Association between sleep duration, depression and breast cancer in the United States: a national health and nutrition examination survey analysis 2009–2018

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, threatening both physical and mental health. The epidemiological evidence for association between sleep duration, depression and breast cancer is inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine the association between them and build machine-learning algorithms to predict breast cancer. A total of 1,789 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in the study, and 263 breast cancer patients were identified. Sleep duration was collected using a standardized questionnaire, and the Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression. Logistic regression yielded multivariable-adjusted breast cancer odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sleep duration and depression. Then, six machine learning algorithms, including AdaBoost, random forest, Boost tree, artificial neural network, limit gradient enhancement and support vector machine, were used to predict the development of breast cancer and find out the best algorithm. Body mass index (BMI), race and smoking were statistically different between breast cancer and non-breast cancer groups. Participants with depression were associated with breast cancer (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.55–3.51). Compared with 7–9h of sleep, the ORs for 9 h of sleep were 1.25 (95% CI: 0.85–1.37) and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.95–1.15), respectively. The AdaBoost model outperformed other machine learning algorithms and predicted well for breast cancer, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95%CI: 0.81–0.87). No significant association was observed between sleep duration and breast cancer, and participants with depression were associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. This finding provides new clues into the relationship between breast cancer and depression and sleep duration, and provides potential evidence for subsequent studies of pathological mechanisms.</p

Image_1_Regional intra-arterial vs. systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.tiff

IntroductionPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited response to chemotherapy. This research aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (RIAC) with conventional systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies assessing the comparative outcomes of RIAC and systemic chemotherapy were included. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed independently by two researchers. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA16 software, calculating odds ratios (OR), risk differences (RD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsEleven studies, comprising a total of 627 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The findings showed that patients undergoing RIAC had significantly higher rates of partial remission (PR) compared to those receiving systemic chemotherapy (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.57, 3.15, I2= 0%). Additionally, the rate of complications was lower in the RIAC group (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.63, I2= 0%). Moreover, patients treated with RIAC had notably longer median survival times.DiscussionThe results of this research indicate that RIAC is associated with a higher rate of partial remission, improved clinical benefits, and fewer complications compared to systemic chemotherapy in the management of advanced pancreatic cancer. These findings suggest that RIAC may be a more effective and safer treatment option for patients with advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023404637.</p

Image_2_Regional intra-arterial vs. systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.tiff

IntroductionPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited response to chemotherapy. This research aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (RIAC) with conventional systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies assessing the comparative outcomes of RIAC and systemic chemotherapy were included. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed independently by two researchers. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA16 software, calculating odds ratios (OR), risk differences (RD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsEleven studies, comprising a total of 627 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The findings showed that patients undergoing RIAC had significantly higher rates of partial remission (PR) compared to those receiving systemic chemotherapy (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.57, 3.15, I2= 0%). Additionally, the rate of complications was lower in the RIAC group (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.63, I2= 0%). Moreover, patients treated with RIAC had notably longer median survival times.DiscussionThe results of this research indicate that RIAC is associated with a higher rate of partial remission, improved clinical benefits, and fewer complications compared to systemic chemotherapy in the management of advanced pancreatic cancer. These findings suggest that RIAC may be a more effective and safer treatment option for patients with advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023404637.</p

Position and orientation of gallated proanthocyanidins in lipid bilayer membranes: influence of polymerization degree and linkage type

<p>It is well known that the biological activity of gallated proanthocyanidins (PAs) is highly structure-dependent. Polymerization degree (DP) and linkage types affect their biological activity greatly. Positions and orientations of gallated PAs in lipid bilayer reveal their structure-function activity at the molecular level. The present work aimed at determining the locations and orientations of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its derivatives: A-type and B-type EGCG dimers and trimers in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (POPE) lipid bilayer via molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The results showed that EGCG and its derivatives localized in the lipid bilayer or on the bilayer/water interface. Their penetration depths and orientations depended on both DP and linkage types. The penetration depths decreased with the increase of DP, sequencing to be EGCG > EGCG dimers > EGCG trimers. Spatially stretched A-type PAs could form more hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) with deep oxygen atoms of lipid bilayer and have higher affinity to the lipid bilayer than B-type PAs. Our results will provide an explicit evidence for PAs’ distinct biological activities.</p

Selective and Efficient Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols to Benzaldehydes and Methyl Benzoates by Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

<div><p></p><p>A selective and efficient method of oxidizing benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes and methyl benzoates by using 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH) as oxidant is developed. One-step conversion of benzyl alcohols to methyl benzoates in methanol at room temperature for 12 hours is achieved without any catalysts. Moreover, para-substituted benzyl alcohols are obtained in 86–98% yield. When dichloromethane is used as solvent, further oxidation of benzaldehydes to esters is well controlled, selectively affording benzaldehydes in 89–99% yield within 30 minutes.</p> <p>[Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of <i>Synthetic Communications</i>® for the following free supplemental resource(s): Full experimental and spectral details.]</p> </div

Image_3_Regional intra-arterial vs. systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.tiff

IntroductionPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited response to chemotherapy. This research aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (RIAC) with conventional systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies assessing the comparative outcomes of RIAC and systemic chemotherapy were included. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed independently by two researchers. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA16 software, calculating odds ratios (OR), risk differences (RD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsEleven studies, comprising a total of 627 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The findings showed that patients undergoing RIAC had significantly higher rates of partial remission (PR) compared to those receiving systemic chemotherapy (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.57, 3.15, I2= 0%). Additionally, the rate of complications was lower in the RIAC group (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.63, I2= 0%). Moreover, patients treated with RIAC had notably longer median survival times.DiscussionThe results of this research indicate that RIAC is associated with a higher rate of partial remission, improved clinical benefits, and fewer complications compared to systemic chemotherapy in the management of advanced pancreatic cancer. These findings suggest that RIAC may be a more effective and safer treatment option for patients with advanced stages of pancreatic cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023404637.</p

Inhibitory Effect of Persimmon Tannin on Pancreatic Lipase and the Underlying Mechanism in Vitro

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is a critical enzyme associated with hyperlipidemia and obesity. A previous study of ours suggested that persimmon tannin (PT) was the main component accounting for the antihyperlipidemic effects of persimmon fruits, but the underlying mechanisms were unclear. In this present study, the inhibitory effect of PT on PL was studied and the possible mechanisms were evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and molecular docking. PT had a high affinity to PL and inhibited the activity of PL with the half maximal inhibitory concertation (IC₅₀) value of 0.44 mg/mL in a noncompetitive way. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that the hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking was mainly responsible for the interaction. The strong inhibition of PT on PL in the gastrointestinal tract might be one mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect

Additional file 4: of Identification and differential regulation of microRNAs during thyroid hormone-dependent metamorphosis in Microhyla fissipes

Figure S2. a. Length distribution and abundance of small RNA sequences in M. fissipes, as determined by Illumina small-RNA deep sequencing. b. Nucleotides bias on the specific position of miRNAs in M. fissipes c. Count distribution and abundance of unique small RNA sequences in M. fissipes. d. Scatter plot map for miRNAs expression in the control and T3 groups. Each plot represented an individual miRNA, while the red plot indicated the significantly differentially expressed miRNA (p < 0.01 and |log2 (foldchange)| > 1). (JPG 1976 kb

Comparison of HCC transcript profiles of <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> mouse model and human HCC.

<p>Cross-species clustering profiles were obtained using comparative functional genomics approach. The clustering dendrogram was generated based on 1 - Pearson correlation and an average distance linkage. The data scale was also confined to a range of −3 to 3 for a more comparable heat map. Hierarchical clustering analysis was performed on 151 ortholog genes shared between 24-month-old wild-type and the age-matched <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> mice (N = 3 in each group, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071826#pone-0071826-g003" target="_blank"><b>Figure 3</b></a> legend), and the human GSE6222 integrated microarray data set. This data set included four T1 HCC tumors (early stage HCC), six T3 HCC tumors (advanced HCC), and 2 normal liver controls. Mouse and human tumor-free samples have blue font labels; human T1 HCC samples have red font labels; and <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> HCC and human T3 HCC samples have maroon font labels. All three <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> HCC samples (KO.4 through KO.6) co-clustered with four out of six human T3 HCC samples. Genes differentially expressed between mouse and human livers are enclosed in a box at the top of the heat diagram.</p

Hepatic RNA microarray analysis of <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> mice.

<p><b>A</b>: Schema of a four-way microarray analysis of <i>Iqgap2^−/−</i> knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mouse livers at 6 months and 24 months of age. Four-way comparison using SAM identified 554 genes that were differentially expressed among four groups (cutoff fold change ≥3 and FDR≤0.05). <b>B</b>: Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis identified 11 subsets of genes (clusters) within 554 genes that change expression in similar pattern across four groups; <b>C</b>: Top canonical biological pathways for genes from the cluster # 9 as identified by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA).</p