Table1_Efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.DOCX

BackgroundOral mucositis is a major complication for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in HNC patients.MethodsRandomized controlled trials investigating our topic were included in the meta-analysis. The clinical outcomes considered were the severity of oral mucositis, pain level, and weight loss.ResultsA total of eight articles that met our inclusion criteria were included in our meta-analysis. At the 3-week follow-up visit, the turmeric group showed significantly lower grades of oral mucositis compared to the control group (p = 0.03). When compared to the placebo group, a significant difference in the degree of oral mucositis was observed at the 4-(p = 0.03) and 6-week (p conclusionOur meta-analysis showed that using turmeric may be effective in improving both the severity of oral mucositis and pain levels in HNC patients who have received radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. In addition, the turmeric group experienced less weight loss.</p

Inhibitory effect of DSW on balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal hyperplasia.

<p>Tissue sections from rat carotid arteries were further stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe the thickness of neointimal layer of arterial wall (A–F). The expression levels of MMP-2 and PCNA proteins were detected with immunohistopathological analysis (H and I). The images were acquired by microscopy at 200-fold magnification. The manifestation of vessel restenosis was presented as the ratio of neointima- to-media area (N/M ratio). L, lumen; N, neointima layer; M, media layer. Red arrow is protein experssion.*<i>P</i><0.05, and **<i>P</i>< compared with BA + water group, respectively.</p

Effect of blood biochemical parameters of SD rats after 4-week treatment with sham + water, BA + water, BA + MgCl₂, and DSW.

<p>Concentration unit: U/L. BA, balloon angioplasty; RDA, recommended dietary allowances; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase. Mg²⁺: serum Mg²⁺ concentration. Values are mean ± SEM, n = 6.</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05 compared to sham + water.</p

DSW-induced regulation of VSMC viability.

<p>Cell viability was analyzed with the MTT proliferation assay. One-fold (1x) DSW was defined as water-diluted DSW containing a level of magnesium equal to that of the magnesium chloride used in the present experiment. The results are shown as % of the control. *<i>P</i><0.05, and **<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the 15% FBS-treated group, respectively.</p

Effects of DSW on VSMC migration. Cell migration was analyzed with transwell assays.

<p>The images were taken at 400-fold magnification. The 1x DSW was defined as water-diluted DSW containing the same level of magnesium as the magnesium chloride used in the present experiment. The results are shown as % of the control (15% FBS).*<i>P</i><0.05, and **<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the 15% FBS-treated group, respectively. #<i>P</i><0.05 compared with the MgCl₂-treated group.</p

Molecular regulation by DSW of cell growth and migration of VSMCs.

<p>Inhibitory mechanisms of DSW on cell growth- and migration-associated proteins were analyzed by using the methods of Western blot (WB) and gelatin zymography. Beta-actin was used as internal control in Western blot. The results are shown as % of the control (15% FBS). The MMP-2 activity was normalized to the values of the 15% FBS group. *<i>P</i><0.05, and **<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the 15% FBS-treated group, respectively.</p

Differences in magnesium content in the balloon-injured carotid artery.

<p>*<i>P</i><0.05 compared with BA + water group, respectively.</p

Distribution of demographic data among adolescents with asthma (N = 286).

<p>Weight status: underweight, BMI <15th percentile; average weight, BMI 15th to 85th percentile; overweight, BMI 85th to 95th percentile; and obese, BMI >95th percentile.</p><p>Socio-economic status: high, Social Classes 1 and 2 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; medium, Social Classes 3 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; low, Social Classes 4 and 5 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status.</p><p>Family support level: low, below the 50th of the percentile scores; high, above the 50th of the percentile scores.</p><p>PEF, Peak expiratory flow.</p><p>Insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity.</p><p>Distribution of demographic data among adolescents with asthma (N = 286).</p

Insufficient physical activity among adolescents with asthma (n = 286).

<p>Weight status: underweight, BMI <15th percentile; average weight, BMI 15th to 85th percentile; overweight, BMI 85th to 95th percentile; and obese, BMI >95th percentile.</p><p>Socio-economic status: high, Social Classes 1 and 2 of Hollingshead's; medium, Social Classes 3 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; low, Social Classes 4 and 5 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status.</p><p>Family support level: low, below the 50th of the percentile scores; high, above the 50th of the percentile scores.</p><p>PEF, Peak expiratory flow.</p><p>Insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity.</p><p>COR, crude odds ratio.</p><p>AOR, adjusted odds ratio.</p><p>Insufficient physical activity among adolescents with asthma (n = 286).</p

Comparison of the amounts of physical activity and insufficient physical activity (n = 286).

<p>Weight status: underweight, BMI <15th percentile; average weight, BMI 15th to 85th percentile; overweight, BMI 85th to 95th percentile; and obese, BMI >95th percentile.</p><p>Socio-economic status: high, Social Classes 1 and 2 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; medium, Social Classes 3 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; low, Social Classes 4 and 5 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status.</p><p>Family support level: low, below the 50th of the percentile scores; high, above the 50th of the percentile scores.</p><p>PEF, Peak expiratory flow; insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity.</p><p>Comparison of the amounts of physical activity and insufficient physical activity (n = 286).</p