Persoalan Pewarisan Kuasa Menurut al-Quran: Analisis Politik Dunia Islam Hari Ini

Tulisan ini cuba untuk meninjau keadaan politik dunia Islam hari ini yang dilihat berada dalam keadaan yang lemah berbanding saingan mereka iaitu barat (bukan Islam) dan sekutunya. Untuk itu, tulisan ini akan meneliti nas berkaitan dengan pewarisan kuasa (warathat al-ard) dengan menjadikan ayat 105, surah alAnbiya’ sebagai asas kepada penelitian tersebut. Seterusnya keadaan semasa politik Islam ini akan dianalisis berdasarkan nas di atas beserta beberapa nas yang lain. Di akhir tulisan ini, penulis akan cuba mengemukakan perkara yang diperlukan oleh dunia Islam hari ini sepertimana yang dianjurkan oleh nas berkenaan pewarisan kuasa ini. Akhirnya diharapkan tulisan ini dapat memberikan panduan kepada umat Islam khususnya di Malaysia dalam mendepani cabaran politik dunia hari ini

Charters, laws, and school accountability: A multi-state perspective

The charter school movement has been the most prominent and controversial education reform in the United States in the last fifteen years. Advocates believe that by granting more autonomy to charter schools, they are subject to higher accountability standards and could provide better education. Thus the public schools are forced to compete and the deteriorating public school system will be revitalized. Charter school accountability is the centerpiece of charter school reform, which is based on the premise of the "autonomy for accountability" bargain. Although numerous studies have evaluated the education outcomes of charter schools, very few have examined the relationship between charter school autonomy and accountability in a systematic way. This dissertation examines the impact of charter school autonomy on school accountability empirically, through both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Under the current charter schooling system, the operation autonomy enjoyed by charter schools varies based on different charter school laws across states. Further, within the framework of state charter laws, charter school autonomy also differs at site level as specified by individual school charter, which is the ultimate legal document that governs school operation. Thus the qualitative case study explores the effect of different charter designs on school success by comparing the charters of sixteen individual schools; and the quantitative study utilizes panel data in thirteen states to examine the impact of state charter laws on charter school achievement. The findings suggest that fewer entry barriers or more operation autonomy do not necessarily lead to higher charter school performance, while the authorizing agencies' selection of the charter school candidates is more important for school success. The conclusion part further discusses the importance of implementation in policy outcomes.</p

Main variable descriptive statistics.

ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div

Endogenous estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on manufacturing industry total factor productivity.

Endogenous estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on manufacturing industry total factor productivity.</p

Basic estimation results: The influence of the double circulation and cross-border flow of innovation factors on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.

Basic estimation results: The influence of the double circulation and cross-border flow of innovation factors on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</p

Additional file 1: of Dichotomy in redundant enhancers points to presence of initiators of gene regulation

Supplementary material. File contains supplementary figures. (PDF 4083 kb

Covalently Interconnected Thermoplastic Polymeric Nanofiber/Carbon Nanotube Composite Nanofibrous Aerogels for Piezoresistive Sensors

With the development of wearable devices, the demand for pressure sensing has prompted the development of flexible pressure sensors with excellent overall performance, especially flexible piezoresistive sensors with long-term durability. In this study, covalently interconnected poly­(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (EVOH)/MWCNTs composite nanofibrous aerogels with typical “layer–pillar” hierarchical porous structure were prepared by hydroxyl aldehyde condensation to cross-link thermoplastic nanofibers and hydroxylated carbon nanotube. Benefiting from the porous structure of composite nanofibrous aerogels and robust bonding between EVOH and MWCNTs, the prepared composite nanofibrous aerogel exhibited an ultralow density (18.27 mg/cm3), excellent compressibility and restorability (up to 80% strain), and remarkable fatigue durability exceeding 1000 times. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the cross-linked composite aerogel was increased by a factor of 3.5 compared to the un-cross-linked composite aerogel (9.70 kPa). The composite nanofibrous aerogel can be assembled as a piezoresistive sensor, with a sensing capacity up to 80% strain (corresponding to 33.49 kPa) and detection limit of 80 Pa. Furthermore, the dynamic strain sensitivity and pressure sensitivity of the piezoresistive sensor are GF = 1.51 and S = 0.28 kPa–1, respectively. More importantly, the cyclic stability of the pressure resistance sensor was outstanding; even after 3000 cycles, its curve remained essentially consistent with the initial 50 cycles. These successes ensure the excellent performance of EVOH/MWCNTs composite nanofibrous aerogels for sensitive monitoring of mechanical signals, such as body posture monitoring, and show the great potential of aerogel sensors as the next generation of wearable electronics

Investigation of arc repressor DNA-binding specificity by comparative molecular dynamics simulations

<div><p>Transcription factors regulate gene expression through binding to specific DNA sequences. How transcription factors achieve high binding specificity is still not well understood. In this paper, we investigated the role of protein flexibility in protein–DNA-binding specificity by comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Protein flexibility has been considered as a key factor in molecular recognition, which is intrinsically a dynamic process involving fine structural fitting between binding components. In this study, we performed comparative MD simulations on wild-type and F10V mutant P22 Arc repressor in both free and complex conformations. The F10V mutant has lower DNA-binding specificity though both the bound and unbound main-chain structures between the wild-type and F10V mutant Arc are highly similar. We found that the DNA-binding motif of wild-type Arc is structurally more flexible than the F10V mutant in the unbound state, especially for the six DNA base-contacting residues in each dimer. We demonstrated that the flexible side chains of wild-type Arc lead to a higher DNA-binding specificity through forming more hydrogen bonds with DNA bases upon binding. Our simulations also showed a possible conformational selection mechanism for Arc-DNA binding. These results indicate the important roles of protein flexibility and dynamic properties in protein–DNA-binding specificity.</p></div

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ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div

S2 File -

ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div