Table_1_Gender differences in cognitive improvements after two months of atypical antipsychotic treatment in first episode schizophrenia.docx

AimsThis study aims to explore the gender differences in cognitive improvements after two months of atypical antipsychotic treatment in first episode schizophrenia (FES).Methods82 patients with FES, including 50 male patients and 32 female patients, were enrolled in the present study. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were respectively conducted to evaluate the clinical symptoms and cognitive function of patients with FES at baseline and after treatment. Repeated measure ANOVA was performed to compare gender differences in cognitive domains scores between baseline and 2-month follow-up. Stepwise liner regression model was performed to explore the effect factors of cognitive improvements in patients.ResultsThere was no significant difference in age of onset, education years, PANSS scores, duration of untreated psychosis and Olanzapine equivalent doses between male and female patients (all p > 0.05). In the comparisons of cognition function, male patients exhibited better performance in social cognition compared with female patients at baseline (t = 3.20, p ConclusionsOur findings revealed gender differences of cognitive improvements in patients with FES after 2-month treatment. It provides new evidence for gender differences in cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, and also provides preliminary clues for further individualized cognitive intervention strategies.</p

Observation of Organic Molecules at the Aerosol Surface

Organic molecules at the gas-particle interface of atmospheric aerosols influence the heterogeneous chemistry of the aerosol and impact climate properties. The ability to probe the molecules at the aerosol particle surface in situ therefore is important but has been proven challenging. We report the first successful observations of molecules at the surface of laboratory-generated aerosols suspended in air using the surface-sensitive technique second harmonic light scattering (SHS). As a demonstration, we detect trans-4-[4-(dibutylamino)­styryl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide and determine its population and adsorption free energy at the surface of submicron aerosol particles. This work illustrates a new and versatile experimental approach for studying how aerosol composition may affect the atmospheric properties

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>-MICDYS (b) injected the left TA muscles. Microdystrophin -positive fibers were detected in both groups, but the number of microdystrophin-positive fibers and the intensity of immunofluorescence were uniformly greater in pAVP22-MICDYS injected TA muscles. Magnification: × 100. (B) Immunostaining analysis microdystrophin expression in mouse TA injected by pAMICDYS (c, f) or pAVP22 -MICDYS (b, e) at 2 weeks (b, c) and 16 weeks (e, f) after injection, the right TA injected by PBS (d). The TA of C57BL/10 (a). Magnification: × 200

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>post-transfection, transfected cells were fixed and immunocytochemistry was performed with the monoclonal anti-dystrophin Amino Terminal. Magnification: × 100. At 48 h after transfection with pAVP22, pAMICDYS, pAVP22-MICDYS, cell supernatant were prepared from 3T3 cells and then added to C2C12 cells in a 35 mm dish. After 45 min, the cells were washed with PBS and processed for immunocytochemistry. (D) Transfected by supernatant with pAMICDYS; (E) Transfected by supernatant with pAVP22-MICDYS. Magnification: × 200

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-6

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p> pAMICDYS (C). Microdystrophin -positive fibers were only detected in groups injected by pAVP22-MICDYS, not in groups injected by pAMICDYS. Magnification: × 100

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-5

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>; treated by pAMICDYS (C). Microdystrophin -positive fibers were only detected in groups injected by pAVP22-MICDYS, not in groups injected by pAMICDYS. Magnification: × 100

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-3

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>d by PBS. Shown are H&E-stained TA muscle cross sections from post-injection 2 weeks (A, B, C), post-injection 16 weeks (D, E, F). The left TA muscles treated by pAMICDYS (B, E), pAVP22-MICDYS (C, F); the right TA muscles treated by PBS (A, D). Magnification: × 200. Centrally nucleated fibers were counted in transverse H&E cryosections from treated mdx mice. The ratio of centrally nucleated fibers (%) is shown as means ± SE in TA muscle at post-injection 2 weeks (G) and 16 weeks (H). * p < 0.05 compared with mice; p < 0.05 compared with pAMICDYS transfered mice

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>2 weeks. The 175-kDa-microdystrophin bands appeared stronger in pAVP22-MICDYS- compared to pAMICDYS-transduced TA

Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport-7

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Enhanced effect of microdystrophin gene transfection by HSV-VP22 mediated intercellular protein transport"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/50</p><p>BMC Neuroscience 2007;8():50-50.</p><p>Published online 8 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1931604.</p><p></p>post-transfection, transfected cells were fixed and immunocytochemistry was performed with the monoclonal anti-dystrophin Amino Terminal. Magnification: × 100. At 48 h after transfection with pAVP22, pAMICDYS, pAVP22-MICDYS, cell supernatant were prepared from 3T3 cells and then added to C2C12 cells in a 35 mm dish. After 45 min, the cells were washed with PBS and processed for immunocytochemistry. (D) Transfected by supernatant with pAMICDYS; (E) Transfected by supernatant with pAVP22-MICDYS. Magnification: × 200