ZnO Nanorods/Au Nanocomposites with Tunable UV and Visible Emission Intensity

ZnO nanorods/Au nanocomposites with Au nanocrystals growing at tips of ZnO nanorods or located along the surface of the nanorods can be synthesized via a facile low-cost solution method. The number of Au nanoparticles grown on ZnO nanorods can be controlled by tuning the molar ratio of ZnO to HAuCl4; thus, the ZnO/Au heterostructures displayed tunable UV and visible emission intensity. The cytotoxic studies on two different cell lines (CHO cells and Hela cells) indicated that ZnO/Au hybrid nanocrystals are biologically nontoxic. The MTT assays of these two cells are consistent, showing that ZnO/Au hybrid nanomaterials were low cytotoxic at concentrations of 10 μg/mL. It is found that cytotoxicity of ZnO/Au hybrid nanocomposites mainly comes from ZnO nanorods. Cellular uptake experiments revealed the ZnO/Au hybrid nanocrystals can enter into the endosomes and the cytosol. The as-prepared ZnO/Au hybrid nanocomposites with good biocompatibility may have potential applications in biomedicine

Bacteria-Mediated Ultrathin Bi₂Se₃ Nanosheets Fabrication and Their Application in Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Bismuth selenide (Bi₂Se₃) attracts a lot of attention nowadays due to its unique electronic and thermoelectric properties. In this study, fabrication of Bi₂Se₃ nanosheets by selenite-reducing bacterium (SeRB) was first reported. Morphology, size, and location of the biogenic Bi₂Se₃ are bacteria-dependent. It is difficult to separate Bi₂Se₃ generated by <i>Bacillus cereus</i> CC-1 (Bi₂Se₃-C) from the biomass because of strong interaction with the cell membrane. However, Bi₂Se₃ produced by <i>Lysinibacillus</i> sp. ZYM-1 (Bi₂Se₃-Z), is highly dispersed in extracellular space with high stability. Further characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) on Bi₂Se₃-Z indicates that the product is a rhombohedral-phase, ultrathin nanosheet-like structure with an average size of ∼100 nm. Subsequently, the photothermal performance of Bi₂Se₃-Z with the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser was determined. When the Bi₂Se₃-Z concentration was 26 mg L^–1, and irradiation power was 2 W, the photothermal conversion efficiency was calculated as 30.7%. At the same condition, 100% of the MCF7 and A549 cancer cells were killed within 10 min of irradiation in vitro. Moreover, using 1% (v/v) PVP as surfactant, a novel nanodumbbell structure of Bi₂Se₃ was obtained. Overall, this bacteria-driven Bi₂Se₃ fabrication paves a new way for biocompatible photothermal nanomaterials