1,306 research outputs found

    A Novel A Priori Simulation Algorithm for Absorbing Receivers in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication Systems

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    A novel a priori Monte Carlo (APMC) algorithm is proposed to accurately simulate the molecules absorbed at spherical receiver(s) with low computational complexity in diffusion-based molecular communication (MC) systems. It is demonstrated that the APMC algorithm achieves high simulation efficiency since by using this algorithm, the fraction of molecules absorbed for a relatively large time step length precisely matches the analytical result. Therefore, the APMC algorithm overcomes the shortcoming of the existing refined Monte Carlo (RMC) algorithm which enables accurate simulation for a relatively small time step length only. Moreover, for the RMC algorithm, an expression is proposed to quickly predict the simulation accuracy as a function of the time step length and system parameters, which facilitates the choice of simulation time step for a given system. Furthermore, a rejection threshold is proposed for both the RMC and APMC algorithms to significantly save computational complexity while causing an extremely small loss in accuracy.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1803.0463

    Simulation Algorithms for Absorbing Receivers in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication Systems: An A Priori Approach

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    Molecular Communication (MC) has emerged as a cutting edge technique for exchanging and conveying information among nano-devices in very small dimensions or specific environments, such as water, tunnels, and human bodies. It is worthwhile noting that existing simulation algorithms for diffusion-based MC systems incur high computational complexity when simulating the absorption of molecules at receiver(s). Specifically, the existing algorithms require a very small simulation time step length to accurately model the absorption, leading to a long simulation run time. Against this background, this thesis aims to reduce the computational complexity for the simulation of absorption at receiver(s) in a diffusion-based MC system. In Chapter 3, the system models of the investigated problem are introduced. To be specific, the MC system with both a single absorbing receiver and that with multiple absorbing receivers are considered. The analytical reaction probabilities of molecules with absorbing receiver(s) are discussed. Furthermore, the intra-step absorption probabilities used in algorithms for simulating absorbing receiver(s) are presented. In Chapter 4, existing simulation algorithms for absorbing receiver(s) in diffusion-based MC systems are carefully examined and the similarities and differences among algorithms are discussed. To quickly predict the simulation accuracy of an existing algorithm, the refined Monte Carlo (RMC) algorithm, a new expression is proposed as a function of the simulation time step length and system parameters. After discovering that the RMC algorithm enables accurate simulation for a relatively small simulation time step length only, a novel a priori Monte Carlo (APMC) algorithm is proposed to accurately simulate the molecules absorbed at spherical absorbing receiver(s) with low computational complexity for relatively large simulation time step lengths. Moreover, by analyzing the computational complexity of the APMC algorithm and the RMC algorithm, a likelihood threshold is proposed to reduce the computational complexity for both algorithms. In Chapter 5, numerical results are shown to evaluate the aforementioned simulation algorithms. It is obvious from the results that using the prediction expression for the RMC algorithm, we can characterize the accuracy of the simulation results of the RMC algorithm without running it, which facilitates the selection of simulation time step length for a given system. It is also demonstrated that the APMC algorithm effectively overcomes the shortcoming of the existing algorithms. It is further shown that after applying an appropriate likelihood threshold to the APMC algorithm and the RMC algorithm, the computational complexity is significantly saved while only an extremely small loss in accuracy is caused

    Resistance and Compromise under Power Structures of Sexuality: A Case Study on Real Person Slash Fans in China

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    RPS (Real Person Slash) refers to the fandom in which female fans form homoerotic fantasies based on two real men such as actors, politicians and historical figures. This paper tries to see this group of women under power structures of sexuality in China and how such structures influence their fan practices. Through online observations, group discussion and in-depth interviews with 16 fans in total, I argue that Chinese RPS fans’ practices could be understood in both resistance and compromise to the current power structures of sexuality in China. These fans on one hand show their resistance to the traditional gender norms by expressing desires and creating alternative masculinities; while on the other hand they compromise in a way in which they regulate their fantasies within a certain place to prevent themselves as well as the real persons involved in the RPS fandom being judged by the dominant social norms. This paper hopes to foreground an indigenous discussion on Chinese slash fan communities under the power structures of sexuality
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