Contribution to the characterization of stratified structures : electromagnetic analysis of a coaxial cell and a microstrip line

The objective of this dissertation is the development of electromagnetic modelling software specific to the cells of microwave material characterization. This development is based on numerical methods that are alternative to finite element method which is widely used in commercial software. For the need to extract the properties of materials by inverse modelling methods, research into the numerical efficiency of direct analysis is the focus in this thesis. The characterization targeted cells in this work concern a coaxial cell and a planar line. The presence of an unknown material is modelled by a stratified heterogeneous transmission structure. The application of the transverse operator method (TOM) on the multi-layered coaxial cell allowed the determination of the propagation constant of fundamental mode and its corresponding field distribution of the electromagnetic fields, and the characteristics of higher-order modes for the need of the characterization of discontinuities between empty line and loaded line. In the case of the microstrip line, the use of the modified transverse resonance method (MTRM) allowed the determination of characteristics of the fundamental and higher order modes. Since each cell consists of several different sections, the matrix S of the set will be determined by the use of the several modal methods, such as modal connection method (''mode matching'') and multimodal variational method (MVM). The direct analysis codes are coupled with several optimization programs to constitute the software for extracting the material parameters. These are applied to material samples in cylinder form holed by the coaxial cell, or thin rectangular wafer by the microstrip line. Broadband extraction results were obtained, values are comparable with those published. Both high-loss dielectrics and nanostructured materials have been studied by our method

The Motivations of Users to Participate in Sustainable Projects on Mobile Applications : The Case of Antforest

Despite the increasing ecological awareness of contemporary global society, the complexity of motivations and practices for green consumption still poses significant obstacles to the spread of more environmentally conscious consumption patterns. With the current development of technology, digital technology has gradually become an effective way to reduce psychological distance and enhance consumers' participation in sustainable environmental behaviors. Digital technology represented by the Internet is changing the behavioral patterns of individuals participating in environmental protection and may become an effective policy tool. However, due to the scarcity of successful green sustainable software, there are few studies related to its use. This article chooses Ant Forest, a subsidiary of Alibaba Group, as a case study. This thesis examines the factors that influence user sustainable behavior in mobile applications and the effects of mobile applications on user sustainable behavior, specifically focusing on the case of Ant Forest (AF). This study included semi-structured interviews with seven senior Ant Forest users to document and examine their experiences and ideas. Analysis of the interview data revealed that users are motivated to use Ant Forest by two primary factors: social influences and mobile application features. Furthermore, it was observed that Ant Forest has a beneficial effect on users' adoption of sustainable behaviors. While this instance took place in China, it holds significant relevance for the future advancement of research on users' sustainable behavior in mobile applications in other nations globally.nhhma

Detailed morphological study of layer 2 and layer 3 pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) can influence emotional and motivational states in primates by its dense connections with many neocortical and subcortical regions. Pyramidal neurons serve as the basic building blocks of these neocortical circuits, which have been extensively studied in other brain regions, but their morphological and electrophysiological properties in the primate ACC are not well understood. In this study, we used whole-cell patch clamp and high-resolution laser scanning confocal microscopy to reveal the general electrophysiological properties and detailed morphological features of layer 2 and 3 pyramidal neurons in ACC (area 24/32) of the rhesus monkey. Neurons from both layers had similar passive membrane properties and action potential properties. Morphologically, dendrites of layer 3 ACC neurons were more complex than those of layer 2 neurons, by having dendrites with longer total dendritic lengths, more branch points and dendritic segments, spanning larger convex hull volumes. This difference in total dendritic morphology was mainly due to the apical dendrites. In contrast, the basal dendrites displayed mostly similar features between the two groups of neurons. However, while apical dendrites extend to the same layer (layer 1), the basal dendrites of layer 3 extended into deeper layers than layer 2 because of the difference in soma-pia distance. Thus, basal dendrites of the two groups of neurons receive different laminar inputs. Analysis of spines showed that more spines were found in neurons of layer 3 apical dendritic arbors than layer 2 neurons. However, the apical spine densities were similar between neurons in the two layers. Thus, while higher spine number suggests that layer 3 neurons receive more excitatory input than layer 2 neurons, the similar spine density suggests similar spatial and temporal summation of these inputs. The combined effects of increased number of excitatory input and higher dendritic complexity in layer 3 than in layer 2 ACC neurons suggest the additional information received by layer 3 neurons, especially in the apical dendrites, might undergo more complex integration

Determining the structure and content of the formation of the readiness of future teachers of music for vocal and pedagogical activities in higher education institutions in Chinawang Jin

The article defines the essence of the concept «readiness of future teachers of music art for vocal and pedagogical activities» and proposes its structure. The author substantiates the components of readiness of future music teachers for vocal and pedagogical: motivational and value (focus on music and aesthetic education), content-target (systematization of knowledge, skills and abilities that meet the purpose), operational (set of knowledge and skills of students), which contribute to the formation of cognitive-value, emotional and artistic attitude to the art of music), productive-reflective (self-esteem and reflection)

Adversarial Sample Detection for Deep Neural Network through Model Mutation Testing

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been shown to be useful in a wide range of applications. However, they are also known to be vulnerable to adversarial samples. By transforming a normal sample with some carefully crafted human imperceptible perturbations, even highly accurate DNN make wrong decisions. Multiple defense mechanisms have been proposed which aim to hinder the generation of such adversarial samples. However, a recent work show that most of them are ineffective. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to detect adversarial samples at runtime. Our main observation is that adversarial samples are much more sensitive than normal samples if we impose random mutations on the DNN. We thus first propose a measure of `sensitivity' and show empirically that normal samples and adversarial samples have distinguishable sensitivity. We then integrate statistical hypothesis testing and model mutation testing to check whether an input sample is likely to be normal or adversarial at runtime by measuring its sensitivity. We evaluated our approach on the MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets. The results show that our approach detects adversarial samples generated by state-of-the-art attacking methods efficiently and accurately.Comment: Accepted by ICSE 201

KERT: Automatic Extraction and Ranking of Topical Keyphrases from Content-Representative Document Titles

We introduce KERT (Keyphrase Extraction and Ranking by Topic), a framework for topical keyphrase generation and ranking. By shifting from the unigram-centric traditional methods of unsupervised keyphrase extraction to a phrase-centric approach, we are able to directly compare and rank phrases of different lengths. We construct a topical keyphrase ranking function which implements the four criteria that represent high quality topical keyphrases (coverage, purity, phraseness, and completeness). The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated on two collections of content-representative titles in the domains of Computer Science and Physics.Comment: 9 page

Combination of Project-Based and Case-Based Learning Methods in Foreign-Language Teaching

Foreign-language teaching will have effective results by combining theoretical instruction with practical instruction. Project-based learning is mainly theory-oriented and case-based learning is mainly practice-oriented, and the two educational methods can both enhance the students’ learning motivation and efficiency. Foreign language teachers are expected to change the traditional teacher-centered teaching ways and employ the two learning methods to increase the learning efficiency of foreign languages